SMK KUBONG STPM Trial 2010 Biology

964/1
BIOLLOGY PAPER 1
NAME: STPM TRIAL EXAM 1 HOUR R AND 45 MINUTES
Answerr all questioons.
1. Sucroose solutionn cannot chaange Beneddict’s solutioon into brick

k-red precippitate becauuse it
A conntains a glyycosidic bonnd
B is a disacchariide
C conntains a hyddroxyl grouup
D does not contaain a free caarbonyl grou
up
2. Theree are two rin

ng-shaped glucose
g mollecules, the alpha form m and the betta form. Thhis is
becauuse
A Both form ms are made up of glucoose isomers
B Both are fromf differeent formulaee of straightt chain glucose
C Different carbon atom ms in the sttraight chaiin are bondded togetherr to form thhe ring –
shaped mo olecule
D When the glucose rinng closes, the t hydroxyyl group cann project uppward or beelow the
plane of thhe ring
3. Whicch of the folllowing cann be synthesized in the human

h body
y?
I Bile acid
II LLinoleic acid d
III C
Cholesterol
IV VVitamin D
A II aand III
B I, II
I and III
C I, IIII and IV
D I, III, III and IV
V
4. The ffollowing diagram

d show ws the struccture of a biiological mo
olecule. P reepresents a
phospphate group
p. What is thhe name of this molecuule?
A Phhospholipid
B Glyycerate - phhosphate
C NAADP
D Triiose - phospphate
5. Whicch of the folllowing is a characterisstic of a prookaryotic celll?

A A cellulose ceell wall
B A ccircular DN
NA
C Miitochondrion
D 80S ribosomee
PERCUBAAN STPM 1

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964/1 BIOLOGY PAPER 1
NAME: STPM TRIAL EXAM 1 HOUR AND 45 MINUTES
6. What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

A Formation of glycoprotein
B Formation of lipid and steroid
C Protein synthesis
D Phosphorylation of ADP
7. The rate of reaction of salivary amylase on starch decreases when the concentration of
chloride ion is reduced. Which of the following explains the role of a chloride?
A Prosthetic group
B Coenzyme
C Ion activator
D Allosteric inhibitor
8. The anticodon in tRNA for methionine is UAC. How many methionine molecules are
coded by DNA template shown below?
3’T A C C A T C A T T A C A C T C A T 5’
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
9. In the Hatch and Slack pathway, the first carbon dioxide acceptor is
A Malate
B Oxaloacetate
C Phosphoenolpyruvate
D Ribulose bisphosphate
10. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the photosynthesis adaptations of
cactus plants living in acidic conditions?
I Stomatas are closed at night.
II During the day, carbon dioxide combines with phosphoenolpyruvate to become
malate.
III Malate is stored in the vacuole of mesophyll cell at night
IV During the day, Calvin cycle occurs.
A I and II
B II and IV
C III and IV
D I, II and IV
11. What are substances produced when pyruvate is converted to acetyl coenzyme A?
A CO2, NADH and H+
B CO2 and NADH
C CO2 and H+
D CO2 and NAD+
PERCUBAAN STPM 2

964/1 BIOLLOGY PAPER 1
12 The complete oxidation off one mole of o glucose reelease 2 8800 kJ energy. The additiion of
one molecule of o phosphatee to ADP reequires 30.66 kJ energy perp mole. What
W is the
efficciency of aeerobic respiiration in thee trapping of
o released energy
e commpared to thee
commplete oxidaation of onee molecule of o glucose?
A 11.63%
B 23.00%
C 36.00%
D 40.00%
13 Which of the foollowing is a hydrogen donor in the biosyntheesis of purplle sulphur bacteria
b
and green sulphhur bacteria??
AWWater
B Hyydrogen sullphide
C NAADH
D Hyydrocarbonn compoundd
14 Whaat is the causes of ‘altituude sicknessses’ that afffects mounttain climberrs?

