VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

ALPS_Physics - 2309
Solution
---------------------------------------------------------------------- DAY-1 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
m1  F1  F2 
1.(BD) For m1 : F1  T 
m1  m2
m2 F1  m1F2
 T
m1  m2
If m1  m2 , T  F2
If m2  m1 , T  F1
F1  F2
If m1  m2 , T
2
2.(ABC) Total no. of collision = (n – 1)

For inelastic collisions,

Let V1, V2, V3 . . . . . be velocities after 1, 2, 3, . . . . . . collisions.
 mV  2mV ,  3mV2 = . . . . . .
V V V L 2L 3L
 V1  , V2  , V3  ......  t1  , t2  , t3  .........
2 3 4 V V V
Total time elapsed before last collision
L n(n 1) L
 t1  t2  ........ tn 1  (1  2  3  ................. n 1) 
V 2 V
V
Applying momentum conservation between initial and final gives mV  nmV f  V f 
n
For elastic collisions, velocities keep getting exchanged.
L L
All collisions take equal times t   Total time (n  1)
V V
mV V
Finally, the last block is moving with speed V and all other blocks are at rest. So Vcm  
nm n
3.(ABC)   0.25
f max  0.25  4 10  10 N

VMC | Physics 1 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

Block will start moving at 2s

Fnet  Fapplied  friction
Net impulse on the ball
From 2s to 8s
1
  2 10  10 Ns = change in momentum
2
Velocity of the mass at t = 8s is 10/4 = 2.5 m/s

Block has maximum velocity at t = 6s

Net impulse on the ball from 2s to 6s = 20 Ns
Velocity of ball at (t = 6s) = 5 m/s. After t = 8s a constant retarding friction force of 10N acts and the block
has momentum
= 10Ns at t = 8s.
Box will come to rest when impulse of 10Ns acts on it in the opposite direction of its motion
Box will come to rest 1s after t = 8s, i.e. at t = 9s.
 x 1  x 3 
U0
4.(AD) U ( x)      
a 3 a  
2
dU U  1 x2  U  x2 
F ( x)    0     0  2  1
dx 2  a a 3  2a a 
Force acting on the particle is zero at x  a
d 2U U0  2x  U
   0 x
dx 2 2  a3  a3
For x  a
d 2U
 0 , it is a position of stable equilibrium
dx 2
For x   a
d 2U
 0 , it is a position of unstable equilibrium
dx 2
5.(A) When the length of hanging part is x, the spring is elongated by x
xg  kx
 a
l
100 x  50 x
 (as   0.1 kg /cm  10 kg /m )
10
 5x

VMC | Physics 2 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

vdv
6.(B) a  5x   5x
dx
v x

 
v dv  5 x dx
0 0
2 2
v 5x
  v  5x
2 2
Or by energy conservation
loss in GPE = Increase in EPE + Increase in KE
 x 1 1
xg    kx 2  lv 2
2 2 2
So 50 x 2  25 x 2  5v 2  v2  5x2
7.(B) r  l sin 
3
 0.5   0.3  T cos   mg
5
4
T  20  T  25 N
5
25 3 15
 T sin   ma  a    m / s2  a
2 5 2
15 50
 w2r  a  w    5 rad / s
2  0.3 2
3
 v  wr  v  5  0.3  m / s
2
1 2
8.(C) mg l (1  cos )  mv
2
v  2 gl (1  cos )
For the particle to complete the full circle
v  2 gl (1  cos )  5g (l  d )
2l (1  cos )  5l  5d
l
d   3  2 cos  
5
l 1  4l 40l
For   60 d  3  2   
5 2 5 50
l 3  42l
For   53 d  3  2  
5 5  50
For   60 and d  0.6l
 1
vbottom  2 gl (1  cos )  2  10  l 1    10l  gl
 2
Radius of circle centered around nail = 0.4l

