INJIBARA UNIVERSITY

College of Natural and Computational Science

Department of Computer Science

Industrial Attachment Report

AT

XX (Name of Organization)

(የአማራ ሚዲያ ኮርፖሬሽን)

for

During 3rd June to 30th August 2022

Prepared By:

Full Name: SURAFEL YIHUN

Phone: 0988036205

Email: surafalyihun@gmail.com

Submission Date: _______________

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1. Introduction

1.2 Background of the field attachment

1.2.1 Definition of Field Attachment

1.2.2 Purpose of field attachment

1.3 Objectives of Organization

1.4 Vision and Mission of the Organization

1.4.1 Vision

1.4.2 Mission

1.5 Organizational Structure

1.7 Core Values of the Organization

1.8 Organizational Roles

1.9 Main activities of the Organization

1.10 My position at the Organization

1.11 My Basic Computing Area

CHAPTER TWO

DESCRIPTION OF INTERNSHIP

2. Introduction

2.1 Internship
2.2 Internship department

2.3 Size and structure of the department

2.4 Roles of the department in co-activities

2.5 Nature of work/tasks carried

2.5.1 Week One

2.5.2 Week Two

2.5.3 Week Three

2.5.4 Week Four

2.5.5 Week Five

2.5.6 Week Six

CHAPTER THREE

ANALYSIS

3. Introduction

3.1. Internship Work experience

3.1.1 Technical experience

3.1.2 Non-technical experience

3.1.3 Learning area of interest in Computing

CHAPTER FOUR

CHALLENGES, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CONCLUSION

4. Introduction

4.1 Benefits of Internship

4.2 Challenges

4.2.1 Personal Challenges

4.2.2 Organization Challenges

4.3 Conclusion

4.4 Recommendations

4.4.1 Recommendation for future interns

4.4.2 Recommendation for the Organization

4.4.3 Recommendation for the University

REFERENCES
DECLARATION
We have undertaken our internship experience in Amhara Media Corporation from 3rd June to
30th August 2022 under the guidance of my Advisor Mr. Dawde. I certified that our work is
compiled according to the internship report writing guideline given by the university industry
linkage office of the institute.

APPROVAL
As the student academic and company advisor, We certify that the internship report written by
him and his work complied according to the guideline provided by the institutes AMICO office
as far as our knowledge is concerned.

Name of Students Signature Date

1.SURAFEL YIHUN ………………….. …………………
APPROVED BY
Name of Advisors: Mr. DAWDE . Signature........................ Date.....................

DEDICATION

This internship report describes the activity carried out during two months in our final fulltime
internship program at Amhara media corporation or formerly known as Amhara Mass Media
Agency. The main purpose of the internship is to learn practical environment and to apply the
knowledge acquiring during the studies in the real-world scenario.

We have discussed about every major aspect of the network. Which we observed and perceived
during our internship program. The first part of the report offers an overview of the hosting
office next materials and methodology used, then network criteria and network can following
the process to describes the overall internship experience, project and assessment of the
internship. Finally, the report warps up with the few closeting remark and conclusion from the
experience. The most important in an internship program is that we spend our time in a true
manner and with the spirit to learn practical orientation of theoretical study framework. During
our internship we are able to practical aspects of network, software development and get good
working experience.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and for most, I wish to express my endless gratitude to the GOD for giving me the strength
to perform my responsibilities as an intern and complete the report within the stipulated time.
Also, I would like to express my gratitude to Amhara Media Corporation for having this chance
with two-month mandatory internship in which we able to apply our theoretical Knowledge in
to practical world in work place and my gratitude is again extended for Information technology
department for arranging and allowing this field practices to me.

Secondly, we would like to express our deepest thanks Amhara Media Corporation accepting
our internship placement request. Then, we would like to say thanks to Amhara Media Amhara
Media Corporation ICT center staff members: Mr.Tamer, Mr. Sulaman, Ethiopian and our
main coordinator Mr. Zelalem whose encouragement, guidance and support from the initial to
the final level, enabled us to develop and understanding of the field practice and complete it on
time. And also, I would like to thanks other Amhara Media Corporation employers for their
help and cooperation during our field practice.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS

AMICO/AMC=Amhara Media Corporation

ICT=Information Communication Technology
IT= Information Technology
RJ45=
HD=High Digital
PC=personal Computer

LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES

ABSTRACT
Abstract
This field attachment report is about
internship held at Youth After School
Initiative Uganda
Chapter, Wakiso district from 28th May to
2nd August 2019. It contains such a
practice, experience
and discipline exposed to me from
YASI in areas of governance,
peace, apprenticeship,
diplomacy, administration as well as
service delivery to people.
During this period, I was in position to
interact with every category of people in
their capacities
during career guidance’s, dialogues,
conferences, meetings, workshops and
office visits and
calls. It was really a great experience to
get exposed to a variety of organizations
in Uganda
where by accomplished number of tasks,
responsibilities and solutions to different
alternatives to
institutions were done, like during the
international youth day planning
meetings, international
youth day marathon planning
meetings, National CSOs gala
planning meetings and youth
dialogues.
So this section contains the summary of
the complete content of the study as
follows; chapter
one articulates the introduction,
background of field attachment,
objectives of attachment,
background of the host organization,
organizational culture, gender in the
organization, structure
of organization and the main
activities of the organization.
Chapter two articulates the
experiences of the intern like title, duties
and responsibilities, supervision levels
and relationship
with supervisor, work team and its
composition, team member working
relations, authority
levels, interests, challenges and what can
be managed, chapter three comprises of
the evaluation
on field attachment, like level of
accomplishment of duties, skills gained
from duties, interesting
experiences, relatedness to the field of
discipline I offer, challenges faced,
benefits, adequacy in
University’s preparations for field
attachment and preparedness of the
agency to receive me and
chapter four comprises of the
conclusions, recommendations,
references and appendices
Abstract
This field attachment report is about
internship held at Youth After School
Initiative Uganda
Chapter, Wakiso district from 28th May to
2nd August 2019. It contains such a
practice, experience
and discipline exposed to me from
YASI in areas of governance,
peace, apprenticeship,
diplomacy, administration as well as
service delivery to people.
During this period, I was in position to
interact with every category of people in
their capacities
during career guidance’s, dialogues,
conferences, meetings, workshops and
office visits and
calls. It was really a great experience to
get exposed to a variety of organizations
in Uganda
where by accomplished number of tasks,
responsibilities and solutions to different
alternatives to
institutions were done, like during the
international youth day planning
meetings, international
youth day marathon planning
meetings, National CSOs gala
planning meetings and youth
dialogues.
So this section contains the summary of
the complete content of the study as
follows; chapter
one articulates the introduction,
background of field attachment,
objectives of attachment,
background of the host organization,
organizational culture, gender in the
organization, structure
of organization and the main
activities of the organization.
Chapter two articulates the
experiences of the intern like title, duties
and responsibilities, supervision levels
and relationship
with supervisor, work team and its
composition, team member working
relations, authority
levels, interests, challenges and what can
be managed, chapter three comprises of
the evaluation
on field attachment, like level of
accomplishment of duties, skills gained
from duties, interesting
experiences, relatedness to the field of
discipline I offer, challenges faced,
benefits, adequacy in
University’s preparations for field
attachment and preparedness of the
agency to receive me and
chapter four comprises of the
conclusions, recommendations,
references and appendices
This field attachment report is about internship held at Amhara Media Corporation , Bahir Dar
district from 3rd June to 30th August 2022. It contains such a practice, experience and
apprenticeship , diplomacy, administration as well as service delivery to people. During this
period, I was in position to interact with every category of networking , software devloping and
office visits . It was really a great experience to get exposed to Amhara Media Corporation
where by accomplished number of tasks, responsibilities and solutions to different alternatives.
So this section contains the summary of the complete content of the study as follows; chapter
one articulates the introduction, background of field attachment, objectives of
attachment ,background of the host organization, structure of organization and the main
activities of the organization and etc. Chapter two articulates Description of Internship
experiences of Internship department ,Size and structure of the department ,Roles of the
department in co-activities ,Nature of work/tasks carried , chapter three is about Internship
Work experience ,Technical experience ,Non-technical experience ,Learning area of interest in
Computing , chapter four deals about Benefits of Internship, Challenges , Personal Challenges,
Organization Challenges , Conclusion, Recommendations , Recommendation for future interns,
for the Organization and for the University, at last references.
Abstract
This field attachment report is about
internship held at Youth After School
Initiative Uganda
th
Chapter, Wakiso district from 28 May to
2nd August 2019. It contains such a
practice, experience
and discipline exposed to me from
YASI in areas of governance,
peace, apprenticeship,
diplomacy, administration as well as
service delivery to people.
During this period, I was in position to
interact with every category of people in
their capacities
during career guidance’s, dialogues,
conferences, meetings, workshops and
office visits and
calls. It was really a great experience to
get exposed to a variety of organizations
in Uganda
where by accomplished number of tasks,
responsibilities and solutions to different
alternatives to
institutions were done, like during the
international youth day planning
meetings, international
youth day marathon planning
meetings, National CSOs gala
planning meetings and youth
dialogues.
So this section contains the summary of
the complete content of the study as
follows; chapter
one articulates the introduction,
background of field attachment,
objectives of attachment,
background of the host organization,
organizational culture, gender in the
organization, structure
of organization and the main
activities of the organization.
Chapter two articulates the
experiences of the intern like title, duties
and responsibilities, supervision levels
and relationship
with supervisor, work team and its
composition, team member working
relations, authority
levels, interests, challenges and what can
be managed, chapter three comprises of
the evaluation
on field attachment, like level of
accomplishment of duties, skills gained
from duties, interesting
experiences, relatedness to the field of
discipline I offer, challenges faced,
benefits, adequacy in
University’s preparations for field
attachment and preparedness of the
agency to receive me and
chapter four comprises of the
conclusions, recommendations,
references and appendices
CHAPTER ONE
1. Introduction

