Quiz guide

60 mts quiz October 11

You can solve these questions on your own and us eit for learning purpose. There will be no questions
from chapter self.

25 MCQs, multiple answer questions and True or false answers

1. ________________ view of culture looks into ideas, theories, and political, religious, scientific,
aesthetic, economic, moral and social standards for judging events in the environment
2. ______________view of culture is when we review Buildings, tools, clothing, methods of
transportation
a. Transportion culture
b. Objective culture
c. Subjective culture
d. Buildings culture
3. Japanese people dressing in Western clothing is an example of
a. Enculturation
b. Acculturation
c. Subjective reality
d. Marginalization
4. _______________ , ______________, ______________, ________________ are four
acculturation strategies
a. Assimilation
b. Separation
c. Integration
d. Marginalization
e. Cohabituation
5. Eye gaze direction and finger pointing provide information to an observer about the focus of
attention is a component of theory of mind which is called
a. joint attention
b. Mentalization
c. Pretend play
d. Metarepresentation
6. In theory of mind , to see the direction of another’s behavior and the outcome toward which he
or she is moving is
a. Mentalization
b. Joint attention
c. Infer goals and intentions of others
d. Metarepresentation
 7. Acculturation implies the process of transforming the cultural beliefs and customs of one's own
culture, by adopting traits of a different culture. True/ False

8. The process by which an individual learns the traditional content of a culture and assimilates its
practices and values______________

a. acculturation

b. enculturation

c. generalization

d. migration

9. The concept of _____________ is similar to that of reaction norms -- the adaptive response of a
genotype to different environments
a. Evoked culture a
b. Transmitted culture
c. Acculturation
d. None of the above
10. _________________ culture cumulative socially transmitted norms
a. Evoked
b. Transmitted

How do cultures change?

In recent decades, cultures have been changing and evolving in several ways:

Increases in interconnectedness: easier & cheaper transportation and long-distance communication allow
more connections between cultures. This interconnectedness had created a global culture, many large
companies operate internationally. This globalization has been countered by increased tribalism or modern
populism (an urge to return to traditional cultures; sense of cultural identity within smaller in-groups). 

Increases in individualism: cultures often studied on an individualism/collectivism (I/S)

dimension. Individualism: individual encouraged to consider themselves as distinct from others and
prioritize own personal goals over collective goals. Collectivism: individuals encouraged to place more
emphasis on one's collective or in-group. Visible when comparing younger and older Americans, proposed
reasons include more pressure of time and money, increased suburbanization, more electronic
entertainment and living through a 'transformational' experience like WWII. Also visible in traditionally
collectivistic cultures (eg Japan): higher divorce rates, decreases in family size and placing a higher value
on independence in children. 

Increases in intelligence: longitudinal data suggest that IQ scores rise between 5 and 25 points per
generation. Depends on the intelligence test! Some are also dropping (eg vocabulary scores, people are
reading less). Largest increase seen for Raven's matrices test, intended to be culture-free. Proposed reasons
for increased intelligence include: more people receiving education than before (increased percentage of the
population had bachelor's degree) and pop culture has been increasingly more complicated (movies and tv
shows have more complicated plots; videogames have become highly complex). 

11. __________ may well rest in the domain of evolutionary psychology – evoked
 12. ________culture studied by culture evolution, social psychology, and other disciplines.
Transmitted

Cultural transmission

13. Social transmission involves two phases . They are

a. Learning and transmission
b. Cultural and evoked transmission
c. Enculturation and acculturation
d. Vertical and horizontal transmission
14. Cultural Transmission that goes from parent to offspring is
a. Vertical transmission: It goes from parent to offspring.
15. It goes from a parental generation to members of an offspring generation who do not have a
familial connection to the source.
a. Vertical
b. Horizontal
c. oblique *
d. Lateral
16. It describes transmission between members of the same generation
a. Horizontal *
b. Generational
c. Oblique
d. Vertical
17. Cultural transmission in terms of the qualities of the model or behavior can be ______ and
______ transmission

