MAY 2022

TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF CHAKRI

RAWALPINDI
Company introduction
Geo Dynamics International (GDI) was established in 2006 with the aim to provide best
professional services in field of Geophysical and Geotechnical Investigations. Company got
good response from the market especially from Pakistan Engineering Services (PES) and NES
PAK. Package-I of 11 Small Dams project (District Kohat & Karak-KPK) and Nokia Tower
Projects helped newly born company to strengthen its footings in the business community of
Pakistan. Addition of Topographic Surveys and GIS Applications not only resolved planning
deficiencies but also increased scope of services of the company.
Topography Survey Introduction
On very small domestic projects such as home extensions, an architect may be able to achieve
successful designs and planning consents without a specialist land surveyor being required. For
anything larger or more complex, topographic surveys form one of the key starting
points whenever land is to be developed or redeveloped. A topographic survey gathers data
about the natural and man-made features of the land, as well as its terrain. This survey report
covers the 2000 kanal (250 acre) area at Chakri village. Chakri village is located in Rawalpindi
district province Punjab. Its geographical coordinates are 33.2935°N 72.7621°E and its
elevation is 310 m (1,020ft). The survey area specified by the client is shown in the Google image
below.

Location map of survey area

 The Scope of work
Following points shows Scope of surveyed area:
i. Obtaining relevant survey data/maps for the area mentioned.
ii. ii. The field work – This will involve laying out survey control stations and
picking of the details on site with TOTAL STATION survey equipment.
a. Boundary confirmation
b. Picking of x, y, z position of all existing manmade and natural ground features.
This includes but not limited to accurate positions of buildings, roads, rivers,
shorelines etc.
c. Picking ground positions and levels of sewer lines, drains, spot heights

iii. Map production – This will involve plotting of details picked on site to produce the
Survey plan / map. The plan / map will show all details and contour lines for the site. This
will be done using AutoCAD Civil 3D.

Methodology

To improve the data quality and accuracy both the conventional and advance techniques are
used. Survey covers both the conventional (total station, hand held GPS) and non- conventional
instruments (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle).An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known
as a drone is an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board. Airborne
imagery is acquired by setting the local scale 1:250. First of all the available nearest reference
benchmarks are transferred into the survey area. . Additional temporary control points were also
installed where required. Most of the temporary control points were installed directly from a
permanent control point via GPS in fast static mode to ensure accuracy and consistency.
The boundary of houses and commercial buildings has been surveyed from outside; the
permanent and temporary features have been shown by different symbols in the drawings. The
tracks foot paths and the forests have been mapped. Different details are in different layers.
The topographic survey commenced from one control point and was always closed on another
to ensure reliability. Both the raw data and coordinates data were saved in electronic total
stations. Each survey party was allocated an area, on hand-held GPS, to avoid duplication or
gaps in survey. The survey data was directly saved in total stations and downloaded and
reviewed on daily basis on the laptops provided to survey parties. The closure error, if out of the
tolerance limit, was identified and if required the survey was repeated. The data after initial
check was combined in one laptop computer date-wise and party-wise. So that it can be referred
back if required.
PERSONNEL
The following survey personnel were involved in the survey.

Name Designation Duration

Chief Surveyor consultant Project Duration

Surveyor Project Duration

Surveyor Assistant Project Duration

SURVEY EQUIPMENT DETAILS

Topographic survey on pond site was executed using Sokkia Survey instrument models iM102
and Sokkia RTK GNSS Model GRX2. Sokkia Total Station model iM102 has 2 second angular
accuracy and distance measuring accuracy of 1.5mm + 1ppm. These have fairly large size built-
in memory, enough for a month work. Heavy duty wooden tripods were used with these
instruments. Sokkia reflector prisms, mounted on telescopic rods fitted with level bubbles were
used. For the vertical cliffs and steep faces of the mountains where points are difficult or
impossible to reach by rod men using prisms, “reflector less”, “prism less” or “direct reflex”
technology plays an important role to observe the points.
All electronic total stations and RTK GNSS were calibrated with Sokkia approved workshop
and afterwards checked for temporary adjustments at the project site.

Data Processing and Production of Drawing

The electronic total stations surveyed data, already checked for quality, combined as one file
was processed to generate digital elevation model (DEM). The processed and approved (after
quality assurance) results were converted into ESRI point shape files to import in ESRI ArcGIS
software. The digital elevation model was further reviewed thoroughly in ArcGIS software for
quality. Any gaps still there were filled with additional survey data, and the doubtful data, if
any, was replaced with fresh survey data at this stage also. Once data was found acceptable the
DEM was again generated. The contours were generated at major interval of 10 m and Minor at
2 m; with 5th contour identified as index contours marked as green. The drawings have been
generated at scale 1:2,000 for design purpose along with Grid lines. The sheet contains general
notes, list of symbols, the scale bar, the coordinates at each grid at the sheet margins, the North
symbol etc. The topographic survey sheets have been plotted on A3 and attached Figures with
this report.