Practice Exercise 5

Do as indicated:
1. A researcher wants to determine the effect of an unknown extract using low and high
dosages on the number of abnormal sperms produced inside the male rats. The statistics
were shown below.

Low High
Average abnormal sperm count 144,950 275,608
Variances 32,140 17,758
Sample Size 47 49

Is there evidence to say that a lower dosage of the unknown extract has a lower average
sperm count than the higher dosage? Test the hypothesis at 10% level of significance.

1. Ho : There is no significant difference on the average sperm count that male rats
produce between lower dosage and higher dosage of an unknown extract.
Ha : The average sperm count that male rats produce is lower when the dosage of the
unknown extract is lower than the higher dosage.

2. a = 0.10, left tailed test

x̄ 1−x̄ 2

√ 1 , t0.10/2(94) = 1.645
2 2
3. tc = ( n1 −1 ) s 1+(n2−1) s 2 1
( + )
n1 +n2 −2 n1 n2

4. Reject Ho, if | tc | > | ta/2 |. Otherwise, accept the null hypothesis.

144,950−275,608
5. tc =
√ ( 47−1 ) 32,140+ ( 49−1 ) 17,758 1 1
94
( + )
47 49

−130,658
tc =
√
( 46 ) 32,140+ ( 48 ) 17,758 1 1

tc = -4064.01
94
( + )
47 49

6. Since | tc | = 4064.01 > | ta/2 | = 1.645, reject the null hypothesis in favor of the
alternative hypothesis.

7. Thus, we can conclude that there is a significant difference in the average sperm
count that male rats produce when the dosage of the unknown extract is lower. Male
rats produce lower average sperm count in the low dosage.
2. A public school is considering the revision of its reading course. The school believes that
the revised course will improve the reading comprehension skills of its students. The
school has decided to conduct an experiment to evaluate the revised course before it is
offered to the general student body. Pairs of students were formed based on their grades
in the Reading course in the previous semester. A random sample of 10 pairs was then
selected. A randomization process was again used to determine which student in the pair
would be taught using the revised course. At the end of the course, all the students in the
sample were given the same exam. Based on the scores below, can it be concluded at
0.05 level of significance that the revised course has improved the reading
comprehension of the students?

Pair Scores of students who Scores of students who

used the existing course used the revised course
(X) (Y)
1 211 221
2 231 216
3 191 203
4 216 224
5 207 201
6 203 178
7 201 188
8 179 159
9 179 177
10 211 197

SOLUTION :
Pair x y y-x (y - x)2
1 211 221 10 100 đ=
∑d
n
2 231 216 -15 225
3 191 203 12 144 −65
đ=
4 216 224 8 64 10
5 207 201 -6 36
đ = - 6.5
6 203 178 -25 625

√
7 201 188 -13 169 2
sd = n ∑ d −(∑ d)
2

8 179 159 -20 400

n(n−1)
9 179 177 -2 4

√
10 211 197 -14 196 2
10 ( 1963 ) −(−65)
sd =
n = 10 -65 1963 10(10−1)

sd = 13.08
1. Ho : There is no significant difference between the scores of students who used the
existing course and the revised course.
Ha : There is a significant difference between the scores of students who used the
existing course and the revised course.

2. a = 0.05, two tailed test

đ
3. tc = sd , t0.05/2(9) = 2.262
√n
4. Reject Ho, if | tc | > | ta/2 |. Otherwise, accept the null hypothesis.

−6.5
5. tc = 13.08
√10

tc = 1.57

6. Since | tc | = 1.57 < | ta/2 | = 2.262, we accept the null hypothesis.

7. Thus, we can conclude that there is no significant difference between the scores of
students who used the existing course and the revised course.