Dmitri Mendeleev 1869

In 1869, the Russian chemist Dmitri

Mendeleev came to prominence with
his tabular diagram of known elements.

This basic ingredient list, of which all matter

exists, became known as the periodic table

Element Cmpd Element Atomic mass

Ca 40.08
Ca CaCl2
In 114.8
In InCl
Ga 69.72
Ga GaCl3
2. What do we call the 2 dimensions of the table?

Row
Column

Row = period, mass increases across rows

Column = group/family, similar properties per column, mass increases down a
group/column/family
Mendeleyev organized the Periodic Table
largely by atomic mass.
 Noble
Periodic Table alkali earth metals
gases

alkali column = group/family Halogens

metals (similar properties),

c. alkali metals
d. alkaline earth metals
e. halogens
f. noble gases

row = period,
patterns repeat
periodically over and
over again
Periodic Table
6.

a. Metals
b. non-metals
c. along the division: metalloids/semi-metals:
have properties of both metals/non-metals
 Metals
Metals generally have the following
characteristics:

• Shiny appearance

• Good conductors of heat and

electricity

• Highly malleable

• Highly ductile

Includes: alkaline, alkaline earth,

transition and post-transition metals,
lanthanides and actinides.
Examples: Lithium, magnesium,
chromium, iron, gold, platinum, mercury,
tungsten
 Nonmetals

Nonmetals generally have the following characteristics:

Dull appearance

Poor conductors of heat and electricity

Poorly malleable

Poorly ductile

Includes the halogens and noble gases!!

Examples: Oxygen, nitrogen, helium, fluorine, chlorine, neon
 Metalloids

● Metalloids exhibit some properties of metals and some

properties of nonmetals, depending on the substance and
conditions
● Examples: Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and
tellurium.
Table