Earth and Life Science

Four Pics One Word

TRITACNE
INTERACT
GWHTRO
GROWTH
LECLS
CELLS
Match the characteristic of
living things to the image
where it is exhibited.
a. Living things grow and develop
b. Living things reproduce
c. Living things metabolize

d. Living things are organized

e. Living things respond to stimuli
f. Living things interact
g. Living things adapt and evolve
Arrange the biological
hierarchy from the
smallest level to the
greatest
Organ system Tissue

Organism Population

Biosphere Molecules
Ecosystem Cell

Atoms Organ

Community
Atom

Smallest unit of an element

Composed of electrons,
protons, and neutrons
Building blocks of matter
Ex. Hydrogen & oxygen
Molecule

Union of two or more atoms

of the same or different
elements (chemical bonding)
Water = H₂O
Glucose = C₆H₁₂O₆
Salt = NaCl
Cell

The structural and

functional unit of all living
things
Tissue

A group of cells with

common structure and
function
Skin tissue (epidermis,
dermis, hypodermins)
Muscle tissues
Tissue

Conducting tissues (xylem

and phloem) in plants
Organ

Composed of tissues
functioning together for a
specific task

Leaves, stem, roots (plants)

Organ system

Composed of several organs

working together

Circulatory system
Nervous system
Digestive system
Organism

An individual; complex
individuals contain organ
system

Human
Mango tree
Population

Organisms of the same

species in a particular area
interacting together

Human population

Banana plantation
Community

Consists of different
populations (different
species) living and sharing a
particular habitat.
Community

A forest with trees and

undergrowth plants,
inhabited by animals and
bacteria and fungi in the soil
Ecosystem

Composed of communities
interacting with the non-
living components of the
environment which include
the soil, water, temperature,
and even light
Ecosystem

Ex. Tropical rain forest

Biosphere

Consists of all ecosystems

on earth whether they
support life on land, water,
or lower atmosphere. It is
where all interactions
happen.
Biosphere

Regions of the earth’s crust,

waters, and atmosphere
inhabited by living things
Unifying themes in the study
of life show the connections
among living things and how
they interact with each
other and with their
environment.
Unifying themes connect
concepts from many fields in
biology.
Importance of Organization
in Biology

Compartmentalized focus

Gives glimpse of new

characteristics not present
in previous hierarchy of
organization (emergent
properties).
To determine the themes of
biology, you can observe a
growing plant.

You can observe the

organization, interaction,
matter and energy,
information, and evolution.
Organization is when from a
seed, a plant sprouts and
grows to another definite
structure with differing
functions
Interaction is when during
its growth, the plant
internally maintained
homeostasis for optimal
growth while interacting
with external factors.
Homeostasis is a property of
systems that regulate
themselves to a relatively
stable state.

Balance
Ex. Deciduous trees drop
their leaves in cold weather
to reduce their metabolism
Ex. Arctic poppy grows in
the direction of the sun to
increase the amount of
radiative heat it gains
(heliotropism).
Growth is a complex and
energy-consuming process;
the growth of the plant had
to be supplied with energy
coming from the nutrients in
the soil and water.
Information and evolution
are indirectly observed by
whatever the plant is
presently.

Physical features, functions, and

molecular make-up
Plants are thought to have
evolved from an aquatic
green alga protist. Later,
they evolved important
adaptations for land,
including vascular tissues,
seeds, and flowers
The main difference between
vascular and non-vascular
plants is that vascular plants
contain a specialized xylem and
phloem tissues for the
transportation of water and
foods, while non-vascular plants
do not contain specialized
vascular tissues for transport
Protists are a group of all the
eukaryotes that are not fungi,
animals, or plants
Protists are eukaryotes, which
means their cells have a
nucleus and other membrane-
bound organelles. Most, but not
all, protists are single-celled
Protists may be single-celled
like bacteria, and they may look
like a fungus. They also may
hunt for food like an animal or
photosynthesize like a plant
Adaptation and Evolution
Adaptation

Inherited trait that helps the

organisms to survive and
reproduce in its environment
This leafy sea dragon fish have evolved adaptations that
allow them to blend in with their environment (in this
case, seaweed) to avoid the attention of hungry
predators.
Behavioral adaptation (Emperor penguins in Antarctica
crowd together to share their warmth in the middle of
winter.)
An example of biological adaptation can
be seen in the bodies of people living at
high altitudes, such as Tibet. Tibetans
thrive at altitudes where oxygen levels
are up to 40 percent lower than at sea
level. Breathing air that thin would cause
most people to get sick, but Tibetans’
bodies have evolved changes in their
body chemistry. Most people can survive
at high altitudes for a short time because
their bodies raise their levels of
hemoglobin, a protein that transports
oxygen in the blood.
Evolution

A generation-to-generation
change in relationship to
various inherited genes in a
population
Evolution

A scientific thought that would

explain or make sense of all
living organisms

Fossil records – organisms have

been evolving for billions of
years now
Evolution

This accounts for the vast

diversity and variation of
organisms in the past and
present

Fossil records show evidences

of unity
The Origin of Species
By: Charles Darwin
The Origin of Species

“contemporary species arose

from a succession of ancestors
that differed from them”

“natural selection is the

primary reason of descent with
modification”
“contemporary species arose
from a succession of ancestors
that differed from them”

Descent with modification

Natural selection

the process whereby organisms

better adapted to their
environment tend to survive and
produce more offspring
Energy, Life, and Interaction
with the Environment
Energy

Common characteristic

To perform life processes

Growing, reproducing, moving,

intracellular processes