Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER I
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Introduction
The rapid changes in the environment do not only affect the nature but also its
inhabitants. These bring skin problems which set an alarming issue in tropical areas and
are active. Parallel to this, the World Health Organization (WHO) linked skin deseases
with mortality rates of 20,000 residents in Sub-Sarahan in Africa in 2001 (Mathers 2006).
Moreover, several studies were conducted from the macro to the micro level
skin disease acne with chronic disorders such as asthma, diabetes and arthritis and
finds comparable deficits in objective measurements of life quality. Hence, the WHO
journal stressed that problems such as skin diseases should not be simply ignored,
since skin problems keep on bothering the health organizations globally and locally. Skin
diseases in developing countries cause the loss of productivity both to school and work
Munoz (2015), asserted that skin diseases have always been part of local culture
Allergens, environmental irritants, infection, hereditary factors and stress are just
a few of the forces that can trigger or execrate skin troubles (Figuroa and others 1998;
Hietework, 1998).
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Maluanluan, Pola, Oriental Mindoro
According to Health Media Ventures (2017), the terms skin condition and skin
disorders are used interchangeably to describe various skin problems from small red
bumps on the skin to widespread rashes. Furthermore, skin disorders are classified into
different kinds such as acne which occurs when dead skin cells clog the pores.
Pimples under the skin surface that erupt with white centre are called
blackheads. Also, a cold sore is a fluid filled blisters that often appear on clusters around
the lips, eczema which is dry and itchy skin condition, hives that is an itchy and raised
welts that can be red or skin-coloured. Meanwhile, a butterfly-shaped rush across face is
a classic symptom of lupus, ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus that can be
itchy. Other skin disorders are shingles, skin cancer virtiligo and warts.
Many options are available for treating skin disorders. Different types of solutions
and concentrations are made depending upon the types of skin conditions. Ointments,
creams, sprays, gels, soap and other treatment applied directly to the skin are commonly
recommended to reduce swelling and finally eliminate acne causing pimple to the skin
perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceac. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent
and Southeast Asia. Studies disclosed its healing properties and cosmetic benefits.
Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and contains properties that
contribute to natural glow and lustre of the skin. Turmeric can heal wounds by
decreasing inflammation and oxidations. It can also help controlling flares and other
symptoms of psoriasis.
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Maluanluan, Pola, Oriental Mindoro
Parallel to this claim is the Style Craze Blog (2017), which recognize the potential
of Guava leaves to prevent the release of histamine. Other compounds found in guava
leaves are found effective in blocking all allergic reactions. Also, guava leaves have
healing properties that can treat wounds such as cuts, impact abrasion etc. The
eliminating acne and black spots from the skin as it contains an antiseptic that can kill
Due to stress brought by too much work and studying, acne breakouts
used these substances for treating skin diseases. It is believed that it would not only
treat damaged skin but also bring back self-confidence. Studies revealed that persons
with skin problems are less confident than those who do not have.
With the aforementioned claims and studies, the researchers became interested
to mix turmeric powder and guava leaves extract to test its feasibility as treatment soap
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Maluanluan, Pola, Oriental Mindoro
Objectives
Generally, this study determined the effectiveness of turmeric and guava leaves
Specifically, it aims to help people lessen if not totally cure peoples’ skin
problems especially acne and black spots. Also, it targets to bring back the self- esteem
of people suffering such skin problems and lastly, to provide a natural, herbal, cheap and
Hypothesis
The mixture of Curcuma Longa powder and Guava Leaves extract is not an
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Maluanluan, Pola, Oriental Mindoro
This study would provide certain level of usefulness and advantages to the
from the study would be of great help to future researchers who may intend to conduct
similar studies and or apply other variables in their study. These results could serve as
basis for future researchers in the conduct of their future scientific studies.
as the study would give them an idea about the feasibility of herbs as primary
ingredients in making soap. This would further help them in giving students who would
Students. This study would be important to the students since they are the
respondents of the study. In addition, the purpose of the research study would also help
to determine feasibility of Curcuma longa and guava leaves as an effective skin soap
administrators since they would be helped to analyse and assess the effectiveness of
soap made by turmeric and guava leaves. Hence, the school could consider this study
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Parents. The parents of the students can determine the advantages of the soap.
They would also guide their children in choosing the soap that would lessen if not totally
This study focused only on the feasibility of Curcuma Longa and guava leaves as
an alternative skin soap treatment in terms of fragrance of the soap, texture of the skin
after using the soap and improve skin health after testing the soap.
Students from other schools were not included as respondents of this study. The
researchers themselves were not even valid as one of the informants. This has focused
on the feasibility of the soap as effective skin treatment soap and not its possible side
effects.