VMC | Physics 3 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

m  v2 m  gl
Tstring   mg   mg  mg (2.5  1)  3.5mg
l d 0.4l
For   53 and d  0.6l
2
  3
m   2  gl  1   
mv 2
  5  4/5 
Tstring   mg   mg  mg   1  3mg
l d 0.4l  0.4 
9.(2.50) Let a1 be acceleration of the blocks
3mg  T  3ma1
T  mg  ma1 T T
a1
g
Solving a1  m
3m
a1
2
3ma1  ma1 a1 g
acm     2.5 m/s 2 mg
4m 2 4 3mg

10.(0.33)

v1
 e  v1  ev sin 60º
v sin 60º
As final velocity is directed vertically upwards,
v cos60º 1
tan 60º   e
ev sin 60º 3

VMC | Physics 4 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

---------------------------------------------------------------------- DAY-2 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

11.(ACD) AB  2Rcos
1 1
AB  g cos  t 2  2R cos   g cos  t 2
2 2
R
2  t ; v  2 gh
g
12.(BCD) Take friction up the plane and put f  N to get : Fmin  mg sin   mg cos 
Take friction down the plane and put f  N to get : Fmax  mg sin   mg cos 
 for no sliding, mg sin   mg cos   F  mg sin   mg cos 
Put f  0 to get F  mg sin 
13.(5) 0  x1G  2x2G  3x3G   x13  x3G   2  x23  x3G   3x3 G  30  2 30   6x3G
30
 x3G    5 cm
6
14.(40) F  3xy 2iˆ  yjˆ
d r  dxiˆ  dyjˆ

dw  F . d r  3xy 2 dx  ydy  3 x. x 4 dx  ydy

2 4 4
2  y2 
w  3x dx  ydy   x6 0     32  8  40
 
5 3
6  2 0
0 0
dw
15.(5) P
dt

 Pdt  dw
0.5  5 
1
2
 0.2V 2  0  dw   KE
2.5  0.1V 2
V  5m / s
16.(10) To reach the top of wedge, the velocity of block relative to wedge shouldn’t become zero before reaching
the top. For Vmin , relative speed at top should be zero.
V
Momentum conservation 1 V  5 V '  V ' 
5
Energy conservation
1 1 V2
(1)V 2  1(10)(4)  (5)
2 2 25
V2
V2   80  V 2  100  V  10 m /s
5

VMC | Physics 5 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

17.(C) Applying Bernoulli between points just inside and just outside the hole
1 1 H H  1
P1  2v12  P2  2v22 ; P0  g  2g   h   0  P0  2v 2
2 2 2 2  2
H
v2  g  gH  2 gh ; v  g (1.5H  2h)
2
2h
18.(C) T 
g
2h
R  vT  g (1.5H  2h)  3hH  4h2
g
d 3H
For R to be maximum (3hH  4h2 )  0  3H  8h  0  h
dh 8
r3
19.(B) (i) Time period, T  2
GM

4  a3
Since M    R3  ; T 
3  R3
GMm R3m
(ii) Force, F Therefore, F
r2 a2
GMm GMm
(iii),(iv) Kinetic energy, K  Total energy, T .E.  
2r 2r
R3 m
Therefore, both K and T.E. are proportional to
a
20.(C) Taking clockwise torque as positive, and anti-clockwise torque as negative
Torque on the body due to weight of OA, OB and OC (about O) is
L  4
OA  (2mg )  cos    mgL
2  5
L  3
OB  (mg )  sin     mgL
2  10
L  2
OC  (mg )  cos     mgL
2  5
So, net torque due to gravity about O,
1
O  OA  OB  OC  mgL
10
1
So, net torque due to gravity is mgL, clockwise
10
1
Therefore, torque due to F must be mgL anti-clockwise to maintain equilibrium.
10
(i) F is applied horizontally at A

