Divine Word College of Bangued

Bangued, Abra
College Department

Name: Crisologo, Aldrin Clyde Submission Date: October 1, 2021

Year and Section: BSED 2 (Major in Soced)
Subject: World Literature (Lit 2)
Module 1
Lesson 5- The Literature of Iraq

Activity 1- Answer the questions as being called for. (7 pts for the content, 3 pts for the structure)
1. Do you agree that Iraq is a government of fear? Explain your answer.
 The regime of Iraqi dictator, Saddam Hussein. Like the first Gulf War, the 2003 invasion of Iraq
facilitated a monumental media spectacle, a socio-cultural drama imbued with de- contextualized
images, mythic narratives and government ‘spin’. Audiences and circulation figures soared while
left and right ideologies battled within the media, as politicians sought a fundamental goal of
government, the manufacture of consent. This paper explores the causal relationship between
knowledge of an event, its actual ‘reality’, and the reality generated by the news media. It grapples
with epistemological questions regarding understanding war in an age where media images shape
both our understandings of each other and the world beyond immediate experience.

2. Discuss how Mesopotamians enriched world culture.

. Mesopotamian civilization’s farming parlance and inventions has been one their greatest
enrichments. Houses formed farming communities following the domestication of animals and the
development of agriculture, most notably irrigation techniques that took advantage of the proximity
of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Agricultural progress was the work of the dominant
Mesopotamian culture. Above-mentioned inventions of the Mesopotamian have been adapted by
many countries which until now they are using it. It serves as the benchmark of some countries, if
not all, in developing their economic capabilities that would help in reaching out their countries
vision when it comes to inventions.
Activity 2- Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your answer on the blank provided for you.

Column A
Column B
f 1. The Sun-god a. Istar
k 2. Gods of the lower world b. Adad
b 3. The storm -god c. The Anunnaki
d. Iragal
g 4. Gods of the upper world
e. Ninurta
j 5. God of pestilence f. Shamash
e 6. The warrior god g. Enlil
g 7. God of the southern hemisphere h. Igigi-gods
i. Urshanabi
l 8. The Babylonian Noah j. Irra
a 9. The ferryman in the underworld k. Ea
i 10. Goddess who fell inlove with Gilgamesh l. Ut-napishtim

Literature 2 – World Literature

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Bangued, Abra
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Activity 3. Answer the following questions as called for. (7 pts for the content, 3 pts for the structure) Place
your answers in separate sheets of paper
a. Compare Gilgamesh with the account of the flood in the bible book of Genesis. List down their
similarities and dissimilarities.
Similarities
 God (or several gods in the Gilgamesh account) decided to destroy humankind because of its
wickedness and sinfulness (Genesis 6:5–7).

• A righteous man (Genesis 6:9) was directed to build an ark to save a limited and select group of
people and all species of animals (Noah received his orders directly from God, Utnapishtim from a
dream).

• Both arks were huge, although their shapes differed. Noah’s was rectangular; Utnapishtim’s was
square.

• Both arks had a single door and at least one window.

• A great rain covered the land and mountains with water, although some water emerged from
beneath the earth in the biblical account (Genesis 7:11).

• The Noahic flood was the result of a storm lasting 40 days and nights (Genesis 7:12), while the
Gilgamesh storm was much shorter: “Six days and seven nights / came the wind and flood, the
storm flattening the land” (from Tablet XI, trans. by Maureen G. Kovacs)

• Birds were released to find land (a raven and three doves in the biblical account, Genesis 8:6–12;
a dove, swallow, and raven in the other).

• After the rains ceased, both arks came to rest on a mountain, Noah’s on Ararat (Genesis 8:4);
Utnapishtim’s on Nisir. These mountains are about 300 miles apart.

• Sacrifices were offered after the flood (Genesis 8:20).

• God was (or gods were) pleased by the sacrifices (Genesis 8:21), and Noah and Utnapishtim
received blessings. Noah’s blessing was to populate the earth and have dominion over all animals
(Genesis 9:1–3); Utnapishtim’s was eternal life.

• God (or the many gods) promised not to destroy humankind again (Genesis 8:21–22).