a. Horizontal and vertical

b. Cultural and assimilation
c. Conformist and prestige bias
d. None
18. Cultural and social activities sometimes offers the platform for enculturation – True or false
19. Give a definition of culture agreed by many psychologists
a. Cultures are constellations of thought and behavior characteristic of a particular group
of people that are transmitted nongenetically and survive for an extended period of
time, and by which meanings and identities are created and shared.*
b. culture more abstractly as “an enduring and shared system of meaning
c. the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group
from another
d. culture is a combination of enculturation and acculturation
20. Geert hofstede’s definition about culture included a computer analogy in it . True or false
21. Geert hofstede’s definition about culture
a. Cultures are constellations of thought and behavior characteristic of a particular group
of people that are transmitted nongenetically and survive for an extended period of
time, and by which meanings and identities are created and shared.*
b. culture more abstractly as “an enduring and shared system of meaning
 c. the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group
from another *
d. culture is a combination of enculturation and acculturation
22. which is tryue about imitation in social transmission of culture
a. In imitation, the learner copies the actions of the demonstrator as exactly as possible,
whether each action is relevant or not.
b. In imitation, the learner copies the actions of the demonstrator in abstract way as
possible
c. In imitation , it is actions leading to a consequential result that are reproduced, with less
accurate replication of specific motions.
d. A and C
23. Children can observe a modeled behavior and pass on the learned task with 100% success. That
task can then be transmitted to other children by subsequent learners who never see the
original model. This is ______________
a. Social diffusion *
b. Social learning
c. Social inhibition
d. Generalization
24. The puzzling tendency of humans to copy all parts of a process, including irrelevant steps, and
even when shortcuts are available, is termed _____________
25. Discuss an overimitation experiment you have learned in detail

26. Has your culture changed over the past couple decades? How?
27. What are the absolutist and relativist method of studying culture , explain with examples
28. The use of universal or external concepts imposed on cultural settings for research purpose is
called ______________.( emic/ etic; universalism, absolutism , relativism ))
29. The tendency for responders to agree than disagree to questions is mostly a problem seen
among lower Socio economic status and collectivist contexts . True ? False
30. The use of values or concepts found within a culture for research of that culture is termed
_______________ .
a. Emic *
b. Etic
c. Absolutism
d. Universalism
31. Three levels of analysis in research are
a. Individual, local , international;
b. Individual , collective, national
c. Individual, local , national *
32. The application of an outside concept into a culture for research purpose is
a. Etic
b. Emic
 c. Derived etic
d. Imposed etic
33. The view that no phenomena can be understood outside of a realms of a cultural context is
a. Replicability
b. Reliability
c. Relativism *
d. Representativeness
34. Explain the Inclusive Cultural Empathy (ICE) system of therapy, list three ICE models

A therapist must understand a collection of factors to connect with a client on a meaningful level

race, language, religion

Questions for week 5 – life span development and cultural psychology

Week 5

Try and answer these questions

1. Control our expression is a function of our cultural context. The child learn expression by
observing parents and taking cultural cues from them . Which statement given below is true of
different cultures stated in text book . you can select multiple answers .
a. Americans of European ancestry value positive affective expression of enthusiasm and
elation
b. Asian Americans emphasize external emotional expression to maintain group harmony
c. Asian Americans emphasize serenity and calmness of expression to maintain group
harmony
d. Americans of European ancestry value negative affective expression of enthusiasm and
elation

2. According to many researchers Psychologists debate whether our temperament is primarily

genetic and already set at birth, or is modified by our experiences. Identify statements that are
not true for the same .

a. Some researchers propose that milieu pushes our temperament toward cultural norms,
in other words suggesting that temperament is at least partly a product of culture rather
than an innate characteristic
 b. The qualities of the developmental niche mold the child, resulting in the cultural
differences observed in Big 5 personality traits and other temperament constructs
across cultures
c. Ability to learn and to focus on completing tasks expands enough that the child can
handle more responsibilities and become a functional part of family and community,
d. Some researchers propose that milieu pushes our temperament toward individual
norms, in other words suggesting that temperament is at least partly a product of
individual personality and innate characteristics

True or false

3. Pruning of our neural networks begins very early in life, and that we delete what we do not
need, keeping what is encouraged in our environment
True

4. Differences in our material environs are why the Müller-Lyer Illusion is more likely to fool people
from cultures with straight walls and less so of others , who historically lived in round dwelling

5. Lansana became a master player without anything remotely like a formal music lesson. This is a
because . Pick the right answers .
a. He learned primarily through observation, with an occasional informal suggestion when
he needed it, as his family has for centuries.
b. In certain culture there will not be any informal learning , children learn formally
c. It is important to forcefully learn what ancestors impose on children
d. In certain culture there will not be any formal learning , children learn informally