Moreover, this study tested the effects the soap in skin diseases such white
spot ,white heads, black heads, pimples, prickly heat rash and acne. Other skin diseases
The time frame to conduct this research ranged from the month of January to
March 2018.
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Maluanluan, Pola, Oriental Mindoro
Definition of terms
To ensure clarity and understanding of the data presented in this study, the
Acne. It is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that causes spots and pimples,
especially on the face, shoulders, back, neck, chest, and upper arms.
response in which their immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise
Black heads. These are small bumps that appear on your skin due to clogged
hair follicles. These bumps are called blackheads because the surface looks dark or
black. Blackheads are a mild type of acne that usually forms on the face, but they can
also appear on the pats such as back chest, neck, arms and shoulders.
member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). Its rhizomes (underground stems) are the
Dark spots. These are also known as age spots or black spots. They are
discoloured patches of skin that can appear on your face, shoulders, arms, or back and
can be in shades of red, brown, or grey. These spots appear due to the over secretion of
Guava leaves. These are the leaves of the guava trees which are full of
antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-bacterial, and even tannins that can have
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significant health benefits, from treating stomach troubles to chronic diseases like
cancer.
Pimples. These are also called acne, which occur when the skin’s oil glands are
Pores. These are the small openings in the skin that release oils and sweat.
Skin disorders. These vary greatly in symptoms and severity. They can be
temporary or permanent, and may be painless or painful. Some have situational causes,
southwest Polynesia, Melanesia, Southeast Asia, India, and Central America. The skin
lesions are often itchy, and mainly in the torso and limbs.
Whiteheads. These are developed when dead skin cells, sebum (oil), and dirt
clog the pores. Unlike blackheads, which can be pushed out, whiteheads are closed
proximal extremities. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus Malassezia
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CHAPTER II
This chapter presents a brief but comprehensive review of related literature and
studies which contain foreign and local readings collected from online referrences. It is
believed that the inclusion of these literature and studies would provide support to the
current study.
Related Literature
Skin diseases, like acne, are such skin troubles which make people feel inferior
to show in the public. It is mostly found among teenagers whose bodies undergo
hormonal changes. Even though there are no life risks from these skin diseases, it is a
There are more beneficial skin disorder remedies and one of these is the use of
herbal plants such as turmeric or curcuma longa and guava leaves. It provides best
treatment and powerful against all skin problems especially the acne. Turmeric and
guava leaves containing anti-bacterial and anti-septic properties is most beneficial and a
key ingredient in helping treating the skin infections, acne, lightening acne scars and
From the study of Vaughn., et.al. (2016), turmeric (Curcuma longa), a commonly
used spice throughout the world, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory,
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dermatologic diseases. This systematic review was conducted to examine the evidence
for the use of both topical and ingested turmeric/curcuma to modulate skin health and
function.
The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for clinical
studies involving humans that examined the relationship between products containing
turmeric, curcuma, and skin health. Skin conditions examined include acne, alopecia,
atopic dermatitis, facial photo aging, oral lichen planus, pruritus, psoriasis, radio
dermatitis, and vitiligo. Ten studies noted statistically significant improvement in skin
supplements, both oral and topical, may provide therapeutic benefits for skin health.
Moreover, Şanlier (2017) also indicated that turmeric was used for the medical
lipophilic polyphenol substance called "curcumin," which is acquired from the rhizomes
anticancer effects and, thanks to these effects, to have an important role in prevention
the biological activity and physiological effects of the curcumin on the body by
synthesizing curcumin analogues. This article reviews the history, chemical and physical
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on health of curcumin.
On the other hand, Saba (2017) studied that guava leaves are packed with
guava leaves which are considered as a natural pain reliever. The chemicals contained
Aquino, C., et.al. (2010), Philippine Journal of Surgical Specialties presented the
in-vitro study which showed the ability of the guava extract to inhibit the growth of
Guava has very potent antioxidant properties and a study found that the leaf has
much more potent free radical scavenging properties, making it perfect to keep wrinkles
at bay. Apart from that the leaves also have compounds that help tone the skin and
therefore help reduce the appearance of wrinkles. You may also like to read about
leaves have very effective antibacterial properties that are extremely effective against
bacteria that cause acne. Apart from that the study also found that guava leaves also
have anti-inflammatory properties that help calm the skin and reduce the appearance of
pimples.
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Guavas leaves also have anti-allergic properties that help prevent the production
of histamines (a compound that is produced by the body to fight off foreign material. This
causes inflammation and formation of allergic symptoms) by the body and therefore is
great to help treat patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. Apart from that the leaves
also have anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce the redness and itchiness
Guava can also help get rid of blemishes, red and black spots from your face.
