classmate

05/22
PRINCIPLE FJNHEK) IANCE AND
VARIATION
Hexediiy Q4d 6LenLdiLs
Genelics is Hhe cludy httíiaciple aud meclhaishas
2hoedidy aud vastialieiu
Grteg0Jonan Mendel_als0 Catled Eadlnc o
Genaifes
Anheritauce ot hMLditu fsa acesA au dlaicl

AIOHha gencMOditu
Lcods Ho he_VaLía-lia1A

Gene= anic ghuGHuNal unit oinheritance

9Gei etd encOdes a Clhatad i n Hétt nuuclOtide

N base
N boLse x Plhesblio YS
Peutbse suga
uine Pyrinaidiue

AllelL z 10o ophbsable o CeLasing uiL_24cKS

is knon a allele

A
2OR
ALA

COutrasfing palju
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A
i s foxwn)
Coupl orm

055 ing ove

A
TYanaan
B riepulsfnfcrm

FoMA alelu
HOVO ZygQus allel
Denaivaut tOLn i ) Recesive fann
AILA

HeenZug0usHubxid -loxnm

Alla
LociA baticula boin gon hen
ailelis _asLoccled

Vasuiadio
Cause DCHOSSiMg OveHZ Kecoualbiuaiiata
i Mudadieia
H)Keshuing eied o qucs O
ChoWN0K.VNe

Voniadienu
Somadogenic ste rtia Lftne
Acauined lnheiHed
Ey Btdy eigi ex-KoLliLG
pattlexv baldness,
Aache
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Dafe
Poge

Seluclion E a
Peo asMAMI is-in Cenlusting chatardez
FLCesGhb eubollinadie asaeLL_Cu
COA DLlinaditn
u) 41 is Aadtit posiblo io_otilicialu ChtOS paltiacde
1 p e talu hylid ihur pxoducea_LL

Mende lian CHOSS

MODhy brid CHOSS
Singk pai
TCLAea blauel Ziauhea plavd

Gjawne-lic Meiosis
Gameles
T

TIlt

T
T TIlT TIIt genULOti
GHaLu) (Hau)
TIL
Hau)

PhanpHype- TaluAwd
31
qenolypeTall Hyhrid all2iaa
1 2
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Ttoeih e/ opposabie chatacleu

( wMiyklo0 gueevn
KY Y) (1114y)-Pqeuanalifin)

EgengLulion

RY

RYRY Y 19
RY RRNY RRYy KYY
RRXaurykngy
Y MNYY y

PheoHypicKound yellaua:Koundwtinkled htiaklu

Heen yetlo gHeen
3
CenotapiRRYY KRY
RRYY 1 KrYy 1 tYY1
RRYy2
YY
 classMAte
Dofe

eu-lue Ii 1 2 1:2:1

92Sackcaoss AMO les) C045

TXTT
b a c k c1055
(fi osping is Cr0sseo
1 x At botevtlal deminavtl 0
O teuul al recessive kntw
03 back C10Ss)

Tes C 0S.5 0spriug i Ctbssed wilh havrevtal

ttecess vVe

AUL 1cs Ct0ss 0 back Ciuoss/oud all back

dn mobnybvid est Citoss xaiio 11

An dihyoxid Hesi Ca0sadío, 1 1:11

ReviadieA Meudelism-
ncopblede_dominance =
9 Mixeo chataciexs pxOduuced

Ked uiHe
(RR) Pquraticu
1amees P
nLratit
Rr 9enorotiot
Pink
PR 618 : 12:1
RR
ted (ed) (Pink)
(Pink)(while
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EXAL les Mirobtlis iolaha40clockàplayu

AndulaCea fhal, Snabd 0atbhue

e a allels a n i devaivnalt e
pLescv pgelne_ae ade Medindé is

HsLmbLis hHM_bamed1
- AB hlood grouh MN blm rUb
Caad colouH-Kaan Cet ceiou

MuHiple allelism- In alleles an xesu

NOMe obod_ qYaLb Plheudupic

Ceymbiuadicu CAnbiLi
A
TTAT
B

AB AB

Ama bossM mdeHO zy q0WS B blood Artpniais

LObrman hich posseSA_AOn0 Zugous
Bloud gxouh of tfavns
 BBTT bblt PgeAtiCL

BT 8TL bt bt-Gamms P
QcLLLL ticn

BbTBbT

B BtbT bt BT Bt bT bt kaimeiez
gdLTCdiGL

8T B bT t
BT BBTT BBT BbTT
-

bTB6TTBbT BbbTbTE
bt BbTABbt bbIT bbii

Plaenitybic taio 93 3L
CEnmpLme ndau4 gen e c 4 Huld Qeincs OY
hrtes evd n
dilexeML LOCUA aMd bx aduute lhe
Same elecbud iniexaCH Ho ona ML
Yoi ahe u prese vi toaHne

Kalio91 (2enminad £pisiatis)

gevLes i hich oi ye q 0 e phedut peduce

aud -c Seceud pxoduces is iect

s i u s fon vivg_
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Kaclio9:3;4 (Kecessive epictafis

Rules DinhiHance wo g0nus
NuMbet
d i e yl 44pesAameics avae
No D dilernevAl_u0-lupes_boduced (3)
u)Alo o di{eMeAd bhentyhe broduced (2
Mouohubid OHOS3
M-1
AlDLS gameies oanmed=2
o)Ald uauhes3
NO blhenD-iupes

lnuid crOSs=
NoS Qameies lome=2=4
bAl0s genoiybes =3 9
C)No.S phenoubes
Trny brid crt045
m3
No5 D qameles foHwned
b)Alos 0 genctyhes 2
AO.5 0 phenolypes
 clasSMALte
cte

