EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE

Gov. D. Mangubat St. Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines

Name: Lorenz Blaise Galvez Petsa: February 23, 2022

Section: TCIE 2-1
GEOLOGY FOR ENGINEER’S

ASSIGNMENT NO. 1

Read carefully and answer correctly the following questions.

1. How does permeability and porosity relate to each other.

Porosity and permeability are related properties of any rock or loose sediment. Both are related to the number,
size, and connections of openings in the rock. More specifically, porosity of a rock is a measure of its ability to
hold a fluid. Mathematically, it is the open space in a rock divided by the total rock volume. Permeability is a
measure of the ease of flow of a fluid through a porous solid. A rock may be extremely porous, but if the pores
are not connected, it will have no permeability. Likewise, a rock may have a few continuous cracks which allow
ease of fluid flow, but when porosity is calculated, the rock doesn't seem very porous.

2. Discuss the vertical distribution of ground water.

The vertical distribution of ground water mainly divided into two zones, the zone of aeration and the zone of
saturation. The zone of Aeration consists of interstices occupied partially by water and partially by air. Water
exists in this zone by molecular attraction. In Zone of saturation all interstices are filled with water under
hydrostatic pressure. In the zone of saturation, groundwater fills all of the interstices hence the porosity
provides a direct measure of the water contained per unit volume. A portion of the water can be removed from
subsurface strata by drainage or by pumping of a well. However, molecular and surface tension forces hold
remainder of the water in place. Vertical Distribution gives the distribution of water in varies stages to access
the movement of water either horizontally or vertically based on geological condition, most of the well which
gives high yield it means to gives the surface to SUD surface runoff easily through vertical distribution of
ground water. It helps the quantity of water availability in the system.

3. In earthquake, how will you describe the intensity and magnitude?

Magnitude and Intensity measure different characteristics of earthquakes. Magnitude measures the energy
released at the source of the earthquake. Magnitude is determined from measurements on seismographs.
Intensity measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location. Intensity is
determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment.
 4. What are the engineering considerations in site with moving sand dunes? Discuss it briefly.

The engineering considerations in site with moving sand dunes are; First, no site is selected for any type of
important work on the moving dunes because such dunes are always a source of trouble to an engineer. It has
been experiences that sometimes the moving dunes damage certain important works. Second, if an engineer
is compelled to select such a site, special method should be adopted to check the motion of the moving dunes.
Lastly, either to construct windbreaks or growing vegetation on the surrounding areas.

5. How will you define the cause of origin of an earthquake?

An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they
get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an
earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we
feel.