VMC | Physics 6 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

1 1
F  F ( L sin )  mgL  F  mg (towards left)
10 6
(ii) F is applied vertically at B
1 1
F  F ( L sin )  mgL  F  mg (downwards)
10 6
(iii) F is applied perpendicular to OC, at mid-point of OC
L 1 1
 F  F    mgL  F  mg
 2  10 5
(iv) F is applied vertically at C
1 1
F  F ( L cos )  mgL  F  mg (downwards)
10 8

---------------------------------------------------------------------- DAY-3 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

21.(BCD) N  mg
mv 2
f 
r
Balancing torque about centre of mass
N sin   f cos 
f mv 2 v 2
tan    
N rmg rg
As mg passes through CM, so the resultant of N and f (which is the net force by the road) should also pass
through the CM

22.(ACD) In figure (i), the spring balance measures the tension which is equal to mg
 mg  40
In figure (iii), T   mg  B
mg mg
B  vg     20
2 2
 T   20N
In figure (ii), the weighing machine measures the combined weight of (container + water).
In figure (iii), the (container + water) system experiences a downward force by the block which is reaction
to the buoyant force forced by water on the block.
 New reading  100  20  120 N
Note that if you also include block in the system, then buoyant force becomes internal. New reading will
be calculated as
New reading = total weight T 
 (100  40)  20  120 N

VMC | Physics 7 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

For option (D), taking (container + water + block) as

system, the weighing machine will read the total weight
i.e. (100  40)  140 N
23.(BCD) Net force  2 F cos30
Gm2
 3F  3 2

3Gm
 a 2

When separation reduces to / 2, applying energy conservation

3Gm2 1 3Gm2
O  3 mv 2 
2 (l / 2)
3 2 3Gm2 2Gm
mv   v
2
24.(AB) Consider the liquid column in the horizontal portion AB.
Pressure difference will only occur if the acceleration of CM is along AB.
In option B, acceleration is towards B
So, PA  PB
In option D, radial acceleration of CM is towards the axis i.e. A
So, PB  PA
In option A and C, acceleration is not along AB
So, PA  PB
25.(ABD) After collision, the velocity required by the combined mass 2m to escape is given by
1 GM 2m GM
2mve2  0  ve 
2 2R R
Let velocity of satellite A in its orbit be V and velocity of projectile B just before collision be v.

 v   v 
2 2
GM
      ve 
 2
   
2 2 R
GM
Also v (orbital velocity)
2R
v2 GM GM 7 GM 7 GM
     v 
4 R 8R 8 R 2 R
Energy conservation for B gives
1 2 GMm 1 GMm
mu   mv2 
2 R 2 2R
1 2 1  7 GM  GMm 9 GM 9GM
mu  m   ; u2   u
2 2 2 R  2R 2 R 2R

VMC | Physics 8 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

26.(ABC) Just after release

H  I H 
m 2 3g
mg    
2 3 2
 3g 3g mg
Tangential acceleration of CM    mg  N  m  N
2 4 4 4
There is no force by hinge in horizontal direction as radial acceleration of CM is
zero. (as   0)
When the rod becomes vertical, its angular velocity is given by
1m 2 2 3g
mg    
2 2 3
3g
Radial acceleration of CM  2 
2 2
3g 5
 N  mg  m  N  mg
2 2
There is no force by hinge in horizontal direction as tangential acceleration of CM is zero (as  H  0)
27.(B) 28.(C)
During collision, no impulsive friction force acts on A or B.
 J CM  0  ΔLCM  0
So, there is no change in angular velocity and just after collision ω A  ω & ω B  0 .
Their linear velocities get exchanged (same mass elastic head on collision).