A Thhe increase of carbon dioxide
d in thhe blood
B Thhe formationn of nitrogeen bubbles in i the blooddstream
C Thhe decrease of partial pressure
p of oxygen
o in thhe air
D Thhe increase of partial pressure of oxygen
o in thhe air
15 Whaat happens during

d stom
matal openinng?
A Pootassium ionns from the subsidiary cells are puumped into the guard ceells.
B Soodium ions from the suubsidiary cellls are pumpped into thee guard cellss
C Hyydrogen ionns from the subsidiary cells are puumped into the
t guard ceells
D Thhe concentrration of absscisic acis inncreases
16 The following diagram

d shoows the hyddrostatic preessure (HP),, the solute potential
p off the
plasm
ma proteinss is the capilllary (߰‫ݏ‬ሻ at
a the arterioole end and the venule end, and thhe HP
and (߰‫ݏ‬ሻ in tisssue fluid.
Which is true ab
bout the diaagram?
At
A the arterioole end At thhe venule ennd
A Filtration, filtration
f vaalue = 3.2 kPa
k Abssorption, ab bsorption vaalue = 0.5
kPaa
B Filtration, filtration
f vaalue = 2.0 kPa
kPaa
C Filtration, filtration
f vaalue = 1.2 kPa
kPaa
D Absorption
n, absorptioon value = 2.1
2 Filttration, filtraation value = 3.6 kPa
kPa
PERCUBAAN STPM 3

17. Which statements are correct concerning root pressure?

I Ions are actively pumped by the endodermis from the cortex into the xylem
II ATP is required
III Water potential in xylem becomes less negative
IV The Casparian strip prevents the leakage of ions back to the cortex
V The pressure which pushes the sap up the xylem
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II, III and V only
D I, II, IV and V only
18. Birds and insects excrete uric acid whereas mammals and amphibians excrete mainly
urea. What is the main advantage of uric acid as an excretory waste compared to urea?
A Uric acid is more soluble in water
B Uric acid consists of simpler molecules
C Synthesis of uric acid requires less energy
D Less water is lost in excreting uric acid
19. Which of the following contributes to the increase of osmolarity in the interstitial fluid of
the renal medulla?
I Passive diffusion of Na+ and Cl- ions out of the thin segment of the ascending limb of
the loop of Henle into the interstitial fluid.
II Active transport of Na+ abd Cl- ions from the thick segment of ascending limb of the
loop of Henle into the interstitial fluid.
III Passive diffusion of salts from collecting duct into the interstitial fluid.
IV Passive diffusion of urea from the collecting duct into the interstitial fluid.
A I and II
B II and III
C II and IV
D I, II and IV
20. Which of the following correctly explains the distribution of ions on either side of the
membrane of an axon in its resting state?
A A high concentration of Na+ ions outside and a high concentration of K+ ions and
organic anions inside.
B A high concentration of K+ ions and organic anions outside and high concentration of
Na+ ions inside.
C A high concentration of organic anions outside and a low concentration of K+ ions
inside
D A high concentration of organic anions inside and the low concentration of Na+ ions
outside
PERCUBAAN STPM 4

21. If thhe sodium – potassium pump in thhe membranne of a neuroone is inactiivated by a

mettabolic poisoon such as cyanide,
c thee resting pottential acrosss the memb
brane takes several
houurs to becom
me zero. Whhy is there a delay?
A Potassium ions cannott diffuse acrross the mem mbrane
B The memb brane has a l
low permeaability to sod
dium ions
C The memb brane has thee same perm
meability too both sodium and potassium ions.
D The memb brane does not
n allow organic anionns to diffusee out
22. Thee diagram shhows a longgitudinal secction of a maize

m grain. Which partt produces
gibbberellins?
23. What is the diffference in thhe mechaniism of actioon between steroid

s horm
mone and peeptide
horrmone?
ATTarget cells respond
r fasster to steroiid hormone than to pep
ptide hormoone.
B Steroid hormmone enters the cytoplaasm and thenn passes to thet nucleus whereas peeptide
hhormone rem main in the cytoplasm
c
CSSteroid hormmone binds to t a receptoor protein whereas pepttide hormonne binds to G
pprotein
DSSteroid hormmone activattes the exprression of a specific genne whereas peptide horrmone
activates a protein/enzyyme already present in thet cell.
24. Thee following statements describe thee humoral response