The leaf has components that not only help reduce inflammation and kill bacteria but it
also helps lighten blemishes by acting as a toning agent. Here are some more home
Related Studies
Akram, et.al. (2010) stated that curcumin is the principal curcuminoid of the
popular Indian spice turmeric, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).
The curcuminoids are polyphenols and are responsible for the yellow color of turmeric.
Curcumin can exist in at least two tautomeric forms, keto and enol. The enol form is
Studies have shown that curcumin is not toxic to humans. Curcumin exerts anti-
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bloods clumps. Curcumin inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori, which causes gastric
ulcers and has been linked with gastric cancers. Curcumin can bind with heavy metals
such as cadmium and lead, thereby reducing the toxicity of these heavy metals. This
Ferrari (2013) supported that turmeric inhibits the growth of several different
conditions such as bursitis, arthritis and back pain. Turmeric’s anti-inflammatory action is
likely due to a combination of three different properties. First, turmeric lowers the
action of the body’s natural anti-inflammatory adrenal hormone, cortisol, and finally,
turmeric improves circulation, thereby flushing toxins out of small joints where cellular
wastes and inflammatory compounds are frequently trapped. Research has also
The same to the study of Nasri, (2014), wherein medicinal plants have provided a
reliable source for preparation of new drugs as well as combating diseases, from the
dawn of civilization. The extensive survey of the literature revealed that Curcuma longa
wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. Apart from the uses as spice, it is used as
traditional medicine in Asian countries such as India, Bangladesh and Pakistan because
of its beneficial properties. It is has been in continuous use for its flavoring, and
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medicinal properties.
known mostly for its use in Indian dishes as a common ingredient in curries and other
ethnic meals. Turmeric has also been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine, which
integrates the medicinal properties of herbs with food. This extraordinary herb has found
its way into the spotlight in the west because of its wide range of medicinal benefits.
Otherwise, Abukar, (2009) showed that Psidium guajava Linn. is one of such
medicinal plants belonging to the family Myrtaceae that is also used as a source of food.
It is a genus of about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. Thriving in all types
of soils, the guava is widely distributed and the fruits enrich the diets of millions of people
in the tropics of the world. Guava, also known as the poor man’s apple of the tropics,
has a long history of traditional use, a good proportion of which have been validated by
scientific research.
Some of the ethno-medicinal uses include the crushing of the leaves and the
application of the liquids coming out from them on wounds, cuts, ulcers, boils, skin and
soft tissue infectious site, rheumatic places. The phytochemical components of the
guava plant have been established in previous studies. Since rural people have
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developed techniques in treating their cuts, wounds, burns, skin and soft tissues by
application of a paste made from the fresh or dried leaves of the guava and there are no
published reports to support that, it will be interesting to investigate the usefulness of the
plant in treating these infections. The present study is aimed at evaluating the
antimicrobial potential of crude leaf extracts of Psidium guava Linn against pathogenic
bacteria associated with wound, skin and soft tissue infections. The effects of pH and
temperature on the efficacy of the crude extracts have also been investigated to simulate
the acidic conditions found in the stomach and the gastrointestinal tract.
Similarly, Joseph, (2011) contended the medicinal properties of guava fruit, leaf
and other parts of the plant are also well known in traditional system of medicine. Guava
plant parts are used for the development of various industrial and pharmaceutical
products.
In the present review, the nutritional value of guava fruit and medicinal properties
and its various parts have been discussed to provide collective information on its multi-
purpose commercial values. The plant has been extensively studied in terms of
pharmacological activity of its major components, and the results indicate potent anti-
utilizing traditional medicines that have a long and proven history of treating various
standardization and clinical trials is needed to exploit their therapeutic utility to combat
various diseases.
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology utilized in the study in the making of the soap
Materials
This study would make use of guava leaves extract, Curcuma longa (turmeric
powder), base soap (dove white), pan, gas stove, beaker and soap moulder.
Soap Development
In order to make the soap, these are the procedures that the researchers have
followed. First, chop the sensitive soap (Dove) and Pour soap base into small pieces.
The sensitive soap serves as the base are going to place into heat-safe container and
melt in the pan with water using gas stove. Next, they released the pan into the stove
when the chop soap is already viscous. Then, mix 2 teaspoons of turmeric powder and
50 ml of guava leaves extract. After mixing the turmeric and guava leaves extract, put
the mixture into the melted soap. Lastly, pour the soap into each cavity of the soap
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The researchers derived the respondents from different grade level and
sections of Domingo Yu National High School. The respondents were drawn from the
Knowing that adolescence starts at the age of 12, we arrived to choose most
of our respondents from grade seven (7) pupils and some from grade 10 which is
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First, the researchers asked for the approval of their research capstone adviser to
pursue their chosen study which is Curcuma longa and guava leaves as a skin soap
treatment. Next, they undergo research to prove the feasibility of their study. They
After the research, they conducted an experiment to visualize their future product.