After both start pure rolling :

2 2 2 2 V  2
For A : mR 2ω  mR 2ω1  mV1R  mR 2ω = mR 2  1   mV1R  V1  ωR
5 5 5 5 R 7
2 2 V  5
For B : mVR  mR2ω2  mV2 R  m(ωR) R  mR 2  2   mV 2 R  V2  ωR
5 5 R 7
29.(0.75) Above the surface,
2 2
GM GM  R   R 
g   2 Rh
 g 
( R  h) 2 R   Rh
2
g  R  1 R
 g     hR
4 Rh 2 Rh
GM  d   d
Below the surface, g  2 
1    g 1  
R  R  R

VMC | Physics 9 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

g  d 1 d 3R d 3
 g 1    1  d    0.75
4  R 4 R 4 h 4
30.(13.33)
The vertical forces acting on the apparatus is its weight and the forces due to atmosphere pressure and
liquid pressure as shown.
Fatm  P0 3R2 , where R  10 cm
Fliquid  [ P0  g (h  h0 )3R 2
The system lifts up when
Fliquid  Fatm  mg

g (h  h0 )3R2  mg
1000(h  h0 )3(102 )  1
1
h  h0  m  3.33cm ; h  13.33 cm
30

---------------------------------------------------------------------- DAY-4 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

g sin 
31.(0.75) a  ; where k is radius of gyration
k2
1 2
R
k2 g sin 
For hollow cylinder, mR 2  mk 2  2
1  aH 
R 2
mR 2 k 2
1
For solid cylinder,  mk 2  2

2 R 2
g sin  2 a 3
 as   g sin  ; H   0.75
1 3 as 4
1
2
32.(2)

M
Mass of element of length dx is dM  dx

Gm(dM ) GMm dx
Force between the particle and this element is dF  2

x x2
2 2
GMm dx GMm  1  GMm
So total force   dF   x2   x  
  2 2

33.(BC) Let the length of the cylinder below the surface in equilibrium be x0
Then, Weight = Buoyant force
L
   AL  g   3  Ax0  g  x0 
3
Since the cylinder is initially at rest, the initial position must be its upper extreme position. And since the
equilibrium is a distance x0 below the initial position, the amplitude of the SHM is x0 itself

VMC | Physics 10 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

Now, if the cylinder is displaced by a distance x upward from the equilibrium position, the buoyant force
on it decreases by a magnitude FB   3  Ax  g  3Agx
Since the cylinder was in equilibrium, and the upward acting buoyant force has decreased in magnitude,
the net force on the cylinder is now FB downwards
AL L
Therefore, the time period of the SHM is T  2  2
3Ag 3g
dQ
34.(BC) Rate of heat loss due to radiation,  A(T 4  T04 )
dt
 dQ 
 
 dt 1 (4R 2 )((3T0 )4  T04 ) 64
Therefore,  
 dQ    3R   2 27
 
 dt 2
  4  
  2      (2T0  4
 T 0
4
)
 
 dQ 
dT  dt 
Rate of cooling, 
dt mC
Here, m is mass and C is specific heat
 dT    dQ     3R  3 
       
 dt 1   dt 1   m2   64    2  
Therefore,   
   8
 dT    dQ    m1   27   R 3 
     
 dt  2   dt  2   
k
35.(AC) After it is released, the block A oscillates with angular frequency   and amplitude 2d
m
3k
Therefore, its velocity just before collision is v0   (2d )2  d 2 d
m
After the collision, let the velocities of A and B be v1 and v2 , both towards right
Conserving momentum, mv0  mv1  2mv2
From Newton’s experimental law, v2  v1  v0
Solving, we get
1 2
v1   v0 and v2  v0
3 3
k 4k
Therefore, v1   d and v2  d
3m 3m
Now, let the amplitude of A after the collision be A0
kd 2 k 2
Then, 
k 2
v12 
m
A0  d 2     A0  d 2  
3m m
A0 
2d
3
36.(BCD) Work done during an adiabatic process,
3 
W   nCV T  W   1  R  T f  T0 
2  4

