Design of Steel Structures – I

Unit 6- Flexural Members

L2- Laterally Unrestrained
Beams

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 Lateral Torsional Buckling

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 INTRODUCTION

Excessive bending
triggering collapse
Lateral torsional
buckling of long beams
Failure occurs by a combination of which are not suitably
lateral deflection and twist. braced in the lateral
The proportions of the beam, support direction.(i.e. “un
restrained” beams)
conditions and the way the load is
applied are all factors, which affect
similar to the Euler
failure by lateral torsional buckling
buckling of columns
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 Unrestrained beams that are loaded in their stiffer planes
may undergo lateral torsional buckling.

The prime factors that influence the buckling strength of

beams are:
 the un braced span,
 cross sectional shape,
 type of end restraint and
 the distribution of moment.

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 Effective length
The effect of end support conditions is taken into account by way
of a parameter called effective length .

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 The critical bending moment capacity attained by a
symmetric I beam subjected to equal end moments
undergoing lateral torsional buckling between points of
lateral or torsional support is a function of two torsional
characteristics of the specific cross-section:
1) Pure torsional resistance under uniform torsion
2) Warping torsional resistance

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 LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING AS STIPULATED
IN IS: 800:
Note : Beam With Uniform Bending

standard rolled I-sections and welded doubly symmetric I-sections

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 • The design bending strength of laterally
unsupported beam as governed by lateral
torsional buckling is given by:

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 αLT, the imperfection parameter is given by:
αLT = 0.21 for rolled steel section
αLT = 0.49 for welded steel section

The non-dimensional slenderness ratio, λLT, is given by

Mcr = elastic critical moment to be
calculated as per 8.2.2.1

fcr ,b = extreme fibre bending

compressive stress corresponding
to elastic lateral buckling moment
(8.2.2.1, Table 8.1)
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 Numerical Examples

1. Check the adequacy of ISMB 450 to carry a uniformly

distributed load of 24 kN / m over a span of 6 m. Both ends
of the beam are attached to the flanges of columns by
double web cleat.

Assume
fy = 250 N/mm2,
E=200000 N/mm2,
γm = 1.10

For the end conditions given, it is assumed that the beam is simply supported in a
vertical plane, and at the ends the beam is fully restrained against lateral deflection
and twist with, no rotational restraint in plan at its ends.

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 Depth, h = 450 mm
Width, B = 150 mm
Web thickness, tw = 9.4 mm
Flange thickness, tf = 17.4 mm

Depth between flanges, d = 379.2 mm

Radius of gyration about minor axis, ry = 30.1 mm
Plastic modulus about major axis, Zp = 1533.36 x 103 mm3

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 References

• S K Duggal Limit state design of Steel

Structures
• INSDAG – Teaching Materials
• IIT Madras Steel design lecture

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