Amhara Media Corporation (AMICO) is the Media Organization of the Amhara Regional State
Government and people in Ethiopia. It operates one free on-air Television Station, 4 Free-on-
air and 2 to air Radio Stations and 4 on circulation news papers. Now the organization is
participating at online media. Its broadcasting operation is based in Bahir Dar, but it has 10
branches in Amhara region and 1 branch in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia.

Internship program is known by giving students the opportunity to apply their knowledge in
real world environments. In the same manner, the student will also able to develop skills which
will help them to perform well at real world jobs, so based on this reality on the ground I have
done my internship program in Amhara Media Corporation which is located in Bahir Dar, the
internship is part of curriculum requirement for two month from 3 rd June to 30th August 2022
G.C.

1.2 Background of the field attachment

Field attachment is about giving the students a practicum opportunity that will gain and
exchange experience. It’s carried out by staff and students so students and others exposed to
their activities. The main intention is to expose students to the practical world enabling
them to relate techniques theoretically learnt into real-life problem solving situations hence
my involvement as a student. While the students are given placements, the university in
collaboration with the field organization makes sure that the students are assessed. This is
done to appraise the students’ potential, abilities, strength and weaknesses. Finally marks are
awarded to students. I personally got involved in this university program which I carried out at
AMICO and I achieved a lot in terms of acquisition of skills ,confidence and getting new
developmental friends.

1.2.1 Definition of Field Attachment

Field attachment is a field-based practical training experience that prepares trainees for the
tasks they are expected to perform on completion of their training. The field attachment is a
practical exercise for the students. The students will be attached to one relevant institution /
organization for some period time.
 1.2.2 Purpose of field attachment

To provide an opportunity for students to apply the principles and techniques theoretically
learnt into real-life problem solving situations.

To develop student understanding of work ethics, employment demands, responsibilities and
opportunities.

To enable students get hands on real life experience as they are expected to work in when they
graduate.
To provide an opportunity for students and academic staff to interact with the stakeholders
and potential employers.

1.3 Objectives of Organization

Amhara Media Corporation (AMICO) is a media established in 1993 and is accountable to the
Amhara Regional Council. The objective of the establishment of the organization is to bring the
people of the region to a better state by strengthening the region's culture, traditions, and values
and creating universal intimacy. It is the media that is doing its part to bring peace and
democracy to the country. In addition to Amharic, AMICO is broadcasting in 6 languages,
Khmthna, Awigna, Tigrinya, Oromo, Arabic and English.

1.4 Vision and Mission of the Organization

1.4.1 Vision

To be the leading and preferred media institution in 2012 by providing information that enables
the development of democratic thinking in our country.

1.4.2 Mission
It is to play a constructive role in creating an efficient and transformative information supply
between the government and society so that national consensus and superiority of thought can
move to a higher level.
 1.5 Organizational Structure

1.7 Core Values of the Organization

A. Compliance with professional principles

B. Public partisanship

C. Artistic creativity

D. Working together

1.8 Organizational Roles

Amhara Media Corporation is a television, radio and newspaper news organization owned by
the Amhara Region government in Ethiopia. The main role of the organization is promoting
development, peace and democratization through its television, radio ,YouTube and
newspapers. In 2015, AMICO launched an international tender to purchase a large production
and archive system in order to prepare for a 24-hour continuity. AMICO is a news,
documentary and entertainment media that strives for the betterment of the life of the people
since 1987 E.C.

