COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

Do-It-Yourself ARDUINO Uno

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in the Course

CpE 321 Microprocessor

For the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

Submitted by:

Ans Kaye M. Mustasa

BSCpE - III

Submitted to:

Engr. Arnold F. Reano

Instructor I
 COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

I. OVERVIEW

The Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use

hardware and software used to build electronics projects. All Arduino boards have one
thing in common which is a microcontroller. A microcontroller is basically a really small
computer.
With the Arduino, you can design and build devices that can interact with your
surroundings. The Arduino boards are basically a tool for controlling electronics. They are
able to read inputs with their onboard microcontroller (eg. Light on a sensor, an object
near a sensor) and turn it into an output (Drive a motor, ring an alarm, turning on an LED,
display information on an LCD).
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday
objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students,
hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-
source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible
knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for
advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it to
build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to get
started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build interactive
prototypes, musicians and artists use it for installations and to experiment with new
musical instruments. Makers, of course, use it to build many of the projects exhibited at
the Maker Faire, for example.
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II. MATERIALS
The following material are being used in making DIY Arduino Uno:

 Matrix Board

Matrix boards are prototype circuit boards used for laying out
electrical components securely, and can be used for both high
frequency and analogue circuit building.
When using a matrix board, electrical parts are soldered together and
joined with tinned copper wire.

 28 pin Dip IC Socket

A dip socket is a dual in-line package (DIP or DIL), is an

electronic component package with a rectangular housing and two
parallel rows of electrical connecting pins. The package may be
through-hole mounted to a printed circuit board (PCB) or inserted in
a socket

 7805 Voltage Regulator (5V)

7805 Voltage Regulator is a voltage regulator that outputs +5

volts. It is a three-pin IC; input pin for accepting incoming DC voltage,
ground pin for establishing ground for the regulator, and output pin
that supplies the positive 5 volts.

 LM1117T-3.3 Voltage Regulator (3.3V)

LM1117T is a low dropout voltage regulator with a dropout of

1.2 V at 800 mA of load current. The LM1117 is available in an
adjustable version, which can set the output voltage from 1.25 to 13.8
V with only two external resistors. In addition, it is available in five
fixed voltages, 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V.

 0.1 uf capacitor (ceramic disk)

0.1uF capacitor is used on all sorts of applications to decouple

ICs from power supplies. 0.1" spaced leads make this a perfect
candidate for breadboarding and perf boarding.

 3 of 10 uf electrolytic capacitor

This capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an

electric field. Electrolytic capacitors like this one are polarized, and
are often used for decoupling purposes.
 COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

 2 of 22 pf capacitors (ceramic disk)

22 pf capacitor is a passive electronic device that stores

electric charge. Ceramic capacitors consist of two or more alternating
layers of ceramic material as the dielectric and metal layers acting as
the non-polarized electrodes.

 16 MHz crystal oscillator

The 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator module is designed to handle

off-chip crystals that have a frequency of 4œ16 MHz. The crystal
oscillator's output is fed to the System PLL as the input reference.
The oscillator design generates low frequency and phase jitter, which
is recommended for USB operation.

 Row of 6 male headers

A pin header (or simply header) is a form of electrical

connector. A male pin header consists of one or more rows of metal
pins moulded into a plastic base, often 2.54 mm (0.1 in) apart, though
available in many spacing. Male pin headers are cost-effective due
to their simplicity.

 Female DC Power jack

A DC power jack is responsible for receiving power and is

usually mounted on the PCB or chassis of an electronic device. DC
power receptacles are also intended to receive power but are instead
found on the end of a power cord

 Female pin headers (2 of 8 pin, 1 of 6 pin and 1 of 9 pin)

Pin headers are stiff metallic connectors that are soldered to a

circuit board and stick up to receive a connection from a female
socket. While pin headers (often called PH, or headers) are male by
definition, female equivalents are also quite common, and it refers as
female headers (FH) or header connectors.

 Atmega 328 with bootloader

ATmega328P is a high performance yet low power

consumption 8-bit AVR microcontroller that's able to achieve the
most single clock cycle execution of 131 powerful instructions. The
use ATmega328 with a bootloader allows to upload new code without
the use of an external hardware programmer.
 COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

 Resistors (4 of 220 ohms and 10k ohms)

When building Arduino projects, the resistors is being use in

order to limit the amount of current going to certain components in
the circuit, such as LEDs and integrated circuits.

 LEDs (blue, 2 of green and red)

LED stand for Light-emitting-diode. An LED is a device that

produces light whenever current passed through it. The LEDs that
being used in DIY arduino indicates different value to show if the
arduino is really working. The red LED is for power,

 Momentary push button switch

Push button, also known as momentary switch, makes or

breaks a connection. This switch will serve as reset button, it will reset
the previous program that is being made.

 Solid wire 22

Solid wire is a metal core wire which is much heavier, thicker product
than stranded wire. Solid wires is being use in between boards,
switches, LEDs, displays etc. because these things can move
around, either in use or during the assembly process. Solid wire is
best for breadboard and proto/perf-board wiring where it is subject to
less movement.

III. PROCEDURES
In making the DIY Arduino follow the step by step procedures below:
Step 1: First, collect the component that needed in making the DIY Arduino.
Step 2: Create a schematic diagram or circuit diagram that serves as the guide
in making the DIY Arduino.
Step 3: Mount the 28 pins DIP IC Socket in the matrix board and female DC
power jack.
Step 4: Add the 5V and 3.3V regulators.
Step 5: Add the three pieces of 10 UF electrolytic capacitor.
Step 6: Insert female and male headers.
Step 7: Add the LED indicators and resistors for each LED.
Step 8: Insert crystal oscillator and connect it to the pin 9 and 10 of 28 pins DIP
IC Socket and 22 pF capacitor.
Step 9: Install the momentary push button switch and connect it to pin 1 of DIP
IC Socket.
Step 10: Connect the power and ground pins.
Step 11: Connect the rest of the components.
Step 12: Burn the Atmega328 with bootloader
 COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Step 13: Check the schematic diagram if your DIY Arduino is correct based on
the guide.
Step 13: Test the DIY Arduino if it is working.
Step 14: DIY Arduino is all set and ready to use.

IV. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

The diagram below shows how each componets are interconnected with
each other to make a DIY Arduino.

The schematic diagram is the most important concept in building a DIY

Arduino. Every component must be connected in the right connection for the Arduino
to function properly. Another important consideration is to always check and test if
the DIY Arduino is working.
 COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

V. CONCLUSION

Making a DIY Arduino Uno is simple to use rather than any other prototyping
board. Custom Arduino Uno saves more money than buying a ready-made. Designer
conclude that it is easy to make one as today that the information is so open. All the
information and source file to make an Arduino will be accessible for public through
internet. DIY Arduino uses inexpensive components that is available in the internet
where it can ship to a buyer directly.
Make sure that the things needed in making an Arduino is in the right place to prevent
accident. One of example is the soldering iron, it can cause burned that may lead to
blisters if not being mindful to surroundings.
Despite the difference of the price by buying the arduino and making a DIY, the
function is still the same. That doesn’t mean that cheaper the price will result less
functionality. The designer proved that DIY Arduino function well by following the steps
and guides in order to make one.

VI. REFERENCES
“What is Arduino?”
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Introduction
Retrieved June 27, 2022

“How to make your own Arduino Board?”

https://www.instructables.com/How-to-make-your-own-Arduino-board/
Retrieved June 27, 2022