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Section 2: Câu phức, Câu phức ghép

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Exercise 1: Điền các từ dưới đây vào chỗ trống phù hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau
Lưu ý: 1 từ có thể được điền vào nhiều chỗ trống khác nhau

phụ thuộc độc lập tính ngữ Câu phức ghép

Câu phức trạng ngữ danh ngữ phụ thuộc

a. ___________ được tạo ra từ một mệnh đề ___________ và ít nhất là một mệnh đề ___________

b. Có 3 kiểu mệnh đề phụ thuộc thường xuất hiện trong câu phức.
Mệnh đề ___________ sẽ đưa ra thông tin về nơi chốn, thời gian, lý do, phương tiện thực hiện
hoạt động. Mệnh đề này thường bắt đầu với các liên từ ___________ như when, while, because,
although, if, so, that.
Mệnh đề ___________ đóng vai trò như tính từ, thường bắt đầu bằng các đại từ quan hệ như
who, whom, which, whose, that hoặc các trạng từ quan hệ như where hoặc when.
Mệnh đề ___________, thường bắt đầu với các từ để hỏi wh-, that, whether hoặc if.

c. ___________ bao gồm ít nhất là 3 mệnh đề, ít nhất 2 trong số đó là các mệnh đề độc lập.

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Exercise 2: Xác định kiểu mệnh đề của phần in đậm trong các câu phức dưới đây

Although women in the United States could own property, they could not vote until 1920.

A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ

B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

Men who are not married are called bachelors.

A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ

B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

That there is a hole in the ozone layer of Earth’s atmosphere is well known

A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ

B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

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What governments should do is to create policies to support businesses

A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ

B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

There has been a dramatic increase in cases where people are infected with the virus.

A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ

B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

A citizen can vote in the United States when he or she is 18 years old

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A. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ
B. Mệnh đề tính ngữ
C. Mệnh đề danh ngữ

Whether if Which
What Though That

It is a personal choice ___________ students should work and study at the same time or not.

Many medicines would not exist ___________ animal testing were banned

There are a number of drawbacks for Facebook users ___________ it is one of the most
common social networking platforms for both individuals and businesses.

Another benefit of online news reporting is ___________ smartphones now enable journalists to
publish text, photos, or video wherever they are, ___________ means it is easier to record
something at the scene.

___________ few people know is that a mug of coffee contains more caffeine than an energy
drink

Exercise 4: Chọn câu đúng ngữ pháp trong mỗi cặp câu sau

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A. The reason because working from home becomes popular is that it allows flexibility
B. The reason why working from home becomes popular was that it allows flexibility

A. I would like to live in the country which there is plenty of sunshine

B. I would like to live in the country where there is plenty of sunshine

A. Many people believe that we have developed into a “throw-away society” (throw-away
society: xã hội vứt bỏ)
B. Many people believe what we have developed into a “throw-away society”

A. There has been an increase in the demand of analysts whose major is data mining
(data mining: khai thác dữ liệu)
B. There has been an increase in the demand of analysts their major is data mining

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A. Whether universities should provide students with practical skills or academic
knowledge is a big issue
B. If universities should provide students with practical skills or academic knowledge is a
big issue

Exercise 5: Viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý trong ngoặc
The pandemic is spreading. The temperature is dropping. It is necessary to raise awareness
about the importance of healthcare. (Because)
=> ___________, it is necessary to raise awareness about the importance of healthcare.

Most companies do not need robots. They need creative people who can contribute ideas
(What)
=> ___________, but creative people who can contribute ideas

Mobile phones bring more harm than good to us. This has caused a debate. (whether)
=> ___________ has caused a debate.

When traveling by bus is no longer uncomfortable, people want to use public transport. This
means reducing the number of private cars. (which)
=> When traveling by bus is no longer uncomfortable, people want to use public transport,
___________

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The young get used to remaining at their parents' home but there is a trend that the young live
independently of their parents. (Although)
=> ___________, there is a trend that the young live independently of their parents.

Exercise 6: Chọn từ thích hợp dưới đây để điền vào mỗi chỗ trống trong đoạn trả lời cho đề
IELTS Writing sau:
“Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What are the
causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle
the issue?”

Though - Which - because - whether - on the other hand - for instance - therefore

Scientists say global warming is already a reality; ___________, they say we can still prevent the
situation from getting a lot worse, so it is important we continue to make a big effort to be
environmentally friendly and reduce pollution levels. Though much has been done to tackle the
problem, more effort is needed on the part of ordinary individuals and government, not to
mention business. ___________ we now recycle more of our waste than ever before, many
reusable and recyclable items are still thrown away. ___________ people need to be encouraged
to recycle more, education is extremely important. Besides, recycling is just a part of the
solution, not the complete answer. The recycling process itself produces some pollution,
___________ is unavoidable; ___________, 80% of paper now is recycled in the UK after trees are

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cut down. It produces less than starting from the beginning does; ___________, in spite of
___________ you recycle your paper or not, if you are wasteful in the way you use it, you are
causing more pollution.

Exercise 7: Điền đại từ/ từ để hỏi thích hợp để hoàn thành đoạn trả lời cho mỗi đề IELTS
Writing sau
Lưu ý: Không điền quá 1 từ cho mỗi ô trống.

a. Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think
that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer?

b. Some believe that students should be taught how to compete while others say that they
should be taught to work in a team. What is your opinion?

a. Firstly, it is undeniable that qualified teachers ___________ receive special training on teaching
can bring the best knowledge. For example, ___________ some students learn better through
discussion of topics, others learn better by writing about it. It is a teacher that can design
suitable lessons for different styles of students, ___________ will raise their capacity.

b. It is not certain ___________ children should learn to compete or work with other people to
become a good citizen. In my view, both are necessary attitudes ___________ children should
have. ___________ is more important is to teach children how and when to apply either skill in an
appropriate way.

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