6. People really did not learn this way until very recently in human history, though China had
already established formal education many centuries ago, including standardized testing for civil
service beginning in 606 CE. True or false

7. Story telling and listening to the same from very early age can enhance the ability to children to
understand more complex learning matters as adults .
a. True
b. False
8. Some bodies of knowledge and technical expertise require considerable time to impart, such as
building canoes or violins, or navigating by stars and ocean currents. This can be done through
a. Story telling
b. Observing parental behaviors
c. Apprenticeship
 d. inFormal training

9. Learning is moving from apprenticeship and informal scaffolding to institutional education in

formalized Western classrooms . This is due to effect of ______________
a. Apprenticeship learning that can lead to learning quickly all complex tasks
b. Social demographic development and changes in values and actions
c. People are tired of following old ways of learning
d. Western formalized education is better

10. Pick what is true for apprenticeships, ------ pick multiple answers that are true .
a. families may pay a fee, or the youth may be obliged to spend many years in service of
the master craftsman.
b. The apprenticeship may create a lifelong bond and obligation, as was traditional in India
and Japan
c. The apprenticeship may not create a lifelong bond and obligation, as was traditional in
newzealand
d. As globalization increases and traditional skills become less essential to survival, many of
these skills and learning contexts are disappearing.

11. In current globalized culture, formal roles may come much later, and in the interim, exploration,
irresponsibility, and rebellion are considered somewhat expected if not normative.
True / False

12. Which statements given below are true of adolescent behavior in different cultures
a. Youths in nonwestern countries in adolescent age groups around the world are often
working to support their families, or simply to survive on the streets, and many grow up
with only restricted contact with the opposite gender
b. The exploratory phase of misbehavior seen among American children is commonly
termed adolescent rebellion.
c. Rather than exerting authority based on experience and wisdom japanese parents
sought a more congenial relationship, which may contribute to loosening mores and bad
behavior.
d. Two-thirds of Indian young people willingly accept their parents’ choices of an arranged
mate, which definitely reduces anxiety about dating in India

13. These are some good points related to traditional culture which acts as protection for
adolescents in some cultures – Multiple answers are there. Choose .
 a. Roles were well defined, and rituals accompanied the change from child to adult so that
the whole group endorsed and acknowledged new roles.
b. In non- western culture there were more close community connection and support
provided protection through tough times.
c. Adolescence still brought big changes to a young person’s life, but they were
predictable and not nearly as psychologically traumatic as the angst-ridden teenage
years of our contemporary world in eastern culture .
d. modern freedoms have come with lots of supportive social connectedness and
sustenance of cultural resources.

14. Individuals in this stage are in flux, transiting between the rapid physical growth years of
childhood and a stable identity and role as an adult. This stage is termed as
a. Middle adulthood
b. Emerging adulthood
c. Adolescence stage
d. Late adult hood

15. Erikson (1963) describes this stage as negotiating the challenge of _____________ vs
______________by which he means that the person is either contributing to the growth and
prosperity of younger people in the family and community or is sitting around moldering toward
old age and death.
a. Isolation vs intimacy
b. Achievement vs despair
c. Generativity vs stagnation
d. Industrious vs inferiority

16. Erikson proposed that, in early  _________ a person faced resolution

of ________ versus __________. which includes finding a life partner in marriage, but
should also include meaningful relations with friends and family.

17. Select the right answers from below about midlife crisis in different culture
a. Midlife crisis is common among americans
b. Research found definite midlife-crisis conditions in Malaysian women, with greater
severity for low-income women and better coping by more religious women.
c. For Japanese culture, 42 marks a unlucky Yakudoshi year for men, when bad things are
thought to happen
d. Midlife crisis is not common among americans

18. Concepts for caring for elders vary from culture to culture . Choose what is not True
from the statements below
 a. In Arab culture, caring for elders is now stronger in those with traditional values and
weaker in urbanized and increasingly individualistic young people
b. In Arab culture, caring for elders is now weaker in those with progressive values and
stronger in urbanized and increasingly individualistic young people
c. Chinese culture lay the concept of filial piety, reverence and obedience toward one’s
father and lifelong obligation to care for parents and progenitors.
d. In United states in early 20th century there was less attention and taking care for elders ,
but with changes in poverty levels things have become more positive with social security
laws

