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Engineering surveying Fieldwork Detailing Activity

Civil engineering (University of Malaysia of Pahang)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING & EARTH RESOURCES

ENGINEERING SURVEYING FIELDWORK
SEMESTER 1 2021/2022
DETAILING REPORT

SUBJECT CODE DAA 2322

SUBJECT ENGINEERING SURVEYING FIELDWORK

DATE 4 JANUARY 2022

GROUP NUMBER 8

SECTION A22LB

GROUP MEMBER: 1.MOHAMAD HARITH HAZIQ BIN HASHIM (AB20049)

NAME & ID 2.ASYRAH BINTI HARON (AB20133)
NUMBER 3.NIK MUHAMMAD HAZIQ BIN NIK ARIF (AB20140)
4.NURUL NADIHAH BINTI FADZLEE (AB20217)
5.MOHAMAD SYAHIR HAZIM BIN MOHAMAD YUNUS
(AB20193)
5.MUHAMMAD HARITH AIMAN BIN HAZRI (AB20205)
LECTURER SIR SYARIFUDDIN BIN MISBARI

MARKS

REMARKS

ENDORSEMENT

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TABLE OF CONTENT

NO. CONTENT PAGE NUMBER

i) INTRODUCTION 1

ii) OBJECTIVE 1

iii) DEVICES/EQUIPMENT 2-3

iv) PROCEDURE 4

v) PRODUCT 5-6

vi) DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS 7

vii) CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION 8

viii) APPENDICES 9

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INTRODUCTION
A comprehensive survey provides information on specific features in a certain area. Natural
and man-made structures can be found on every soil, and are known as features. When it comes to
detailing, there are numerous factors to consider such as plants, soil types, structures, land utilities,
fences and boundaries, roads, landmarks, and so on. Any measurements taken by the surveyor are
collected using an electronic theodolite, levels, and GPS, or framed using CAD software. The
height of the ground or how high the ground is above the datum is also frequently included in the
data. The most widely used arbitrary level is the Average Sea Level, which is defined as a height
of zero meters. As a result, the East and North coordinates of the land can also be obtained.

In most cases, detailed surveys are employed in the early stages of survey development. A
careful survey is required prior to construction for a number of reasons. Rebuilds from the ground
up, house extensions, swimming pools, and garage additions are just a few examples. A complete
survey plan will highlight natural features on the land as well as levels throughout the property or
any connected adjacent property that may be needed. Any builder, architect, or painter will use
these features as a reference for future design work. The survey should be included in the DA or
any development that complies with local government authority or any certified private sector
development. The outcome of detailing and planning is determined by the differences between
each work. Furthermore, it is dependent on the amount of information requested by the client or
the architect's scope of work. Details can be utilized to plan any type of construction or to extend
an existing structure on the ground. Apart from that, it was capable of defining any location and
recording all terrain features and constructions. Finally, it could supply any current information on
the land that is required for any land appraisal or other reason.

OBEJCTIVE

1. To gathered data which is station and features of a parcel of ground within UMP area using
radial positioning and tacheometry.
2. To produce of the scaled drawing of a parcel of ground within UMP area

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DEVICE
EQUIPMENT FUNCTION
THEODOLITE (EDM)
To measure bearing, distance, different of
height

TRIPOD STAND
A surveyor's tripod is a device that holds
surveying tools like theodolites.

OPTICAL PRISM
Used to reflect the Electronic Distance

Measurement (EDM) beam from a total

station.

POLE
Used to mark the position of a specific survey
station or other object, which can be used to
range straight lines.

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MEASURED TAPE
To measured height of instrument

BUBBLE
These are generally a small circular bubble on
an angle plate which is held against one corner
of the staff to ensure that the staff is held in a
vertical position.

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PROCEDURE

1.Choose 1 station to set
thedeolite as reference and
make sure from that station
, the thedeolite can reflect to
all station and features
8.After setting the thedolite ,
we can proceed to calculate
feature,choose minimum 50
features that are around our
pentagon / station
9.Setting the pole on the
target feautere and take the
bearing ,distance and
different of heigh from the
thedeolite

7.Normally, there must be a

2.If the thedeolite cant
small difference between the
reflect or see all station ,
readings,but as long as the 10.Write down the data on
divide the station to two
difference is within the detailing form
zone , which is zone A and
tolerance, the work can be
zone B
proceed

6.If all the setting

3.Set the thedeolite at total
Station, for example from
Station 2 and level it.
parameters are okay, the
coordinate of Station 1 11.Sketch the station and
appear on the display unit of feature that are being
the instrument, will be the choose,and remarks it
same value as coordinate in
the Levelling project

5.Set the optical prism on

4. Then, measure the the tripod at back station for
instrument height by using example Station 1 and level
measuring tape. it, measure the height of
pole.