r to a T-dependdent antigen.
I Marophagee becomes thhe antigen-ppresenting cell c (APC)
II Microphagge engulfs annd partiallyy digests miccrobe antigeen
III T helper ceell binds to the antigenn-presentingg cell (APC))
IV B cells div vide rapidly to produce a large num mber of dauughter cells which
w deveelop into
plasma cellls and secreete antibodies.
V T helper ceell interacts with B celll
Whhich is the correct
c sequence of eveents in this humoral
h respponse?
A I, II, III, IV
V, V
B II, I, III, V, IV
C III, I, II, V, IV
D IV, V, III, I, II
PERCUBAAN STPM 5

25. A person infectted by HUV V will devellop AIDS annd die. The immune sy ystem fails to
t
eraddicate the virrus becausee
I thhe body faills to producce anti-HIV antibodies..
II thhe double-sstranded virral DNA beccomes incorrporated as provirus intto the DNA A of the
innfected cell and remainns dormant.
The unusually high muttation rates give rise to variations in
III T i viral antiigens.
IV thhe decrease in the T heelper cell levvel results inn the loss of humoral and
a cell-meddiated
immmunity
A I aand II
B II and III
C I, II and III
D II,, III and IV
26. Thee diagram beelow showss the structuure of a monnocot seed.
Which of the foollowing is responsiblee for produccing hydrolyytic enzymees after

imbbibition?
AP
BQ
CR
DS
27. Thee table below

w shows thee functions of gibberelllin, aleuronee and waterr in the seedd
germmination off peas.
Componennt Function
IGGibberellin X Synthesises
S digestive
d ennzymes
II A
Aleurone Y Triggers
T the synthesis of α-amylasee
III Water Z Releases
R gibberellin
Which function
ns correspon
nd to gibberellin, aleuro
one and wa
ater?
I II III
A Y X Z
B Y Z X
C Z X Y
D Z Y X
PERCUBAAN STPM 6

28. A cross between red-flowered and white-flowered snapdragons produces all pink-
flowered progeny. This type of interaction is called
A epistasis
B codominance
C complete dominance
D incomplete dominance
29. A study on 400 mice about their resistance towards a type of poison has been carried out.
The resistance characteristic is controlled by the dominant allele R. 36% of the mice
population is found to be resistant towards the poison. Calculate the number of mice
expected to have Rr genotype.
A 16
B 72
C 128
D 256
30. Which of the following is true of repressor protein?

A It is coded by lac Y.
B It binds with the promoter and inhibits transcription.
C It binds with the gene that codes for β-galactosidase.
D It changes in conformation after binding with lactose.
31. A mutation in the lactose operon occurs which causes the repressor protein not being able
to bind with the operator region. Which of the following statements is true of the
mutation?
A β-galactosidase enzyme is not produced at all.
B β-galactosidase enzyme is produced continuously with or without lactose.
C β-galactosidase enzyme is produced continuously in the absence of lactose only.
D β-galactosidase enzyme is produced continuously in the presence of lactose only.
32. In a species of following plant, CRCR genotype produces red flowers, CWCW genotype
produces white flowers and CRCW genotype produces pink flowers. What is the
percentage of the progeny that have pink flowers if a cross is made between CRCW and
CRCW?
A 0%
B 25%
C 50%
D 75%
33. Which of the following is the genotype of Klinefelter syndrome?

A XO
B XXY
C XYY
D XXX
PERCUBAAN STPM 7

34. Which of the foollowing muutations in humans

h is/aare trisomic?
I Down Synd drome
II Turner
T Synndrome
III Thalassemiia major
A I only
B III only
C I and III
D III and III
35. Which of the foollowing is not true of mutation?

A A chromosom mal mutatioon of the deeletion type involves the deletion of o a base paiir from
a gene.
BGGenetic diseaase called ccri-du-chat syndrome
s iss caused by
y a deletion ini chromosoome 5.
CTThe deletion n of two bases causes frrameshift mutation
m durring triplet coding
c in
trranscriptionn.
DAAllopolyploiidy is a chroomosomal mutation
m whhich involvees chromoso ome doublinng
caused by diifferent genoomes.
36. In a populationn of 360 rabbbits, 100 are albino. Thhe gene for albino is reecessive to the gene
for Himalayan
H coat patternn. The numbber of rabbiits in this po
opulation which
w are
heteerozygous for
f Himalayyan coat patttern is
A 90
B 1000
C 144
D 179
37. Thee following is a sequencce of DNA and two muutated sequeences I and II.
Which of the foollowing aree true of muutations I annd II?