3RT0 T

 Tf  0
2
For an adiabatic process, P1T   constant

VMC | Physics 11 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES


T 1 5 P
 Pf  P0  0   P0  2  2  0
 Tf  4 2
 
3
Average kinetic energy of a gas molecule, Kav  KT
2
We can see that K av has halved.
 5R   T  5RT0
For an isobaric process, Q  nC p T  1   T0  0  
 2  2 4
3 5
37.(ABD) Total internal energy, UTotal  U1  U 2  1 R  460   1 R  300   1440R
2 2
Conserving internal energy, U mix  U1  U 2
3 5 3 5
 1 RTmix  1 RTmix  1 R  460  1 R 300  Tmix  360 K
2 2 2 2
3RT
Now, root mean square speed, vrms 
M
 vrms  Argon M Nitrogen 28 7
Therefore,   
 vrms  Nitrogen M Argon 40 10
f
Also, total kinetic energy, KTotal  nRT (f is the degree of freedom)
2
 KTotal  Argon 3
Therefore, 
 KTotal  Nitrogen 5
38.(AD) Volume of the liquid that spills out
V  V0 1  4 T   V0 1  T   3V0  T
Now, let the area of cross-section of the beaker at temperature T0 be A0
Then, we know that V0  A0 H 0
  2  
Therefore, the area of cross-section of the beaker at temperature T0  T is A  A0 1    T 
  3 
2
[Since the area thermal expansion coefficient of any material is times its volume thermal expansion
3
coefficient]
Now, the volume of the liquid remaining in the beaker at temperature T0  T is equal to the capacity of the
beaker at this temperature, i.e. V0 1  T  .
Therefore, the volume of this liquid in the beaker at temperature T0  T becomes
V  V0 1  T  1   4  2T    V0 1  7T 
So, the height of the liquid column in the beaker at temperature T0  T is
V V 1  7 T   V0   19   19 
H  0    1  T   H 0  1  T 
 2 
A0  1  T   0     
A A 3 3
 3 

VMC | Physics 12 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

19
Therefore, H 
H 0  T
3
39.(D) The temperature of the gas rises during the isochoric heating (process I) and the isobaric expansion (process
II), and it decreases during the isochoric cooling (process III) and the isobaric compression (process IV).
Therefore, the gas reaches its maximum temperature when its pressure and volume are
P0 and  V0 respectively.
 P0 V0  T  T
From the ideal gas equation, the maximum temperature, Tmax  0 0
PV0 0
40.(C) In the isochoric cooling, the change in internal energy,
C  3
U  nCV T   V  V0  P0  P0       1 PV 0 0
 R  2

---------------------------------------------------------------------- DAY-5 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

41.(C) Let (  ) P be the change in length due to thermal expansion in rod ‘P’
(  P )  T … (i)
F
Let ( L ) P is change in length due to elastic force in rod ‘P’  ( L) P  … (ii)
AY
Similarly in rod ‘Q’, we can consider (  )Q and (L)Q change in length due to thermal expansion and
elastic forces.
As net change in total length of rod ( P  Q)  0
Hence ( ) P  (L) P  ( )Q  (L)Q  0
F F 2 
T   2  2T   0
AY A  2Y 
 2F  5 AY T
   5 T ; F 
 AY  2
42.(B) Net change in length of rod P or rod Q is going to be the shift in junction
 Shift = (  ) P  (L) P
F 5 AY T 5 3
 T   T   T  T   T
AY 2 AY 2 2
(–ve sign mean rod ‘P’ is overall compressed)

2π
43.(B) Time period of the given SHM, T 
ω
In general, to find the time interval between two events during an SHM, first find the phase angles
associated with those two events, say 1 and 2 . Then, the time interval between the events will be:
T
t   2  1 
2π
 π π 3
So, for the SHM x  t   A sin  ωt   , the particle is at phase angle 1  at t  0 i.e. at x  A and
 3  3 2
going towards the right extreme  x   A
(i) The particle will be at its mean for the first time when it is at phase angle 2  π