1.9 Main activities of the Organization

1:Production, Playout and Archive System:

Our proposal was based on technology of our key partner Avid. The system should support HD
operation. AMICO is also using file-based SONY camcorders. The system included:

-Shared Storage with Production Asset Management

-8-channel Ingest with Scheduling

-File-Based Ingest and Transcode System

-Web-Based Clients for Browsing and NRCS Preparation

-Video Editing Suites for News, Trailers and Documentaries

-8-channel Studio Playout with Studio Automation

-Master Control Playout with Automation System

-Digital Archive Tape Library

-Shared Storage with Production Asset Management

The core of the system was Avid ISIS7500 central shared storage with 4 x 64ΤΒ chassis. The
networking of the system is based on Cisco Ethernet switches with copper and optical
connectivity. Material is managed by the Avid Interplay Production Asset Management System
in clustered architecture.

-Ingest Automation
The SDI ingest of all materials is managed centrally from the Avid Interplay Capture system. It
controls 8 SD/HD channels from 2 x Avid Airspeed 5500 servers. The Interplay Capture
operators can schedule all recordings either from Live Satellite and MW Links, or from VTR’s
using RS-422 control. In addition, file ingest is achieved from a Telestream Vantage System.
Vantage can also transcode and re-wrap files that come from different file formats to ensure
compatibility. All ingest materials are automatically transferred to ISIS and update the Interplay
PAM database. While ingesting, the Interplay PAM allows the journalists and the editors to
have access on the literally a few seconds after ingest has started and even if the ingest
continues.

-Newsroom and Journalist Browsing

The Newsroom was designed using iNews newsroom automation. iNews manages the planning
of the News Production of the complete day and can communicate the rundown to the rest of
the system. Journalists use the Avid Interplay Central web based software to view, log and edit
all of the materials prior to editing. Journalist can start viewing or editing their stories only a
few seconds after the start of the ingest.

-Editing
The finishing of all items is carried out by Avid Media Composer Editing with NewsCutter
Option. The editor can open the iNews NRCS tool and link the video story to be created with
the news rundown. He can also view the material prepared by the journalist in Interplay Assist
which is instantly available. When finished, the editor can use the “Send to Playout” menu
command to send it to the news studio for playout.

-Studio Playout
AMICO has 3 Studios in their building and 8 channels of twin Airspeed 5500 servers are
available for playout in both studios. The editors can specify to send their finished stories each
time to the appropriate Airspeed/Studio and avoid the use of tape.

The playout servers are controlled by iNews Command playout automation system. It is fully
integrated with the iNews NRCS system and can automatically read the rundown created in
iNews. Using Avid’s integrated solution it can automatically detect the story from the Video ID
and can color-indicate the user when a story is ready for playout.

-Master Control (Continuity) Program Playout

Program Playout is managed by Aveco Astra Automation System. Aveco Astra control a
mirrored pair of Grass Valley K2 servers, as well as AMMA’s Master Control Mixer, Video
Router, Logo Generator and Character Generator. Aveco can receive files from Avid or
Telestream Vantage and automatically register them for playout. Aveco Astra is operated in 4
Terminals for Playlist Preparation, Ingest and Program Playout Control.

-Digital Archive
All material can be archived to a Spectra Logic T950 Digital Robotic Tape Library, controlled
by SGL Flashnet Archive Management System. SGL Flashnet integrates with both Avid
Interplay Production System and Aveco Astra Automation Systems. So both editors (or
journalists) from the Avid Media Composer UI and Master Control operators from Aveco Astra
UI can send material to archive or can request material to be restored. SGL Flashnet has its own
WEB GUI that allows users to search for material and admin tools.

-Workflow design and training

Telmaco designed not only the system connectivity but also the basic workflow operation of
the system. The training completed on-site after the commissioning and covered both technical
and operational aspects of the overall system.

2: New Studio Set based on VideoWall System

-Set Design
The Set was Design by an Special Architect/Scenographer with Large Experience from TV
Studio Set Design and with knowledge of the use of VideoWall technology to create a flexible
for the operators and modern for the viewers look.