I II
A Innversion Inversioon
B Innversion Substituution
CSSubstitution Inversioon
DSSubstitution Substituution
PERCUBAAN STPM 8

38. Which of the following cause changes in the allele frequency?

I There is no mutation in the population.
II There is no natural selection in the population.
III Gene flow occurs between the populations.
IV Fertilisation occurs between particular organisms.
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV
39. Which of the following statements is not true of the Jacob-Monod theory of gene
regulation?
A The regulator gene codes the β-galactosidase enzyme.
B The promoter region is the binding site for RNA polymerase.
C The structural gene is transcribed when the repressor protein binds with lactose.
D The structural gene is inactive due to the repressor protein produced by the regulator
gene.
40. The main section of the lactose operon consists of

A the regulator gene and the operator
B the structural gene, the operator and the promoter
C the structural gene, the operator and the regulator gene
D the structural gene, the operator and the regulator gene and the repressor molecule
41. Bacteria carrying a plasmid with an antibiotic resistance gene are important in cloning
because
A they help in screening
B they can kill other bacteria
C they can produce antibiotics for commercial purposes
D they protect themselves after being released into the environment
42. Which statement is not true of the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

A The phenotypic ratio is 3:1.
B The sum of allelic frequencies is 1.
C The sum of genotypic frequencies is 1.
D There are no changes in allele frequencies from one generation to the subsequent
generation.
43. Allele Y which controls the yellow seed colour in peas, is dominant over allele y which
controls the green seed colour. Of the 2500 seeds produced, 400 are green. Assume that
the population is in genetic equilibrium. The frequency of allele Y is
A 0.16
B 0.40
C 0.60
D 0.84
PERCUBAAN STPM 9

44. Which statement is not true of the lactose operon in the presence of lactose?
A The repressor is not synthesized.
B The allolactose binds to the repressor.
C The transcription of structural genes occurs.
D The repressor is prevented from binding to the operator.
45. The following are transgenic organisms except

A the cloned sheep (Dolly)
B the herbicide-resistant maize
C the bacteria producing human insulin
D the sheep producing human protein in milk
46. Which statement is true of allopatric speciation?

A Speciation produces hybrid species.
B Individuals occupy an overlapping area.
C Speciation is not caused by geographical factor.
D Geographical barrier prevents gene flow between populations.
47. Which organism does not contribute to the primary productivity of an ecosystem?
A Cyanobacteria
B Purple bacteria
C Saprotrophic bacteria
D Chemosynthetic bacteria
48. The carrying capacity is defined as

A the maximum population growth rate under ideal conditions
B the change in the population size per individual per unit time
C the maximum population size that can be supported by an ecosystem
D the members of a species that live in an ecosystem and have the potential to reproduce
49. All ecosystems are dependent on energy input because

A producers have a greater biomass than consumers
B carnivores have a greater biomass than producers
C decomposers process the greatest amount of energy in an ecosystem
D energy transformation results in partial loss of usable energy to the environment
50. In a study of a population of tiger prawns, the mean mass is 12.3 g and the standard
deviation is 1.2 g. Which conclusions can be made about the population?
I 68% of the population have masses of 12.3 g – 14.7 g.
II 68% of the population have masses of 11.1 g – 13.5 g.
III 95% of the population have masses of 12.3 g – 14.7 g.
IV 95% of the population have masses of 9.9 g – 14.7 g.
A I and III
B I and IV
C II and III
D II and IV
PERCUBAAN STPM 10