VMC | Physics 13 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

 2  1    π    
T T π T 2π
Therefore, t 
2π 2π  3  3 3ω
(ii) The particle will have the same speed as at t  0 when it is at the same position as at at t  0 , i.e. at
π 2π
phase angle 2  π  
3 3
 2  1       
T T 2π π T π
Therefore, t 
2π 2π  3 3  6 3ω
π
(iii) The particle is at rest when it is at its right extreme, i.e. at phase angle 2 
2
 2  1       
T T π π T π
Therefore, t 
2π 2π  2 3  12 6ω
amax ω2 A A
(iv) a  ω2 x    x
2 2 2
A
So, the first time this will happen after t  0 is when the particle is at x  .
2
3 A
Since at t  0 the particle is at x  A , the first time that it will be at x  is at phase angle
2 2
5π
2 
6
 2  1       
T T 5π π T π
Therefore, t 
2π 2π  6 3  4 2ω
44.(D) Use Q  U  W
45.(4) Let the mass of the block and the bullet be M and m respectively
Let the velocity of the bullet just before it strikes the block be v 0
Then, by momentum conservation, the velocity of the block-bullet system just after the bullet gets
 m 
embedded is v  v0
 M m
Now, the initial position of the block was an equilibrium position. Since the mass of the bullet is negligible
compared to the block, this initial position can be considered equilibrium for the block-bullet system as
well. Therefore, this initial position is the mean position of the subsequent SHM, and so the velocity of the
system after the embedding must be the maximum velocity during SHM, i.e. A .
Now, the angular frequency of the system,
k

M m

 m   k 
Since v  A ,   v0  A  
 M m  M m 
Therefore, the amplitude of the SHM,

VMC | Physics 14 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

A
mv0

mv0

 0.048 50   0.04 m  4 cm
 M  m k Mk 12  300 
Now, since the initial position is the mean position of the SHM, and the point where the system first comes
to rest is the upper extreme position, the height difference between them is simply the amplitude of the
SHM, i.e. 4 cm.

46.(800) Let the mass of ice needed be x

We know that
Heat absorbed by ice to rise to 0 °C
=
(Heat lost by calorimeter to fall to 0 °C + Heat lost by water to fall to 0 °C and freeze)
Therefore, x  0.5  0   40    50 1 20  0   150 1 20  0   150 80 

Solving, we get x  800 g

CP 3
47.(0.33) We are given that 
CV 2
We already know that C P  CV  R
Solving, we get C P  3R and CV  2 R
In an isobaric process, W  PV
C  W R 1
Q  nCP T   P  PV Therefore,  
 R  Q CP 3
48.(20) According to Newton’s law of cooling, the time taken by a body to cool from temperature T1 to temperature
 T T 
T2 in a room at temperature T0 is proportional to log e  1 0 
 T2  T0 
 60  T0   40  T0 
Therefore, using the given information, log e    log e  
 50  T0   35  T0 

Solving, we get T0  20 °C

 x x
49.(0.33) Distance of the CM of the shaded portion from the axis  x   
 2  2
Therefore,
m  x
T  m2 rcm  (  x)2  
 2 
m2
 T  x  ( 2
 x2 )
2

VMC | Physics 15 ALPS -2309 | Solution

 VIDYAMANDIR CLASSES

Since, tension depends on x, different parts of rod are under different stress and so strain will be different.
Consider an element of length dx located at a distance x from the axis
T
Stress in the element 
A
Stress T
 Strain  
Y AY
1 m2
 Change in length, d  ( 2
 x 2 )dx
AY 2
m2 m2 2
Total increase in length is    d   ( 2
 x 2 )dx 
0
2 AY 3 AY
50.(1) If the rod is rotated slightly by , the right spring will get compressed by  and left string will get
elongated by .
Restoring torque about hinge A is:
 
    mg sin   2k ( cos ) 
 2 
 is very small  sin   , cos   1
 
     mg  2k 2  
 2 
2
m  2  3 g 6k   30 6(12.5) 
     mg  2k       2  m     2  3  
3  2     
2 2 2 10
   (40)  2  40  T    1s
 40 2 10

VMC | Physics 16 ALPS -2309 | Solution