The researchers made their soap using the primary materials they need such as
The researchers asked permission from the students to conduct the testing of the
soap. Only 15 respondents were allowed to use the soap in a week as part of the study.
After the approval, the selected students took the test of using the soap made from
to gather the result. The results were presented in the form of bar graph where needed
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The researchers made use of the standard rating to assess the feasibility of
Scale Description
5 Always Observed
4 Frequently Observed
3 Sometimes Observed
2 Rarely Observed
1 Not Observed
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CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Table 1 shows the Feasibility of Curcuma Longa and Guava leaves in terms of
Fragrance of the soap results to frequently observe. Three of the items result to always
observe with the means 4.67,4.73 and 4.8. Meanwhile, the remaining item with the mean
of 1.39 and 1.27 are described as not observed. Thus, the overall mean of the fragrance
of the soap was 3.50 or Frequently Observed. It meant that most of the respondents
concluded that that they feel relaxed after using the soap and they love the scent of it.
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Table 2 which is the Feasibility of Curcuma Longa and Guava leaves in terms of
Texture of the skin after using the soap results to frequently observed. Three of the
items result to 4.93, 4.70 and 4.60 which was described as always observed.
Meanwhile, the two remaining items which both have had 1.80 and 1.60 were
considered rarely observed. However, the Overall mean of Improvement of Skin Health
after using the soap was 3.53 or Frequently Observed. It meant that most of the
respondents concluded that the soap is highly possible to smoothen and soften their skin
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Table 3 which is the Feasibility of Curcuma Longa and Guava leaves in terms of
improvement of skin health after using the soap results to frequently observed. All of the
items were Frequently Observed with the means of 4.87, 4.80 and 4.73. However, there
are means of Improvement of Skin Health after using the soap that was 1.60 or rarely
observed and 1.47 or not observed. It meant that most of the respondents concluded
that the soap is highly possible to improve the skin health after the period of continuously
using the soap. Also, the respondents didn’t felt any irritation when using the soap. It
was observed that the acne continuously lessen and the skin was more healthier than
before.
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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings
fragrance of the soap has three items described as always observed with a means of
4.67, 4.73 and 4.87. In the remaining two items with a mean of 1.39 and 1.27 it was
described as not observed. It has an overall mean of 3.50 which was described as
frequently observed. Therefore , it can be interpreted that the soap has a good fragrance
2. In terms of the texture of the skin of the after using the soap( curcuma longa
and guava leaves extract) has three items of always observed with a means of 4.93,
4.70 and 4.60. However, there are two items which was described as rarely observed
with a means of 1.80 and 1.60. It has an overall mean of 3.53 which was described as
frequently observed and indicates that the smoothness and glowing of the skin after
3. The feasibility of Curcuma Longa and Guava Leaves extract for skin treatment
in terms of the improvement of skin health after using the soap results in frequently
observed with the overall mean of 3.50. There are three items described as always
observed with the means of 4.87, 4.80 and 4.73. Meanwhile, there are two items with the
means of 1.60 and 1.47 which was described as rarely observed and not observed.
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Conclusion
1. In terms of the fragrance of the soap the feasibility of curcuma longa and
guava leaves extract was frequently observed with the overall mean of 3.50. Therefore ,
most of the respondents concluded that that they feel relaxed after using the soap and
2. With the overall of 3.53 which was described as frequently observed it can be
interpreted that most of the respondents concluded that the soap is highly possible to
smoothen and soften their skin after the period of continuously using the soap.
3. The improvement of the skin health after using the soap was frequently
observed with the overall mean of 3.50. Most of the respondents concluded that the
soap is highly possible to improve the skin health after the period of continuously using
the soap.
We therefore conclude that the mixture of Curcuma Longa powder and Guava
Leaves extract was effective skin treatment soap. Based from the data gathered, there
was a feasibility of Curcuma longa and Guava leaves as aneffective skin treatment soap
in terms of fragrance of the soap, texture of the skin after using the soap and improve of
skin health after using the soap. Most of the respondents countered positive feedback on
the usage of the soap.The respondents frequently observed that the Curcuma longa and
Guava leaves extract soap really help them in reducing the skin diseases they had like
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Recommendations
recommendations.
1. As for the students who have a positive feedback in using the skin treatment
soap made by Curcuma Longa and Guava Leaves extract, the continual use
2. For the researchers, improvement for the making or the production of the
soap is needed in order to have a safer and valuable product. In addition, for
the future researchers we advised them to conduct a study about the other
uses of Curcuma Longa and Guava Leaves extract soap aside from treating
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