964/2 STPM TRIA
AL EXAM
Section A [40 marks

m ]
Annswer all qu
uestions from
m this sectio
on.
1. The grraph below w show the relationship

r between thhe length off a potato sttrip, water ppotential
(ψcell) and solute potential (ψS) of potaato cells immersed in a series of sucrose sollution of
knownn decreasinng concentration. In eaach solutionn, several potato
p stripps were alloowed to
stand for a whiile to ensurre that theere is no more m net gain
g or losss in water, before
measuurements weere made annd the averaage calculatted. The graaphs have been b extrapoolated to
give thhe results ass shown. Baased on the results answ
wer the folloowing quesstions.
a) Exxplain what is meant byy the follow

wing terms.
(i)) Solute pootential (ψS)
…
………………
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[ mark]
[1
(iii) Pressure potential (ψ

ψP)
…
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[ mark]
[1
SMK KU
UBONG 2
964/2 STPM TRIAL EXAM
b) Describe the condition of the potato cells at point P and Q.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
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[2 marks]
c) What is the average length of a potato strip when its cell is equilibrium with a sucrose
solution of solute potential -380 kPa?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]
d) Calculate the pressure potential (ψP) of the potato cell when average length of a potato
strip is 103.5 mm. Show your working.
[3 marks]
e) Suggest how turgidity and flaccidity of cells may play an important role in plants
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
SMK KUBONG 3
964/2 STPM TRIA
AL EXAM
2. Diagrram 1 repreesents a longgitudinal section througgh part of a striated muuscle.
Diagram 1
(a) (i) What is thee term used to describe the compleete structuree shown aboove?
...…………
………………
……………
……………… …………………………
…………… ………...
[ mark]
[1
(ii) Identify the parts labeeled A, B an

nd C.
……………
…………………………
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[33 marks]
(b) The diagram shhows the A band, the I band and thhe H zone. Which
W one or
o more of these
t
(i) contains acttin but not myosin?
m
……………
…………………………
……………
………………
……………
………………
………
(ii) shortens whhen the musscle contraccts?
……………
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[33 marks]
(c) Desccribe two ro

oles played by each of the followinng in musclle contractioon.
(i) ATP
……
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…………………………
[22 marks]
(ii) Calcium ioons
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.…… ………………
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[ mark]
[1
SMK KU
UBONG 4
964/2 STPM TRIA
AL EXAM
3. Diagraam 2 showss the formattion an antiggen-presenting cell.
Diagram 2
a) Naame cells S and T.
…………………………
……………… ……………
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[22 marks]
b) Naame the com

mponents labbeled P, Q and
a R.
………………
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[33 marks]
c) Staate the role of P.
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[ mark]
[1
d) Deescribe whaat would happpen when a pathogen enters the body

b of a peerson.
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[22 marks]
SMK KU
UBONG 5
964/2 STPM TRIA
AL EXAM
e) Hoow does thee pathogen present

p itself on the suurface membbrane of an
n antigen-preesenting
celll?
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[ mark]
[1
f) Whhy is an antigen-pres
a senting celll needed duuring the developmen
d nt of an im
mmunity
ressponse?
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[ mark]
[1
4. Diagraam 3 showss a simple aquatic ecosyystem.
Diagram 3
a) (i)) What is an
a ecosystem
m?
…
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[ mark]
[1
(iii) Name th
he organisms that are paart of the poond community.
…
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[ mark]
[1
SMK KU
UBONG 6
b) Salmon is a type of fish found in Norway. The food chain involving the salmon below is
represented in biomass (g m-2).
Phytoplankton Zooplankton Salmon

4.0 21.0 1.7
(i) Sketch and label a pyramid of biomass based on the information given.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why the biomass of phytoplankton is lower than that of the zooplankton.
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
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[2 marks]
(iii) What is meant by population?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
c) The table below shows the estimated energy content of the three trophic levels in a
grassland ecosystem.
Energy content/kJ m-2
Producers 5000
Herbivores 130
Carnivores 15
SMK KUBONG 7
(i) Calculate the energy decrease percentage between the producers and herbivores and
between herbivores and carnivores.
[1 mark]
(ii) In most communities, the biomass of primary consumers is less than the biomass of
producers. Explain why this is so.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
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[2 marks]
(iii) State what happens to the energy assimilated by producers but do not flow to the
primary consumers.
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[1 mark]
Section B [60 marks]

Answer any four questions in this section.
5. a) Compare photosynthesis and chemosynthesis in autotrophic nutrition with reference to

suitable examples. [4 marks]
b) Give a general explanation of heterotrophic nutrition. [6 marks]
c) State the problems encountered by parasites during nutrition and explain how these
problems can be overcome. [5 marks]
SMK KUBONG 8
6. a) Distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction. Which reproduction mechanism

produces better genetic diversity [5 marks]
b) Distinguish between binary fission, budding and fragmentation as types of asexual
reproduction. List animals that use each type to reproduce.
[10 marks]
7. a) Explain what is meant by the term mutation. [2 marks]

b) Explain why a single base deletion from one DNA molecule usually causes a greater
effect than the replacement of one base by another different base. [8 marks]
c) Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disease caused by mutation. Describe how this may
occur. [5 marks]
8. a) What is a lactose operon? [6 marks]

b) With the aid of a diagram, explain the effect of lactose on the lactose operon. [9 marks]
9. a) What is meant by ‘genetic screening’? [1 mark]

b) Describe, with examples, how genetic screening is carried out in humans. [14 marks]
10. Insects consist of about 900 000 species which show great diversity. Insects are animals
that are very successful in terms of the number species and individuals. Explain the
adaptation characteristics of insects that contribute to their success in diverse habitats.
[15 marks]
SMK KUBONG 9

SMK KUBONG STPM Trial 2010 Biology

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964/1

Answerr all questioons.

1. Sucroose solutionn cannot chaange Beneddict’s solutioon into brick

2. Theree are two rin

3. Whicch of the folllowing cann be synthesized in the human

4. The ffollowing diagram

5. Whicch of the folllowing is a characterisstic of a prookaryotic celll?

6. What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

14 Whaat is the causes of ‘altituude sicknessses’ that afffects mounttain climberrs?

15 Whaat happens during

16 The following diagram

17. Which statements are correct concerning root pressure?

21. If thhe sodium – potassium pump in thhe membranne of a neuroone is inactiivated by a

22. Thee diagram shhows a longgitudinal secction of a maize

23. What is the diffference in thhe mechaniism of actioon between steroid

24. Thee following statements describe thee humoral response

26. Thee diagram beelow showss the structuure of a monnocot seed.

Which of the foollowing is responsiblee for produccing hydrolyytic enzymees after

27. Thee table below

30. Which of the following is true of repressor protein?

33. Which of the following is the genotype of Klinefelter syndrome?

34. Which of the foollowing muutations in humans

35. Which of the foollowing is not true of mutation?

Which of the foollowing aree true of muutations I annd II?

38. Which of the following cause changes in the allele frequency?

40. The main section of the lactose operon consists of

42. Which statement is not true of the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

45. The following are transgenic organisms except

46. Which statement is true of allopatric speciation?

48. The carrying capacity is defined as

49. All ecosystems are dependent on energy input because

Section A [40 marks

1. The grraph below w show the relationship

a) Exxplain what is meant byy the follow

(iii) Pressure potential (ψ

b) Describe the condition of the potato cells at point P and Q.

2. Diagrram 1 repreesents a longgitudinal section througgh part of a striated muuscle.

(ii) Identify the parts labeeled A, B an

(ii) shortens whhen the musscle contraccts?

(c) Desccribe two ro

(ii) Calcium ioons

3. Diagraam 2 showss the formattion an antiggen-presenting cell.

a) Naame cells S and T.

b) Naame the com

c) Staate the role of P.

d) Deescribe whaat would happpen when a pathogen enters the body

e) Hoow does thee pathogen present

4. Diagraam 3 showss a simple aquatic ecosyystem.

Phytoplankton Zooplankton Salmon

(iii) What is meant by population?

Section B [60 marks]

5. a) Compare photosynthesis and chemosynthesis in autotrophic nutrition with reference to

6. a) Distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction. Which reproduction mechanism

7. a) Explain what is meant by the term mutation. [2 marks]

8. a) What is a lactose operon? [6 marks]

9. a) What is meant by ‘genetic screening’? [1 mark]

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