CULTURE & SOCIETY: THE PERSPECTIVES OF

ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

(A)1. explain the anatomy of culture in terms of its elements,

construction, forms, characteristics and importance;
(M) 2. examine the importance of cultural relativism that
mitigates ethnocentrism; and
(T) 3. perform news article analysis that examines the culture
of the Agnesians
Provinces Language Food Festival City Landmarks Known People
ALBAY Sa’din ka adun? Pinangat Karagumoy Polangui Cagsawa Ruins Lagman

CAM SUR Mayo na si Suman sa ibos

Kaogma Libmanan
Basilica of
Villafuerte
sugok Penafrancia
CAM NORTE
Bakin kaya di
naglayog an
gamgam ni Pandecillos Pulang Daga-The
Pabirik Daet Tallado
Pedro maski Paracale Bay
mayong kandado
si hawla?

CATANDUANES Mauli na ako sa

Umba Catandungan Puraran Binurong Point Cua
halong

SORSOGON Kabayhon mo si
Pili Kasanggayahan Pilar Bulusan Lake Escudero
Liza

MASBATE Nano ini? Amu Pastillas de

Rodeo Aroroy Buntod Coral Reef Espinosa
ina. leche
WHAT IS CULTURE?
 It refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs,
values, attitudes, meanings, religion, and material objects and possessions
acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through
individual and group striving.
 It is a cultivated behavior; that is the totality of a person's learned,
accumulated experience which is socially transmitted, or more briefly,
behavior through social learning.
WHAT IS CULTURE?

“a way of life of a person/group of people”

Language, Customs, Food, Beliefs, Festivals, Religion,
Cities/Municipalities, Behavior & Values, Known Material and Non material culture
people, Rituals, Landmark

Elements of Culture Forms of Culture

ASPECTS OF
CULTURE
Characteristics of Culture Functions of Culture
1.Culture defines situations.
Culture is learned, shared and 2.Culture defines attitudes, values and goals.
transmitted from generation to 3.Culture defines myths, legends and the supernatural.
generation 4.Culture provides behavior patterns.
 ANATOMY OF CULTURE
The WHAT The How
-components/ elements -how you came to
-forms imbibe them/ refers to
the process of
transmission and
circulation
-characteristics of culture
ANTHROPOLOGY
The Why
-an explanation of its
performance (if a
behavior seem to be
natural to you or why
you believe it if it is a
belief)
-the functions of culture
SOCIOLOGY
 Culture
Shock

Cultural Enculturation
relativism

Culture

Ethnocentrism Xenophobia

Xenocentrism
SELF CHECK: POLL TIME
 Identify the following key term being referred to each situation.
 FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
IDENTIFY THE KEY TERM BEING REFERRED TO BY THE FF. SITUATIONS:

 If someone is used to a fast-paced lifestyle, it may seem foreign to devote such a large portion
of the day to dining. (culture shock)
 They say if you move somewhere where the people have an accent, you will eventually pick the
accent up yourself. (enculturation)
 Teachers and teaching patterns may lead to discrimination of the learners. (ethnocentrism)
 Among the lumads or the mountain dwellers of the Philippines, one can sometimes see bare-
breasted women going about their tasks without embarrassment or no thought of sexual
suggestion. (cultural relativism)
 During World War II, Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians were segregated from the
population and lost basic rights and liberties. (xenophobia)
 The belief that other countries produce better children's toys. (xenocentrism)
 IMPORTANT KEY TERMS IN UNDERSTANDING CULTURE

CULTURE SHOCK XENOPHOBIA

It is the term we use to describe
the feelings of confusion and
uncertainty that are experienced
when you come into contact
with a culture that is vastly
different from your own.
It refers to the fear of that which is
different, foreign, or strange.
Xenophobia is an irrational and
unreasoned fear. The origin of the
word comes from the Greek for
“fear,” “phobos” and the Greek for
“stranger,” “xenos.”
ETHNOCENTRISM
It is the view that one's own culture
is better than anyone else's culture.
As a practice, it consists of evaluating
other cultures from the perspective
of one's own.

ENCULTURATION
XENOCENTRISM
It refers to the process through CULTURAL RELATIVISM
It is a culturally based tendency to
which we learn about the culture we It is the principle of regarding the
value other cultures more highly than
live in. Through enculturation, we beliefs, values, and practices of a
one’s own, which can materialize in a
learn what behaviors, values, language, culture from the viewpoint of that
variety of different ways. It relies on
and morals are acceptable in our culture itself.
the fascination of others’ culture.
society.
 CULTURE AND ITS IMPORTANT KEY TERMS

Culture Shock to Enculturation

Ethnocentrism to Cultural Relativism
Xenophobia to Xenocentrism
 DEFINING CULTURE & SOCIETY FROM THE
PERSPECTIVES OF ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY
SYNTHESIS
ANATOMY OF CULTURE & SOCIETY

ANTHROPOLOGY The WHAT and THE HOW Society as an avenue to understand how
-components, elements and forms of people live and how they make their lives
culture meaningful
-how you came to imbibe them/ refers to (Symbolic Interactionism Theory)
the process of transmission and
circulation

SOCIOLOGY The Why Society as a social product, created by

-an explanation of its performance (if a human beings and capable of being
behavior seems to be natural to you or changed by them as well
why you believe it if it is a belief) (Structural Functionalism and Conflict
Theory)
CULTURE AND SOCIETY

 Culture and society work hand in hand.

The physical appearance of the phone
or hardware is the society and the
applications on it is the culture. A
phone will not work unless you install
applications on it.
 A society can’t stand alone with culture
and vice versa.
CULTURE & SOCIETY: THE PERSPECTIVES OF
ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY
THAT IN ALL THINGS GOD MAY BE GLORIFIED!