-VideoWall
The VideoWall is a Curved Size made from 20 x Barco 70” OL-series Projection LED
Illiminated Cubes with No Gap Screens. The Cubes are arranges in 10x2. The Screens are
Managed by Barco E2 Video Wall Processor Mixer. They are fed with Graphics Played by 5 x
7th Sense Media Servers each sending 1920 x 1080 images to Barco E2. Additional SDI or
HDMI sources can be fed to the Barco E2 to make Video Windows inside the Video Wall
Screens.
 1.10 My position at the Organization

A
TECHNICAL REPORT
ON
STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL
WORK EXPERIENCE
SCHEME {SIWES}
UNDERTAKEN AT
ENCLAVE COMPUTER
COLLEGE,
LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
A
TECHNICAL REPORT
ON
STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL
WORK EXPERIENCE
SCHEME {SIWES}
UNDERTAKEN AT
ENCLAVE COMPUTER
COLLEGE,
LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
I am computer science student so my position at the organization was things that related to information,
technology and computer based systems on the past months we mostly focused on Networking .They
manage and monitor the network after receiving from telecommunication .The are responsible for the
operation, administration, maintenance and provisioning of networked system and the other is software
development.

1.11 My Basic Computing Area

My basic computing area was networking. We have seen how networking system can be managed
after receiving from telecommunication. We have seen about how to use a printer in networked
system and for single user. We have seen about Microsoft Visio and installation of networking
around offices. Software developing for approving material request for AMICO was the other
my computing area.

CHAPTER TWO

DESCRIPTION OF INTERNSHIP
2. Introduction
AMICO has three squad to maintain information, technology and computer based systems
which are Software squad, Maintenance squad and Networking squad .On the past two month
we mostly focused on Networking and software development .They manage and monitor the
network after receiving from telecommunication .The are responsible for the operation,
administration, maintenance and provisioning of networked system.
2.1 Internship

An internship is a hired introductory position for a defined period. They can be paid or unpaid,
as the main purpose is for the intern to gain experience. You typically apply for an internship
during undergraduate or graduate studies in your chosen field, and then work for a company for
one or more months, either full-time or part-time. You might work as an intern over a summer
or during a semester or quarter with your classes. Some internships allow you to receive college
credit upon completion.

Internships can help you gain valuable work experience, fulfill college requirements and give
you material to add to your resume. They can introduce you to many aspects of full-time
employment while allowing you to explore your interests and form your personal career goals.

2.2 Internship department

The internship department was IT department/staff .It has three squad but I have practiced
with only Software squad and Networking squad.

2.3 Size and structure of the department

2.4 Roles of the department in co-activities

The IT staff have role on things related to networking, maintenance and software developing. For
co-activities in the organization the IT staff provides internet service. In a office when
someone went to share a printer for fast service the IT staffs are who installs the sharing
system. There is a web based system if this system have any problem ,the IT staffs are who
are responsible for solving the problem .

2.5 Nature of work/tasks carried

Nature of tasks most of the time they are practical like crimping RJ45 cable ,making the cables
in the proper order and sometimes theoretical like how the router give an IP address for
users ,about LAN and WAN networks and etc.

2.5.1 Week One

The first week was just introduction about networking things like terms used in
networking ,network cabling ,LAN and WAN , networking tools and networking devices.
Networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of
sharing data. Network is built with a mix of computer hardware and software.
Data center design includes routers, switches, firewalls, storage systems, servers, and application
delivery controllers. An IP address is a numeric identifier assigned to each machine on an IP network. It
designates the specific location of a device on the network. It is a software address. The two types of IP
addresses are the version 4 types (IPv4) and the version 6 type (IPv6). The IPv4 is the most widely
used.

Network address- This is a designation used to send packets to a remote network.

Examples are 10.0.0.0, 172.68.0.0, 192.168.10.0

There are three types or classes of IP addresses in use. They are:

(i) The Class A IP addresses: These have 8 bits for network addressing, and 24 bits for host.

Example 10.0.0.4 is an address under the 10.0.0.0.network. The range for the network address is 0 to
127.

(ii) The Class B IP addresses: These have 16 bits for network addressing, and 16 bits for host.

Example is 171.52.0.6 is a host address under the 171.52.0.0 network. The range for the network
address is 128-191.

(iii) The Class C IP addresses: These have 24 bits for network addressing, and 8 bits for host.

. The range for the network address is 192-123.

Server: server is a computer that provides shared resources to network users (client). Servers are
typically powerful computers that run the software that controls and maintained the network.

Router: This is a specialized network device that determines the next point to which it can forward a
data packet towards the ultimate destination of the packet .The routers in AMC supports fiber optic
cables which means they have port for fiber optic.
 Switch: This device allocate traffics from one network segment to certain lines (intended
destination (s)) which connects the segment to another work segment. Switch splits the network traffic
and sends it to different destination to all system on the network.