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Dissimilarities
 God directly told Noah, Utnapishtim heard it in a dream
 Number of people on the boat
 Duration, 40 days vs 6
 Types of birds released
 Shape and size of the boat
 Water did not come from rain in Noah's flood, but from chambers under the Earth

b. Why was Enlyl enraged over finding that one/ man had escaped destruction?
 Enlyl was enraged over finding that one man called Utnapishtim had escaped destruction because
of the noise that would possibly create by him. Enlyl would not like to happen it again because it is
such a catastrophe to his side. Enlyl was destructed ever since, that reasons out why he wanted to
govrn them and kill the people. Noise has been the reason why Enlyl get sickness from thereon.

c. Explain why Ut-napishtim was alive.

 Utnapishtim, survivor of a mythological flood whom Gilgamesh consults about the secret of
immortality. Utnapishtim was the only man to escape death, since, having preserved human and
animal life in the great boat he built, he and his wife were deified by the god Enlil. Utnapishtim
directed Gilgamesh to a plant that would renew his youth, but the hero failed to return with it to his
home city.

d. what Asian trait/ characteristics is embedded in the literary pieces of Egypt and Iraq? Support your
answer with earlier studies.
 Egyptians are the people inhabiting the country of Egypt. Egyptian identity is closely tied to
geography. The population is concentrated in the lower Nile Valley, a small strip of cultivable land
stretching from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean and enclosed by desert both to the east and
to the west. This unique geography has been the basis of the development of Egyptian society
since then.
 Iraq has long reflected cultural diversity. Although, Iraqis generally are a religious and conservative
people, there are strong secular tendencies in the country. Iraq is a Muslim nation with Arabic and
Kurdish as its official languages. As such, Islamic holidays are celebrated.

Lesson 6: The Literature of Iran

Activity 1
From the list of words given below. Choose those which you think to be synonymous or closest in meaning
to the underlined words. Write the synonym on the blank after each number.

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Painful
Male horse
Negative response
Female horse
Strength
Languid
Opponent
Foal
Cessation
Diminishing
Unusual
Beg
Painful 1. Sohrab and Rustum is a poignant story of a son and father.
Foal 2. Rustum prepared his noose to take the colt.
Beg 3. Tamineh implore not to seek for Sohrab`s father.
Negative Response 4. ‘Nay, said the other, It was not thou, but the name of Rustum that unmanned me.
Deminishing5. Sohrab`s strength is ebbing fast.
Opponent 6. Rustum have fought with many a foe.
Languid 7. The hero was found sitting listless at his meal.
Strength 8. Rustum may never hear of thy prowess.
Cessation 9. Come, let there be a truce between us two
Unusual 10. The opposing host looked with awe upon the unwonted.

Activity 2
Discussion Question: Answer the following questions as called for.
1. Why did the author say that Rustum had a wondrous birth?
 The author described the birth of Rustom as wondrous because he was born in this world full of
smiles and happiness. His birth is wondrous because he had been like his father, a warrior, the
strongest and bravest among them all.

2. Why did Rustum leave his wife, Tamineh?

 Rustom prioritized his city rather than his wife, Tamineh. He needs to go back to his abode for they
need him as one of the bravest warriors. He left his wife and could not take Tamineh because of
expectations. He had no guts to present his wife to his hometown because he did not wish that his
people should have known about his marriage.

3. Why did Tamineh tell Rustum that their child was a gift?
 Tamineh denied to Rustom that their child was a boy. She decided to tell Rustom that their child is
a girl because Rustom promised that he will take away if it is a boy. Tamineh was afraid that she
cannot be beside her son.

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Bangued, Abra
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4. Why did Sohrab request Piran-wisa to allow him to challenge the Persians to a single combat?
 Sohrab requested to fight with the Persian who is said to be Rustom because he is hoping that he
can see and unite with his long-lost father.

5. Why did Rustum not want to fight Sohrab? Would you agree to his idea? Why?
 As a man with bravery, I disagree with Rustom. I should fight whoever is my opponent unknowingly
his backgrounds. I will fight for my community and I will not base how old or how young he is. Age
does not matter. I will fight for the best and victory of my people.

6. In spite of this, why did the two finally face each other in deadly combat?
 The two heaviest warriors decided to face the challenge. They finally did it because of their words
to each other. Their bravery heads up their minds and make the arguments even hotter. They knew
that they were born and raised as warriors and to die in the battle fields.