AE aloc

AB ABC
Ab AbC
OBC aBC
ab
AB AB
Ab Abc
Linkoge evdeucy of Hwo genes locaded f sae
chyombso Ve

CTLDS&VL4 over S tevg lh

fvkage Lnkuge 4s lance blu
evgl
CribsivngCvet Recombina
ional
Ateyue nCY

Lin kage

CErnplete fukage Inconn plele lnkege

He 100 hat emlal MoMe V.u mhet Daeial
GLApE_P10duced ud may lype eccbivncaul 9P
t oduced
u nOM-batenlol ype
ttduce
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2nd

3rtd _

Recombinaifein dveaLency Tree poind cxassing averyE

Panenlal ype

OIS O
-8A0o
A b b Non p2L
O BC
b
BC eCembir
ube
Keco mbinacl Yeoyuenuy=01a Cr0ssave up
APLAelien
TolA bartevela b /
eneioiM
x-
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Date

SVn

ot GV

SCO DCO
biV SV bVa sVn
bt va svwn
btVa SVnt bt v bt S4

bt Ben NazIA winas

V VesHiqeal aivLas aLL too small Ho be
Keen_aiHh nakeð ues)
SV havenBris-leLoss iings)

Plciodxmpu
PhenlKeionuia Sicklo cell Anaemio
PK) 7.Audoscmal teeAsive Audoseuaal recessive
Hation

NorMal CAsE AbnoHMMal (Stngtu

Phuvnyl alanive Phe Nounal RBCchange
hase
(Phe) Muladiov (BiconcON u Stckiu
PAH MoKMal Hb) *) Shapet-
Phenyl (HH
alonine y70sine HAH)
d roxyla B 3 45
CPAH) gene
AG
uOsinelTAT) MelLoni Glwtamic Valine)
Tyyosivase No bigmen Acid)
MeLani Hadíbn in hai A U(Kase sub[di
- -Iuelisu)
4eLhe ivn On kivn
biqvevd adicu
mevclol
HH>CanienNodurally-
seucled gevolue
telandaieAFoN sickle shaped
LDo Op CoYyíng cabciy
KBCsiisokseu {7agi
 cASSMALe
Date

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Sex delexaiAadie

Name a Animals Tybe Kex deieH AÍnadin

yHuman XX XY
1 ArOSDbluila XX-XKY
n ass hopbet XX- XO
iv
Bird ZZ-ZW
V
Burlel ZZ-7D
VHovMey bee ablo diplodC
AHheaDqeALÍS
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Pag

Oz]0622/

H1evney hee Gx delerwinadicu

Femalk 2n) MalL
n32
Meiosis Migsis
M=1 M-16

Panlheuoq.e- Qn=432 Zugole)

-esis unspecitied
When atven_Hauak ielky> Nucen
Hersil-
when_given bee hxad loxken

Pantheuo qone-sugs ane praducedAxova

Dneniilisedovum uiluaud ertilisaticu.
lablo-diplovic the
NOTE rLags laopher Gex dedernainatiu-

4A AXX
024A + X0
 pity

Mulalion 41 a sudden h unye b

haue bui o DNA n chr0mU.40V1
Vuucublide

Chtnvgiv in gnend
Changivg n seis o
thrthmtm
olAune in
a

Aneuploid ublidy
AGpin o Addiliov b
ChYOYV 40M
ChroMDSDWMe
hu mbe
sowy (t1)
Movnosomy n)
Tetasomy n12)
Nulliso wmy n-2)

Mene plofdy Polyplnidy

T-Aloluid
n Tnipbid
n Teroploid
b Peylaploid Audo polyploidy Allo pouypluidy
Same þecies
asff.epecie
Chromo0mal Hendelian
disonde disoder
4oCCuS duu. to e 41 oCcuH dueo he
akvotwal ynapi abnotwolheAviOuJr
wMo diunctiov alel
4 Can be idendi fed 41 can he idevelitieo
Hhrovgh axvnioreutesis mongh pedtgee avayais
 clasSMAte

Mcndetian dísordet

Audastval Sex chromosomal

alasseVi o Colout blivdnes
ue lo mutadion
LCcessi v disovde hclo psin prcteio ti
eyovos0me wmbet
11 auud 1G
Retina etnaisls d
ChoAds OVMme 1|-ThalassCmia-B. upeso ces>
Rod ceLLs
SCLLsHLsptUible (tune Cells (Muiadie
Ck- Mucdadieu_o HBBi OCCULS
MAdatie1 LeadsH
Ch-1 Muladio e HBA Prtotavchia (Red ctleur
u HBAZ gevne ekblindness)
nke eudereuapiaGten ctle
HudceieLL-glehin chain U blinduness
Aacnu Qlelin TrHenohia(Bu
Colou alivnd ess)>
Muclaliatu t-qltain Auins enMal
Chainiaenuatohin Haemnbhilia/BlkLdgs
SunpicnMA disease JLHO
RBCbecevmes aqil
f e dep0sits Bo ia spleon.
uAd live Facdor Vit Adi +aen
GhlcLOMeg au OCCUNS -hilicacian (AHE)>Cauu
Haenephilia A
PKU CPhwnyl kedovwtia) tu Pacden Cl istas
Sickle Ce avae mia acHo Couisés leeni
-1fa 6 (Koyals 4aeielai,
factat XL PlaS HLa n
mbopLastiv AvedecedCel
(PTA) Alaenehi Lta
Aclusomal
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