Construction

Technology 2
ECE10306
CHAPTER 5
ENVELOPES FOR BUILDINGS

SHYAM AGASTHYA, Senior Lecturer

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
National University of Science and Technology
MUSCAT
 Chapter Contents
● Masonry Block Wall
● Cast In Situ RCC Wall
● Precast Concrete Panel
● GRP and GRC
● Curtain Wall
● Joints

2
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Masonry Block Wall
● Masonry block walls are very
poor in terms of water
tightness and air tightness
● Water seepage usually occurs
thru cracks within and
between bricks
● The weak points are the
interface between bricks and
other materials

3
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Masonry Block Wall
● There is a significant problem in the moisture and thermal
behaviours of the material which leads to cracks
● Quality of brick wall depends on the skill of the worker and
the quality of materials used
● Mesh reinforcement has to be used at every 4th layer in
order to overcome these problems

4
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Cast In Situ RCC Walls
● These walls perform better in terms of water tightness and
air tightness
● This is due to the nature of material, construction method
as well as lower number of joints
● Waterstops should be provided when joining two RCC
members

5
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Precast Concrete Panel
● This is the common form of precast cladding and is used for
both load bearing and non load bearing purposes
● The advantages are
○ Speed of construction
○ Freedom from shuttering on site
○ Better quality control
● Cranes are used to hoist the concrete panels into position
and bolted or welded

6
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Precast Concrete Panel

7
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 GRP and GRC
● GRP (Glass Reinforced Polyester)
○ It is also called as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polyester)
○ It is a composite material with resin and glass fiber
○ Its advantages are
■ High strength
■ Light weight
■ Low modulus of elasticity
■ Good corrosion resistance
■ Good weather resistance

8
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 GRP and GRC
● GRC (Glass Reinforced Concrete)
○ It is a composite material
consisting of OPC, silica sand
and water mixed with alkali
resistant glass fibers
○ The glass fibers increases
compressive and tensile
strengths as well as durability
○ It is non combustible, high
thermal and moisture
resistance and high strength
to weight ratio
9
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Curtain Walls
● Curtain walls are non load bearing external walls of
buildings composed of repetitive factory assembled
elements, with its dead load and wind load transferred to
the structural frame thru anchorage points
● In high rise buildings, common materials used are natural
stone, metal sheeting and glass

10
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Joints
● There are three joining methods for cladding panels
○ Filled Joint
○ Gasket Joint
○ Drained Joint
● Filled and Gasket Joints are those joints where the joint
material functions both as rain and air barrier
● Drained Joints are two stage joints where rain and air
barriers are separated

11
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN
 Joints

GASKET JOINT

FILLED JOINT DRAINED JOINT

12
Shyam Agasthya, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUST, OMAN