QUEEN OF PEACE HIGH SCHOOL OF CANAN, INC.

Canan, La Paz, Abra

LEARNING PLAN IN SCIENCE 8

Content:
Types of Waves
Content Standards:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

Performance Standards:
The learners shall be able to:

Learning Competency:
The learners should be able to;

Reference:
https://byjus.com/physics/types-of-waves/

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Preliminary
Prayer
Lord God…. Amen Amen!

Greetings
Good _____, class. Good ____, sir!
Classroom Management
Checking of Attendance
Reading of Learning Competencies:
The learners should be able to;

Explore:
Video clips of surfing and boating After watching,
the teacher will solicit the concept of waves from the
video.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcsMk4NYAkY

What did you notice from the short video clip that
you all watched? Possible answers:
- People are swimming.
- They are at a beach.
 QUEEN OF PEACE HIGH SCHOOL OF CANAN, INC.
Canan, La Paz, Abra

- The boat is surfing from a wave.

- The waves of from the sea are big.
Very Good! All of your answers are correct. You all have
a keen observation about that short video clip.

Transition Message:

Discussion:
A wave transmits information or energy from one
point to another in the form of signals, but no
material object makes this journey. The frequency
of a wave is obtained by including a factor of time in
the mix. We are completely dependent on waves for
all of our wireless communications.

For example, if you make a call to your friend in

another city with your mobile phone, the entire
communication is happening via audio, but the
entire process of transmission of a signal from the
talker to the receiver occurs as a waveform. The
phone converts your voice into an electrical signal
which then propagates either through copper wires
or through antennae in wireless communication.

A wave is a flow or transfer of energy in the form of

oscillation through a medium – space or mass. Sea
waves or tides, a sound we hear, a photon of light
traveling, and even the movement of small plants
blown by the wind are all examples of different
waves. A simple wave illustration is as follows.

Types of Waves in Physics

Different types of waves have different sets of

characteristics. Based on the orientation of particle
motion and direction of energy, there are three
categories:

 Mechanical waves
 Electromagnetic waves
 QUEEN OF PEACE HIGH SCHOOL OF CANAN, INC.
Canan, La Paz, Abra

 Matter waves

Mechanical Wave

 A mechanical wave is a wave that is an

oscillation of matter and is responsible for
the transfer of energy through a medium.
 The distance of the wave’s propagation is
limited by the medium of transmission. In
this case, the oscillating material moves
about a fixed point, and there is very little
translational motion. One intriguing property
of mechanical waves is the way they are
measured, which is given by displacement
divided by the wavelength. When this
dimensionless factor is 1, it generates
harmonic effects; for example, waves break
on the beach when this factor exceeds 1,
resulting in turbulence.
There are two types of mechanical waves:

Longitudinal waves – In this type of wave, the

movement of the particles is parallel to the motion
of the energy, i.e. the displacement of the medium
is in the same direction in which the wave is
moving. Example – Sound Waves, Pressure
Waves.

Characteristics of Longitudinal Waves

 Compression

 In a longitudinal wave, compression is a region

in which the particles of the wave are closest to
each other.

 Rarefaction

 Rarefaction in a longitudinal wave takes place

when the particles are farthest apart from each
other.

 Wavelength

 The distance between two consecutive points in

a longitudinal wave is known as wavelength.
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Canan, La Paz, Abra

These consecutive points can be between two

compressions or between two rarefactions.

 Amplitude

 Amplitude is the maximum displacement of the

particle from its rest point. In a longitudinal
wave, the distance from the equilibrium position
in the medium to compression or rarefaction is
the amplitude.

 Period and Frequency

 The time taken by the wave to move one

wavelength is known as the period.
The frequency of the longitudinal wave is the
number of wavelengths per second.

Transverse waves – When the movement of the

particles is at right angles or perpendicular to the
motion of the energy, then this type of wave is
known as a transverse wave. Some examples of
transverse waves are the ripples on the surface of
water, vibrations on a guitar string, and
electromagnetic waves such as light.

Water waves are an example of a combination of

both longitudinal and transverse motions.
Difference Between Longitudinal and Transverse
Wave

Longitudinal Wave Transverse Wave

A wave that moves in the A wave that moves in

direction of its the direction
propagation perpendicular to its
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Canan, La Paz, Abra

propagation

A sound wave is an Water waves are an

example of a longitudinal example of a transverse
wave wave

It is made of refractions It is made of troughs

and compressions and crests

This wave can be

This wave can be
produced in any medium
produced in solid and
such as gas, liquid or
liquid’s surface
solid

 Surface waves – In this type, the particles

travel in a circular motion. These waves
usually occur at interfaces. Waves in the
ocean and ripples in a cup of water are
examples of such waves.

Electromagnetic Wave

 Electromagnetic waves are created by a fusion

of electric and magnetic fields. The light you
see, and the colors around you are visible
because of electromagnetic waves.
 One interesting property here is that, unlike
mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves do
not need a medium to travel. All
electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum
at the same speed, 299,792,458 ms-1.
Following are the different types of electromagnetic
waves:

 Microwaves
 X-ray
 Radio waves
 Ultraviolet waves

Difference Between Mechanical Wave and Non-

Mechanical Wave
 QUEEN OF PEACE HIGH SCHOOL OF CANAN, INC.
Canan, La Paz, Abra

Mechanical Waves vs Non-Mechanical Waves

Mechanical Wave Non-Mechanical Wave

Mechanical waves are Non-mechanical waves

waves that need a are waves that do not
medium for propagation. need any medium for
propagation.

Sound waves, water The electromagnetic

waves and seismic wave is the only non-
waves are some mechanical wave.
examples of mechanical
waves.

Mechanical waves Non-mechanical waves

cannot travel through a can travel through a
vacuum vacuum

Generalization:
1. What is a wave? A wave is a flow or transfer of energy in the
form of oscillation through a medium – space
or mass.

2. What are the types of waves? Types of Waves

 Mechanical waves
 Electromagnetic waves
 Matter waves

3. Can mechanical waves travel through a No, mechanical waves cannot travel through
vacuum? a vacuum.

4. What are non-mechanical waves?

Waves that do not need any medium for
propagation are known as non-mechanical
waves.
5. What are the types of mechanical waves?
Types of mechanical waves are:
 Longitudinal waves
 Transverse waves

Deepening:
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Canan, La Paz, Abra

Transfer
Valuing:

Evaluation:

Assignment: