BSR 200 - BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

TRADITIONAL MALAY
HOUSE
GROUPMATE: PROVIDED FOR:
1) AMIR HAKIM BIN SHAHRIN EN. MOHD DZULKARNAEN BIN
2) MUHAMMAD FARIS IQBAL BIN RIDUAN SUDIRMAN
3) NOR AIN ASYIKIN BINTI AMAN

4) IZZAH IZZATI BINTI MOHD ZAIN

5) NUR SYAMIMI NATAYSHA BINTI MOHD DAUD
 INTRODUCTION

Malay Traditional House is one of the earliest architectures established in the

Malay Archipelago. It has been through a process of transformation since
thousands of years ago. The art of carpentry is passed down from generation
to generation. Until now the traces of these traditional houses can still be
seen and traced throughout the archipelago either physically or that have
become part of the historical artifacts documented by various government or
private organizations and heritage bodies.

by Amir Hakim
 SPECIALITY OF MALAY HOUSE

1) Always getting cold wind.
The traditional house has many
wind routes. These vents are
applied in designs that we can see,
on wooden floors, on windows or on
the roof.
3) Beautiful carving.
The abundant carvings on the stairs,
veranda walls and roofs of village
houses prove that the Malay
community is indeed good at carving
and carpentry.

2) Provides more safety.

Built on security factors, such as
to avoid being stalked and entered
by thieves, to avoid wild animals
and natural disasters such as
floods.

by Amir Hakim
 EXAMPLE OF MALAY TRADITIONAL HOUSES

I. Rumah Melaka
II. Rumah Kelantan
III. Rumah Melayu Sarawak
IV. Rumah Limas Johor
V. Rumah Serambi Pahang

by Amir Hakim
1.0 BUILDING BACKGROUND

First of all, this is the traditional malay house that we have

choose for this assignment. This traditional malay house is
built based on the Rumah Limas concept. This house is
located at TL KSB 1/4 Lot 5177 Pt.Andin 1, Mukim 6 Pt. Yaani,
83700 Batu Pahat, Johor. This house was built in 2014, and it
is still going strong till today. This shows that the house was
built with great care and with high-quality materials. Other
than that, this house construction consists only of five
parties. The builders made an outstanding job in building
this house because there were no flaws when it was
occupied.
by Faris Iqbal
2.0 BUILDING DESIGN
2.1 BUILDING DIMENSION

by Amir Hakim
2.0 BUILDING DESIGN
2.1 BUILDING DIMENSION

FRONT ELEVATION by Amir Hakim

2.0 BUILDING DESIGN
2.1 BUILDING DIMENSION

REAR ELEVATTION by Amir Hakim

2.0 BUILDING DESIGN
2.1 BUILDING DIMENSION

LEFT ELEVATTION by Amir Hakim

2.0 BUILDING DESIGN
2.1 BUILDING DIMENSION

RIGHT ELEVATTION by Amir Hakim

 2.2 BUILDING JOINTING
Because of the basic design of the roof beams and the
rectangular shape of the roof sections, the gable roof
is very popular. This avoids details that require a lot of
time or cost to complete and are vulnerable to
damage. A roof beam is a load-bearing element that is
important to the structural support of a building. It
protects the floor or roof above by giving the walls
strength. It also supports joists, trusses, and other
roofing components. The low walls are dominated by ROOF BEAMS
large gabled roofs that have different orientations and TYPES: GABLED ROOF
proportions, creating a unique visual form. A roof
beam is the thickest and most important element of a
roof or levels of a property. This roof used material
aluminium zinc roofing sheets.
by Ain Asyikin
 2.2 BUILDING JOINTING
This structure consists primarily of post and lintel
construction with timber framing and a gabled roof.
The entire house was constructed without the use of a
single nail in the traditional method. Dowels and
wedges were used to connect and hold the timber
components together. Load-bearing walls through the
middle of the house are frequently unnecessary
because timber-frame construction is so strong. If the
structural shell is required immediately, the ground TIMBER BEAMS
conditions are extremely poor, or the design does not TYPES: TIMBER FRAMING
incorporate very wide structural spans, timber frames
may be the best option. There are always large
openings on the sides of the building to providing good
ventilation.
by Ain Asyikin
 2.2 BUILDING JOINTING
Columns are commonly employed to support beams
or arches that support the upper portions of walls or
ceilings. They raise the main building 500mm above
ground level to prevent flood waters and animals or
insects from entering their home, and they also raise
the building floor high above ground level to reduce
the interior house temperature since hot air from the
earth will not directly reach the house. The column is TIMBER COLUMNS
installed above the footing and is made of tropical
rainforest hardwood from the local area.

by Ain Asyikin
 2.3 BUILDING SPACES
Rumah Ibu is one of the main spaces in the design of
Malay houses. This main space is called "Mother's
House" because in conjunction with respecting the
role of the mother as the house manager and family
provider. Mothers are also considered to have a
noble position and should be respected. In
accordance with its name and function as a place for
family members to rest and relax together. This
clearly shows that the Malay community attaches
RUMAH IBU great importance to the bond of friendship between
family members to be happy and harmonious.

by Syamimi
 2.3 BUILDING SPACES
Rumah Tengah also serves as a place for women to
cook and a special place for female guests to symbolize
the role of women behind men according to the
position of the kitchen after the mother's house. This
space also serves as a special place for family members
to gather while eating.

Outsiders are not allowed to enter the kitchen at will to

avoid elements of slander in society. It is also a place
where parents deliver messages, advice fund views to
RUMAH TENGAH family members. The philosophy is to strengthen
family ties and friendships between family members
and the Malay community. maintaining family ties.

by Syamimi
 2.3 BUILDING SPACES
Veranda space is commonly used by men to do
housework such as weaving trawl, nets and so on.
Veranda is a place for men to relax and discuss. This
space is also referred to as the porch. The use of the
porch in front of the house as a reception and the
living room courtyard is clearly reserved for the
guests. Malays also usually have a space on one side
of the house as a place to gather or be active. This
space serves as an area if you want to perform a
VERANDA ceremony such as a feast, association and so on.

by Syamimi
 2.3 BUILDING SPACES
The backyard space of a traditional Malay house is a
space that connects the activities of the kitchen space
of a traditional Malay house such as bathing, washing
and cooking. This space is a space for wet activities to
be done. Sometimes, the backyard space becomes a
BACKYARD gathering space for women during feasts and other
social activities. The kitchen is also a private part and
is not given much attention in Malay society in
general.

by Syamimi
 2.3 BUILDING SPACES
The Malay community will usually do activities outside the
home. These activities will be carried out either under the
house or or in the home environment. For indoor activities,
it is usually related to the guests as well as the bedding.
Waqaf hut is commonly used to relax and also do daily
activities for housewives such as weaving mats, weaving
ketupat and others.
This is in accordance with the culture of the Malay
community which practices Malay culture as the identity of
the community. The actions of the Malay community resting
on the bench are related to Malay culture. The waqaf hut is
WAQAF HUT also a place for the Malay community to chat while waiting
for the time to clean themselves after returning from work in
the fields.

by Syamimi
2.4 BUILDING SYMBOLS AND CHARACTERISTIC

The symbols of the traditional Johor Malay houses known as

Limas house is the architecture of their roofs that have a long
ridge and connected by four Limas ridges descending to the
eaves. At the end of the eaves, the roof is decorated with
wooden openwork carvings. The house is easily recognized
based on its roof top which is fitted with sharp-shaped wood
called as point to the sky (Tunjak Langit).
Next, this type of house has a front space called a veranda and
at the end of the veranda is called a porch. This foyer space is
separated from the main house space using wooden walls.
While the main house and kitchen space are separated by an
interval or corridor space.Johor Malay houses building materials
are from cengal wood, keranji, penak, meranti and so on.

by Syamimi
Among the factors that influence the architecture of Limas house are climate,
Islam, social and environmental factors. Islamic factors cause houses to be built
according to the direction of Qiblat and the space between men and women is
separated. The existence of the open plan concept resulted in the existence of
various forms of physical symbols of separators. The guest zone is usually at the
front while the family zone is at the back of the house. The house will also be
cooler due to ventilation in all parts (from top, sides and bottom). In addition, the
empty space at the bottom of the house (also called ‘pods’) becomes a suitable
place to store items. Other than that, Climatic factors and the location of housing
close to the forest cause this five -storey house with pillars with the floor high
above the ground so that it can overcome soil moisture and can prevent wild
animals from entering. In addition, these pillars can also prevent the space inside
the house from flooding.
by Syamimi
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

1) This traditional house used timber are

their main elements for construction
because wood wall panelling is frequently
associated with both cosy, rustic homes
and the luxurious interiors of Malay
traditional house. TIMBER WALL

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

2) Traditional style homes combine

functionality and accessibility with a
timeless appearance. By using timber
floor, it contributes to a healthier indoor
air. Unlike carpets, wooden floors don't
accumulate allergens.
WOODEN
Dimension FLOOR
Width: 15m
Length: 12m
by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

3) Rumah traditional Johor used timber

staircase because timber is durable as it is a
strong and durable material that is ideal for
heavy-duty structures. Besides, timber
creates a beautiful appearance for human
eyes. WOODEN
STAIRCASE

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

4) Traditional house has a lot of shape so by

using zinc as their material for roof is strategic
because zinc is easily shaped, Furthermore, zinc
less expensive to transport because of the
weight of the zinc is light.

Dimension ZINC ROOF

Width: 12m
Length: 15m

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

5) Traditional house mostly use shellac finishes

because most of the component are made of
wood. Shellac used to protect timber from water
that can leads timber to rot.

FINISHES

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

6) Traditional house mostly use timber but as the

construction industry getting bigger and modern
using foundation is a must. Foundation is there
to provide support and ensure safety of the
house structure. Even the foundation is not the
same as modern house foundation technique.
The component is still the same. FINISHES

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

7) Lintel is to support the door and window

frame. Traditional house lintel has an extra
function to help ventilation. Traditional house
lintel has a special feature which is filigree.
Filigree is a carving of natural flora and it is
different based on the client request.
LINTEL

by Izzah
3.0 BUILDING ARCHITECTURE
3.1 BUILDING ELEMENTS TYPES

8) Column is same as the modern house, but the

different is on the traditional house column build
on the ground. Even most of the house structure
made from timber, the structure needs a
support system by an r.c. column.

COLUMN

by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
PANELLED
1) Panelled door used for this traditional house. DOOR

It is used because panelled door has been

popular for a long time. The owner said that this
door are used because its hard and strong to be
an exterior door.

Dimension
Width: 64 inches
Length: 80 inches
by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
DOOR
2) This house has a bifold bathroom door
because folding doors can effectively save space
while adding convenience and comfort to life.
When necessary, the simple push pull or slide
and fold action can easily join or separate tow
spaces.

Dimension
Width: 60 inches
Length: 16 inches

by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
CASMENT
WINDOW
3) Casement windows were used in this home
because they provide the tightest seal possible
and come with a multipoint locking system that
seals type on all four sides of the window.

Dimension
Width:1800 mm
Length: 1205 mm

by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
AWNING
WINDOW
4) Awning windows are used because they open
from the top and create an awning effect.
Furthermore, it provides weather protection while
still allowing for ventilation. This type of window
are usually place in bathroom.

Dimension
Width: 1200mm
Length: 530mm
by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
WINDOW

5) This style of window is commonly found in

traditional homes. It adds an aesthetic look to a
traditional home.

Dimension
Width: 1200mm
Length: 1205mm

by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
TIMBER
CEILING
6) The traditional Johor house had a timber
ceiling, and wood was used as a building material
in general. Wood's weather resistance, heat and
electricity conduction, and acoustic benefits
make it a highly desirable material in many
traditional houses.

Dimension
Width: 15m
Length: 12m

by Izzah
 3.2 BUILDING ELEMENTS
SUSPENDED
CEILING
7) In this part of bathroom, suspended
ceiling are used because suspended ceilings
resists moisture which mean that the space
will be more hygienic and healthy.

by Izzah
3.3 BUILDING SERVICES (MECHANICAL)

1) 2) 3)

AIR CONDITIONING CEILING FAN WALL MOUNTED FAN

by Izzah
 3.3 BUILDING SERVICES (ELECTRICAL)

1) 2) 3)

OLD TELEVISION OPEN FLUORESCENT COMPACT FLUORESCENT

LUMINAIRE LAMP

by Izzah
3.3 BUILDING SERVICES (ELECTRICAL)

4) 5)

DISTRIBUTION BOX
ELECTRICAL SHOWER HEATER

by Izzah
 3.3 BUILDING SERVICES (PLUMBING)

1) 2) 3)

OUTSIDE PIPE WALL MOUNTED SINK WATER TAP

by Izzah
 3.3 BUILDING SERVICES (PLUMBING)

4) 5)

WATER METER
TOILET BOWL

by Izzah
 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the traditional Malay house has several traits that distinguish it
from modern house building. Each element in the home has its own benefits
and roles in ensuring that a house may be occupied comfortably and without
issues. Other than that, traditional Malay houses are also more durable and
may survive for a long period. This is due to the fact that the house is composed
of high-quality teak wood. This wood is also quite valuable if you want to utilise
it to build a house and comes at a premium cost. Despite the fact that nails
were created and employed in home construction, early structures did not
utilised nails to bind wood to wood. The mortise technique is used to put the
wood together, which is what distinguishes the traditional Malay house.
Wooden houses may also be dismantled and rebuilt in new locations without
the use of nails. The bulk of Southeast Asia's ancient Malays practised a self-
regenerating environmental culture.

by Faris Iqbal
Thank you ! Have a great
day ahead.

Slide by Faris Iqbal