19. True or false

In Hawaiian culture, elders are called kupuna, “the wise ones who have paved the way before
us” True / False

20. American culture lauds youth and stereotypes the elderly as incompetent and cognitively
impaired True / False
21. Karasawa, and colleagues (2012) observed benefits for young people from a culture that values
wisdom, with Japanese youth more capable of using wise-reasoning in conflict resolution than
American youth. True/ Fasle
22. We surround ourselves with symbols of our ethnic groups, religions, and football teams to
assure us that we are part of a greater family, tribe, or society that will continue after we are
gone. These cultural connections link us to a sort of _____________.
23. Which statements are true in different culture about death
a. Chinese participants affirmed their familial sense of self when faced with mortality
salience.
b. Greenberg and colleagues (2001) found decreased acceptance of White Supremacist
racism in otherwise-normal white participants reminded of death.
c. Whatever our culture, we cling to it more strongly when reminded of death, providing
strong evidence supporting the TMT premise.
d. Chinese participants affirmed their individual sense of self when faced with mortality
salience.

24. Western culture draws upon Aristotelian logic, which assumes that there is a linear path from
question to solution, that life and events move in strict progression. True/ False
25. Asian thought is based in the concept of yin and yang, in which nothing exists without also
containing the seeds of its opposite, True/ False
26. The visual content will be drawn from the system of knowledge for that culture, as will the
words of a song or the message of a story. In learning an art, the person learns the culture.
True/ False

Week 6 relationships I shall post some questions

 Social relationships and culture questions

1. Inn the 1980s, Harry Triandis and colleagues began to explore how concepts like the
___________ _________- dimension would affect relationships. (collectivism, individualism)

2. Triandis, Bontempo, Villareal, Asai, and Lucca (1988) proposed that in collectivist cultures, - Pick
the wrong answers and pick the right answers
a. vertical relationships like parent-child and boss-employee would be most important,
whereas in individualist cultures,
b. vertical relations like friend to friend and spouse to spouse would be paramount.
Individualists, they explained, may move fluidly through many friendships,
c. collectivists would have deeper connections with others, but surprisingly, would have more
friendships.
d. collectivists would have deeper connections with others, but surprisingly, would have few
friendships.

3. While Americans may have more friends, they feel more loneliness because the feelings of
connection may be shallow and fleeting
a. True
b. False
4. High,_____________ is where people can more easily leave friendships, causes people to work
harder to maintain friendships, and ___________ information to increase intimacy
a. relational mobility, more disclosing
b. relational mobility, less disclosing
c. Level friendships , high transparency
d. Fluid relationships , less transparency
5. We naturally develop a liking to those, who have long been the objects of our __________
especially when we consider them as dependent on us
6. ___________ families may share a house or a compound, including multiple parenting couples,
elders, and cousins, or the extended family may not live together but may be very actively
involved in day-to-day life functions
a. Generational
b. Nuclear
c. Multi generational

7. Write short notes on intimate, compassionate and companionate love

8. Inheritance practices provide another explanation of mores about premarital sex. True /False
 9. ___________ societies have fewer prohibitions about premarital sex because the child has
membership in the line of inheritance regardless of who the father is. ( matrilineal )

10. ____________cultures remain more invested in female chastity because premarital sex may
happen with someone other than the eventual husband, and thus, the activity interferes with
inheritance by the male’s genetic offspring)
11. Is dating allowed in your culture? How did you meet your romantic partner or those you have
dated?

If you are in a relationship, can you identify the levels of passionate, companionate, and committed
love?

Can a person just decide her marriage partner, or must any marriage be arranged or approved?

12. American research, with Bossard (1932) observing that one third of marriages licensed in
Philadelphia in 1931 were between people who had lived within five blocks of each other. This
suggests that ___________ enables relationships and marriages .
a. Dispersed community
b. Common values
c. Propinquity
13. Do you think emotional infidelity is a serious infraction? Un divorece. Are women not engaging
in fidelity issues. Is there a cultural factor affecting women who seek divorce when they are out
of love with the spouse. Discussion within cultural realms of UAE.
14. Would you describe your upbringing as more collectivist or individualist? What evidence could
you present to support your claim?
15. How might your relationships be different if you grew up in another culture?