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FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGY

DAA2322: ENGINEERING SURVEYING FIELDWORK

TOPOGRAPHICAL AND SITE SURVEY

(Standard of Procedure)

SEMESTER 1 2021/2022

Subject Code
Date
Group Number
Student Name &
ID Number
Lecturer
1
Group Member Name 2
& ID Number 3
4
5
6
7
Marks
Remarks

Endorsement

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Objective:

1. To gathered data (i.e. location man-made and natural features) of a parcel of

ground within UMP area using radial positioning and tacheometry.
2. To produce of the scaled drawing of a parcel of ground within UMP area.

Scope of works:

1. Each group shall be carried out field survey works necessary to accurately
determine the locations, level, dimensions and other relevant information on
surface features.
2. Each group shall be prepared a plan of site survey had been done.
3. Each group shall be prepared a report of had been done (Appendix III).
The report shall be submitted one week after completed the fieldwork.

List of Devices:

1. 1 set of Built-in EDM or Theodolite completed with accessories.

2. 2 set of Reflector completed with accessories.
3. 2 set of Staff completed with accessories.
4. Fieldbook.

Procedure of works:

1. Conducting a survey (Appendix II).

● The traverse line (leg) bearing shall be used as reference.

2. Recording the survey (Appendix III).

● Measurements must be recorded in permanent ink in the appropriate columns
of the observation pages immediately after they are made.
● Make a reference sketch of the survey, the sketch must be absolutely clear.
● Determine reduce level for each points

3. Plotting.

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Appendix I

TOPOGRAPHICAL AND SITE SURVEY

Introduction:

The objective of most surveys is to determine the three-dimensional coordinates x, y

and z (easting, northing and elevation) of a series of points of detail. These
coordinates are plotted and a contoured plan is compiled from the results.
The field methods used is radial positioning using Theodolite with tacheometry
technique or using Built-in EDM.

Principles of radial positioning:

Figure shows illustrate the principles. Station 1 is a survey station with known
coordinate (x, y, z). The reference object (RO) is the point chosen as the starting
point, from which the bearings of all lines of the survey will be measured. In this case,
station 6, can used as RO. Bearing line 1-6, must be known or assumed.
Points 1-6 are the points of detail of the survey, e.g. building corners, fence corners,
etc. The three-dimensional coordinates of the points are required.

Another closed traverse, the traverse begins on two points A and B of known bearing
and ends on two different known points C and D. The survey is one again self-
checking in that the bearing of line CD deduced from the traversing should agree with
the already known bearing of CD.

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Appendix II

1. Setting up the Theodolite

● Setting the tripod
The tripod legs are spread out and rested lightly on the ground around
the survey point. Judging by eye, the legs are moved to bring the
tripod head over the point, keeping the tripod head as level as possible.
● Mounting the instrument
The theodolite is carefully removed from the box and screwed to the
tripod.
● Centring
A sight is taken through the optical plummet to view the survey peg.
The footscrews are turned to bring the instrument exactly over the peg.
The theodolite is now centred but, not level.
● Levelling
Levelling is accompolished by raising or lowering the legs of the
tripod, using the sliding leg arrangement, until the circular spirit level
is centred.
Refinements to the centring and leveling of the instrument must now
be made;
(a) Set the plate spirit level over two screws and centralize the bubble,
(b) Turn the instrument through 90o and recentralize the bubble
(c) Repeat operations (a) and (b) until the bubble remains central for
both positions.
● Parallax elimination
A piece of paper is held in front of the telescope and the observer,
sighting the paper through the telescope, turns the eyepiece carefully
until the cross-wires of the reticule are sharply defined.

2. Setting up bearing to RO (Topcon GTS220)

● Released Horizontal and vertical plate, and the theodolite in face left
position.
● Switch On Theodolite Display Panel. Make sure horizontal bearing in
the mode Horizontal Right (HR).
● Rotate the theodolite horizontally, till the required horizontal bearing
had been display in panel.
● Refinements to the required horizontal bearing, using horizontal
tangent screw.
● Press the (F2)(HOLD) key.
● Collimate the target at RO.
● Press the [F3](YES) key to finish holding the horizontal angle.

3. Measurement to another points using Built-EDM Theodolite.

● Released Horizontal and vertical plate.

