1.

Ad hominem - overtly attacking somebody, or more subtly casting doubt on their

character or personal attributes as a way to win

On August 24, 2020 Vice President Leni Robredo addressed the nation regarding

various issues. On the other hand, actress Vivian Velendez’s attention was particularly

drawn to the Vice President’s appearance.

“The worst political branding… it’s so fake. Obviously, they want to make her

look smarter (kasi nga boba) with those glasses on and books on the table, not to

mention the color choice of her outfit. Ano ‘to, shooting? Playing ‘the president’ daw

sya?”
 1. Gaslighting - the manipulator is trying to get someone else (or a group of people) to
question their own reality, memory, or perceptions.

Christine Collins: He's not my son.

Capt. J.J. Jones: Mrs. Collins...

Christine Collins: No, I don't know why he's saying that he is, but he's not Walter and
there's been a mistake.

Capt. J.J. Jones: I thought we agreed to give him time to adjust.

Christine Collins: He's three inches shorter; I measured him on the chart.

Capt. J.J. Jones: Well, maybe your measurements are off. Look, I'm sure there's a
reasonable explanation for all of this.

Christine Collins: He's circumcised and Walter isn't.

Capt. J.J. Jones: Mrs. Collins, your son was missing for five months, for at least part of that
time in the company of an unidentified drifter. Who knows what such a disturbed
individual might have done. He could have had him circumcised. He could have...

Christine Collins: ...made him shorter?

3. Bandwagon - that is currently fashionable or popular and attracting increasing
support.

“Mega-dose vitamin C is a better vitamin C why? Again, the packaging is a lot better
and it’s a more concentrated and potent vitamin C”

“If there’s one thing you can drink.. for me its a mega-dose vitamin C. Especially if
your stress out, you have so many problems and you have low immune system.”

4. False equivalency - two completely opposing arguments appear to be logically

equivalent when in fact they are not.

“Hamster and bunnies should be kept in the same cage since they look the same.”
5. Red herring - something intended to divert attention from the real problem or
matter at hand; a misleading clue

(The main issue is BBM not having a degree, however instead of focusing on the issue he
misled the topic that real education is seen in behavior. Although it is related to the main
topic but it is not objective)

6. Equivocation -using words with ambiguous meanings to deceive or hide truths

"Advice is a dangerous gift, even from the wise to the

wise, and all courses may run ill."

- J. R. R. Tolkien