EDUC 316 - TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ELEM.

GRADES

LESSON 2:
SPEAKING
Discuss oral communication and
its advantages and
disadvantages
 DEFINE THE FOLLOWING:
Public Speaking Speaking Speech
Voice Communication

_____1. The imparting or exchanging of information or news.

_____2. The action of conveying information or expressing one's

thoughts and feelings in spoken language.

_____3. The sound produced in a person's larynx and uttered
through the mouth, as speech or song
_____4. A formal address or discourse delivered to an audience.
_____5. The process or act of performing a speech to a live
audience.

ORAL COMMUNICATION
Oral communication implies communication through
mouth. It includes individuals conversing with each
other, be it direct conversation or telephonic
conversation. Speeches, presentations, discussions
are all forms of oral communication. Oral
communication is generally recommended when the
communication matter is of temporary kind or where a
direct interaction is required. Face to face
communication (meetings, lectures, conferences,
interviews, etc.) is significant so as to build a rapport
and trust.

 ADVANTAGES OF ORAL
COMMUNICATION
There is high level of understanding There is no element of rigidity in oral
and transparency in oral communication. There is flexibility for
communication as it is interpersonal. allowing changes in the decisions

previously taken.

Oral communication is not only time The feedback is spontaneous in

saving, but it also saves upon money case of oral communication. Thus,
and efforts. decisions can be made quickly

without any delay

 ADVANTAGES OF ORAL
COMMUNICATION

Oral communication is best in case of Oral communication is an

problem resolution. The conflicts, disputes essential for teamwork and
and many issues/differences can be put to an group energy.
end by talking them over.

Oral communication promotes a Oral communication can be

receptive and encouraging morale best used to transfer private
among organizational employees. and confidential

information/matter.

 DISADVANTAGES OF ORAL
COMMUNICATION
Relying only on oral communication Oral communication is less
may not be sufficient as business authentic than written
communication is formal and very communication as they are
organized. informal and not as organized

as written communication.

Oral communication is time-saving as far as

daily interactions are concerned, but in case Oral communications are not
of meetings, long speeches consume lot of easy to maintain and thus they
time and are unproductive at times. are unsteady.

 DISADVANTAGES OF ORAL
COMMUNICATION

There may be misunderstandings as It requires attentiveness and

the information is not complete and great receptivity on part of the
may lack essentials. receivers/audience.

Oral communication (such as speeches) is

not frequently used as legal records except in
investigation work

LESSON 2.2
DETAIL
QUESTIONS
WHY ASK QUESTIONS?
WHY ASK QUESTIONS?
1. To obtain information
2. To help maintain control of a conversation
3. To express an interest in a person
4. To clarify a point.
5. To explore the personality and or difficulties
the other person may have.
6. To test knowledge
7. To encourage further thought
8. In group situations
 LESSON 2.3
RECOUNTING DETAILS
Recounting experience refers to recalling or
retelling an experience or event that has
already happened in the past.

5 TYPES OF RECOUNT
1. PERSONAL RECOUNT
2. FACTUAL / NEWSPAPER RECOUNT
3. IMAGINATIVE RECOUNT
4. PROCEDURAL RECOUNT
5. LITERARY RECOUNT
ELEMENTS OF
AN EFFECTIVE RECOUNT
STRUCTURE
ORIENTATION - Explain the who, what, when, where of the experience in
your introduction.

FOCUS - Only significant events are included

CHRONOLOGY - Events are described in the sequence in which they

occurred.

ORGANIZATION - Relevant information is grouped in paragraphs

INSIGHT - Include personal comments, opinions or interpretations of the

recounted experience or event.
ELEMENTS OF
AN EFFECTIVE RECOUNT
feature
TENSE - First and third person are used most frequently and recall is
always written in past tense. Present tense can be used for analysis and
opinion.

NOUNS - Use proper nouns to refer to specific people, places times and
events.

VOICE - Both active and passive voice are used in recounts.

CONNECTIVES - Use conjunctions and connectives to link events and

indicate time sequence.
LESSON 2.4
REPORTING
WHAT IS REPORTING?
REPORTING
An oral report is relating, telling, or
narrating of ideas about which the
student, as the reporter, has gathered
information. Reporting is used
frequently throughout the elementary
school years, sometimes quite informally
and at other times more formally.
INFORMAL ORAL
REPORTS
Informal oral reports are generally
characterized by small-group settings
with a high degree of audience
interaction and a relaxed manner of
delivery and dress.
FORMAL ORAL
REPORTS
A formal oral report is distinguished by its
adherence to an agreed-upon format or
outline. Formal oral reports are usually
prepared well in advance of presentation
and are therefore well rehearsed. Your
manner of delivery is extremely important
in a formal oral report situation.
PREPARING AN
EFFECTIVE REPORT
1. Organize your thoughts
2. Have a strong opening.
3. Define terms early.
4. Finish with a bang.
5. Design PowerPoint slides to introduce important information.
6. Time yourself.
7. Create effective notes for yourself.
8. Practice, practice, practice.
 LESSON 2.5
STANDARD
ENGLISH RULES

Standard English is accepted as

the "correct" form of English, used
in formal speaking or writing. In
primary school children are
expected to learn to write
according to the rules of Standard
English.

Standard English is the variety of

English which is used, with minor
regional and national variations, as
a world language.

The aim of the national curriculum

is that everyone should be able to
use Standard English as needed in
writing and in relatively formal
speaking.
RECAP
WHAT DID I LEARN?