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● Rotate the theodolite horizontally, collimate the center of prism above the
point.
● Horizontal bearing have display.
● Press the [∠| ]key. Distance measurement starts. Display panel shows HR
(Horizontal angle), HD (horizontal distance) and VD (Vertical distance).
● Press F1 (Meas). New distance display.
● Record the measurement (HR, HD and VD) in appropriate column of
observation pages.
● Obtained Height of Instrument and Height of Target.
● Remarks of object.
● Determine Reduce Level of points;
RL of points = RL of Observ Stn + Height of Inst – Height of Target ± Diff Ht

4. Measurement to another points using Theodolite with Tacheometry technique.

● Released Horizontal and vertical plate.
● Rotate the theodolite horizontally, collimate the staff above the point.
● Horizontal bearing and vertical angle have display.
● Obtained the stadia reading (top, mid and bottom).
● Obtained Height of Instrument.
● Record the measurement in appropriate column of observation pages.
● Remarks of object.
● Determine;
S = Top – Bottom
H (Horizontal Distance) = 100S Cos2θ
Δh(Difference Height) = 100S Cos θ.Sin θ = H tan θ
RL of points = RL of Observ Stn + Height of Inst – Mid ± Diff Ht
θ - vertical angle

Appendix III

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Observation page (Built-in EDM)

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Appendix IV

Report:

Each group shall submit the report one week after completed the fieldwork.

The report shall be consisted hereunder-

a) Introduction
b) Objective
c) Devices
d) Procedure
e) Product
● Fieldbook.
● Plan
f) Analysis
g) Conclusion

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Stadia Report
Stadia File :

STN 1 100.000 100.000 49.224

AT/BS 1 0.0000 0 1.300
HD/RL 1 0.0000 29.998 48.709 100.000 129.998
HD/RL 2 358.4950 26.899 48.808 99.451 126.893
HD/RL 3 356.3700 17.275 48.929 98.980 117.245
HD/RL 4 352.5300 7.166 49.069 99.112 107.111
HD/RL 5 128.4800 12.591 49.170 109.813 92.110
HD/RL 6 145.5210 15.822 48.948 108.877 86.903
HD/RL 7 170.0710 5.050 49.028 100.867 95.025
HD/RL 8 117.1720 8.428 48.741 107.490 96.136
HD/RL 9 124.4000 11.282 48.916 109.279 93.583
HD/RL 10 29.4920 14.236 48.588 107.080 112.351
HD/RL 11 17.5250 23.525 48.478 107.223 122.389
HD/RL 12 121.4000 22.838 48.768 119.438 88.011
HD/RL 13 62.0600 28.550 48.688 125.232 113.359
HD/RL 14 15.1710 28.513 48.440 107.517 127.504
HD/RL 15 15.3110 33.737 48.511 109.027 132.507
HD/RL 16 341.3750 22.630 48.664 92.868 121.477
HD/RL 17 327.3310 14.189 48.799 92.387 111.974
HD/RL 18 391.1220 8.664 48.899 104.489 107.410
HD/RL 19 230.4150 10.273 49.003 92.051 93.493
HD/RL 20 203.3610 16.741 48.913 93.297 84.659
HD/RL 21 195.3250 15.723 48.985 95.786 84.852
HD/RL 22 185.1520 14.677 48.987 98.656 85.385
HD/RL 23 251.2410 5.411 48.938 94.872 98.274
HD/RL 24 240.5310 2.548 48.967 97.774 98.760
HD/RL 25 321.0810 8.753 48.840 94.508 106.815
HD/RL 26 338.0140 7.291 48.897 97.272 106.761
HD/RL 27 344.5010 21.780 48.647 94.303 121.022
HD/RL 28 352.3110 21.108 48.688 97.252 120.928
STN 2 99.996 70.015 1.000
STN 3 76.354 51.886 1.000
STN 4 68.259 80.736 1.000
STN 5 76.151 117.901 1.000
STN 3 76.354 51.886 1.000
AT/BS 3 0.0000 2 1.300
HD/RL 29 0.0000 29.864 48.767 100.053 70.058
HD/RL 30 15.3710 66.027 48.820 137.633 76.473
HD/RL 31 14.3120 40.405 48.964 113.558 67.647
HD/RL 32 25.0830 39.477 48.756 114.919 60.323
HD/RL 33 29.0820 35.346 48.832 111.326 57.014
HD/RL 34 30.0050 26.335 48.321 102.466 55.309
HD/RL 35 33.5720 23.969 48.810 100.278 53.360
HD/RL 36 33.1910 22.600 48.352 98.894 53.526
HD/RL 37 67.3510 10.495 48.908 85.433 46.622
HD/RL 38 0.0550 17.280 49.061 90.084 62.378
HD/RL 39 356.1330 19.661 49.070 91.134 64.851
HD/RL 40 5.1430 26.308 48.993 98.606 65.920
HD/RL 41 8.5300 34.718 49.063 106.836 68.504
HD/RL 42 7.4230 37.748 48.927 109.119 70.630
HD/RL 43 12.2230 43.354 48.937 115.612 70.281
HD/RL 44 14.5530 53.724 48.887 125.968 72.494
HD/RL 45 13.5400 53.724 48.906 125.592 73.378
HD/RL 46 33.3020 35.524 48.760 111.793 54.349
HD/RL 47 35.3340 35.650 48.939 111.984 53.081
HD/RL 48 111.4720 9.875 48.929 79.025 42.379
HD/RL 49 248.3750 2.443 48.950 74.263 53.150
HD/RL 50 246.0920 4.876 49.153 72.076 54.226