7. Who was, after all, the great fighter? Support your answer
 I would consider Sohrab as the great fighter. No matter how old his opponent is, he decided to fight
for his group. He wants to defend his bravery as he were born courageous. He sacrificed his life in
order to meet his father even in just a second left of his whole life. He made ways to prove that he
is the son of his opponent-Rostum.

8. What details does the author use to make the death of Sohrab very sad and tragic?
 The author used the family as warriors per se. Sohrab’s biological father killed him without
believing that he is his son. The father killed his own son is the most tragic moment that have been
concluded in the story

Activity 3
Discuss the following questions given below.
1. Commit stanza 12 to memory. What pleasures make up paradise on earth? How do they compare with
the three physical needs of people- food, clothing and shelter?
 Pleasure is the source of people’s happiness and joy here on earth. Simple things would make
everyone smile. Basic needs are the important things to have most especially this time of
pandemic. Needs and wants is very far from each other, that is why we need to compare and
analyze before we spent. Comparing the three physical needs of people mentioned in stanza 12,
foods and drinks are the best things to hand in and to prioritize. It fulfils everyone’s need in order to
live, feel, and enjoy the God-given gifts on earth

2. In stanza 66 what is the speaker`s concept of the location of heaven and hell? Must one be dead to
get to heaven? Explain.
 Based on stanza 66, it is not necessary for us to be dead in order to get or feel of being in heaven.
Ourselves itself is already a heaven. It is our responsibility to make it clean nor dirt. There may be

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times that we encounter things that would make us evil, for me, that is the essence of being a
creature of God, a true man. No man is an island. We commit sins sometimes, but our greatness in
doing good things is immeasurable.

3. What general impression do you get of the views of life and death expressed in Rubaiyat? What lines
show a pessimistic view?
 Life is full of adventure. It goes like roller coaster that could literally challenge your bravery. It has
too many challenges to be faced on. Living in this world is a privilege for we are here with different
purposes. We are here for a mission called for. Death is one of the worst things that could felt by
our families left. It degrades someone’s outlook in life for there are people who cannot fight the
frustration and depression that might occur after death. In stanza 66, it presents a pessimistic view.
We might be died, but we cannot go back to the life where we had before. We could go back but
we cannot interfere with other people physically. We can go back but we can only be felt through
our cultures and beliefs. We consider ourselves as heaven and hell for there are times that we
commit victory and sometimes we commit sins.

Lesson 7- Literature of the Middle East (continuation)

Activity 1
Match each of the following italicized words with the list of possible meanings on column B. Write your
answers on the blanks before each number.

Column A Column B
A. Scamp
B. Wish
Literature 2 – World Literature C. Old English
D. Lost
E. Among
F. There
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D 1. Tither
I 2. Quoth he
E 3. Amid the crowd
B 4. I fain would rest
H 5. Coming hither
G 6. Solitary desert
K 7. Bewildered
K 8. Perplex
A 9. Rascal
J 10. Clamor

Activity 2
Answer the following questions as called for.
1. What was the main problem discovered by the Arab upon his arrival at Baghdad?
 To go to another place is exciting, but it has corresponding circumstances. The main problem I
understood is wherever you go in this world you might encounter unknown places. The Arab was
not familiar with the place that is why he felt he was lost.

2. How did he solve the problem?

 For every problem there is always solution. After a very tiring and had difficult times, he slept first
and when he woke up, he saw a man having troubled with the same case as his. They talked to
each other and planned to help each of them to cope up with their dilemma. Thus, they can use
their own ways and collaborate it and put it into action for a better solution.

3. Do you think it was right for the pranksters to play such a joke on the Arab? Support your answer.
 Joke is very harmful sometimes. It might hurt one’s side when it is unethically understood. With the
case of the Arab, it is not right to play a prank. The Arab had no idea on the place. So, If I were the
people who supposed to prank him, I will think a million times. It is not good to make jokes that
would result in to burden. The person is not looking for fun, but looking for a person who can help
him. I will just help him to find the place he is looking for rather to make things more complicated on
Arab’s side.

4. Did the situation describe in the poem happened to you? Where? How it happened?
 Thankfully, I did not yet encounter such thing over my life. It is good to have sense of ideas when it
comes to handling with this situation. I am just that man with an observant attitude and trying to
understand things gradually to make a good conclusion. I am also that kind of person trying to get
an information with veracity and factual. In this world, there may be foolish people, but a person
with the greatest faith in God, nothing will happen to you negatively.

Literature 2 – World Literature