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project title;
detailing
group members
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MUHAMMAD HARITH AIMAN BIN HAZRI

ASYRAH BINTI HARON
NIK MUHAMMAD HAZIQ BIN NIK ARIF
NURUL NADIHAH BINTI FADZLEE
MOHAMAD SYAHIR HAZIM BIN MOHAMAD YUNUS
MOHAMAD HARITH HAZIQ BIN HASHIM
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ANALYSIS

In our survey area, detailed surveys were performed to establish the location and height
of features and improvements from both natural and man-made structures such as vegetation,
soil types, buildings, land utilities, fences and boundaries, roads, and landmarks. In our
situation, we looked at roads, drains, trees, street lampposts, and manholes. We can collect data
such as ground elevation and ground elevation above arbitrary datum levels by conducting a
detailed survey.
The theodolite is one of the tools that commonly used for detailing. We assumed the
theodolite at station 2. For back bearing, the theodolite has been set at 0 ° 00'00 " from station
2 to station 1. The reading was taken using a pole with all of the necessary accessories set at a
consistent height of 1.50 m The pole's height is fixed to allow detailed data to be charted and
used in plan development. However, if the pole is obstructed by any features, the height of the
pole may be adjusted. We may also collect vital data for computations such as horizontal
distance, vertical distance, and bearing of each location by using theodolite. To avoid minor
errors, the data been properly transferred to the data sheet, and the obtained data has been
plotted on our site survey plan, which is attached to this report.
However, every survey has advantages and limitations. The benefit of conducting a
detailed survey is that it is straightforward and does not require the use of numerous
complicated technologies. Furthermore, by employing theodolite, we may collect data in a
more efficient manner, resulting in more accurate data and the avoidance of errors. Meanwhile,
one drawback or issue we may encounter is that the device is particularly fragile and brittle
theodolite. We must use caution when using the theodolite to avoid it falling off or becoming
damp. This is one of the reasons why the survey must be postponed if the survey day happens
to be rainy. The device's maintenance is likewise pricey; therefore, we must treat it with
extreme caution.
Each survey must have a few errors, particularly those produced by reading issues or a
device that is not correctly placed. There are actions we believe are crucial when utilizing the
tool to reduce inaccuracies in the data we collect. One is that we must ensure that temporary
device changes, such as centralization, alignment, and parallax removal, are made to eliminate
inaccuracies in our data. Furthermore, we must exercise caution when transferring readings
into data sheets in order to assist our work of establishing a plan for details.

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CONCLUSION

The conclusion that we could make is that our group successfully finish doing detailing at our
own station and pentagon. We also manage to get the accurate data even though we have to
face many challenges. All member is given a full contribution throughout our completion for
this topic (detailing).

During detailing, we had experienced several problems which had given us some trouble doing
our tasks. One of the problems that we faced was the bad weather as it rains down a lot on the
days that we are doing detailing. As this problem occur, we were not able to continue our work.
We had to postpone our activities. We also lost a lot of precious time to accomplish our tasks.

Besides that, we also need to make preparations before doing detailing. We have to study the
procedures first and understand them before starting our work, not just blindfolding following
the instructions. We also must understand the instruments that we were using in detailing such
as how to use them in the right way to improve the quality of fieldwork and to avoid from
getting error. This is because poor measurements can lead to poor results. For example, if we
do not stabilize the instrument’s bubble well before taking a reading from theodolites, we will
get inaccurate data. It will lead to a poor result and could affect the whole work.

Apart from that, we need to be sure that some pre-caution actions are taken. For example, when
we take a reading, the bubbles’ position for both instruments must be on centre as it shows that
they are stable to avoid errors. The surveyor should also double-check the reading to ensure
getting an accurate measurement.

Lastly , based on our activities, we have learned many thing such as how to do detailing, the
function and how to use the instruments, and how to take a reading. The problems that we had
faced in accomplishing it, we will take it as a lesson in our life as it was a life experience and
it will help us become a great surveyor in the future.

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APENDIX

Group members setting the pole at Group members taking a data and
target features write it on detailing form

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