In AMC networking system there is no any hub because hub don’t support full duplex networking
mode it support half duplex networking mode.

Internet: The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer networking
worldwide, which is accessible to the general public. These interconnected computers work by
transmitting data through a special type of packet switching which is known as the internet protocol
(IP). Internet is such a huge network of several different interlinked networks relating to the business,
government, academic, and even smaller domestic networks, therefore internet is known as the
network of all the other networks

Frame: This is the protocol data unit of the data link layer.

Packet: This is the protocol data unit of the network layer.

Link: It is a barrier between a source and the destination.

Media converter: is a networking device that connects two different media, like Ethernet
copper and Ethernet fiber. Typically, they connect devices that are beyond 100 meters from the
nearest available switch.

*But in AMC data center they are not using media converter because when we use more
devices their will be signal loss .So they use fiber supporting routers .

And we also learn about LAN and WAN.

(i) Local Area Network (LAN): LAN consists of a computer network a single sit, typically an
individual office building. A LAN is useful for sharing of resources.

Note: network resources are other peripheral devices that are shared on a network such as printers, flash
drives, CD-ROM, scanner etc

(ii) WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN): WAN occupies a very large area, such as countries or entire
world. WAN contains multiple smaller networks.

NETWORK CABLING

The three primary cables that I have come across are:

(i) Coaxial cable

(ii) Twisted-pair (unshielded and shielded)

(iii) Fiber-Optic cable

NETWORK TOOL
Crimping tool: While this is the expensive part of making your own cables, it is only a one-time startup
cost. A good crimping tool has a pair of wire cutters built in, as well as a blade to strip insulation. It also
might support crimping of other connectors such as RJ-11.

RJ-45 connectors: They usually come in bags of 50, 100 etc. Pay attention to the type of RJ-45
connector you get and make sure it is intended for the type of Cat 5 wire you are using. There are 40
two different kinds of RJ-45 connectors, depending on whether you use them with solid or stranded wire
cable. Using the wrong kind with the wrong cable will most likely result in a bad connection.

NETWORK CABLE TESTER: One of the problems with wired networks is that when they
cease to work, troubleshooting may be a little more difficult as compared to wireless networks.
This is where a network cable tester can help you. A network cable tester is a useful device that
allows you to check the continuity of the cable to figure out if the signal is strong enough to get
through to the network. This helps to eliminate cable connectivity issues while troubleshooting
the problems.

PUNCH DOWN TOOL: The punch down tool is also known as the Krone tool. It is small tool
that is used most frequently by network troubleshooting technicians. The basic purpose of a
punch down tool is to insert wires into various devices like pinch down blocks, patch panels,
surface mount boxes, and more with the help of insulation-displacement connectors.

2.5.2 Week Two

We have seen how networking system can be managed after receiving from
telecommunication .

 The network system in AMHARA MIDEA CORPORATION is local area network. For
local area network first we have to buy an IP from telecommunication and the LAN will
connect to telecommunication through fiber optic cable. When it came it has only one
IP which is bought from telecommunication. After it reach the company the IP address
will be splashed to many IP addresses. The fiber optic cable connected to our router that
 found in the data center then the router change IP address into company IP address so
the router gives IP address for the user statically or dynamically. When we give IP
address statically we have to go on every computers on the company so it is very
difficult to give IP address manually so AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION is not
using such kind of way but they use dynamic IP addressing. Dynamic IP addressing is
when the router give IP for the user automatically so the router will have so many works
to do, it will warm fast and sometimes their might IP loss. For example sometime
computer may out of the network so for 24 hours that IP will not be used by other
computer but after the router configuration on the mooring that IP will be given for
other computer automatically .The router they use have fiber optic supporting port if the
router haven’t a port that support fiber optic then we need to buy media
converter .Media converter is a device that help us to use devices without our interest
port .When we choose a router we have to choose a router with fiber optic supporting
port if the network came fiber optic cable. Then connect to switch. From the switch the
network distributed to many direction using RJ45 ,the switch and router connected
using RJ45.

 RJ45 has two color coding straight through and cross over. If we went to connect the
same devices we use cross over like computer to computer the color code is on the first
end it is green-white ,green, orange-white, blue, blue-white, orange, white-brown and
brown on the other end orange-white, orange, white-green, blue, white-blue, green,
white-brown and brown. Straight through used for differ devices like connecting
computer to switch, switch to router and the color coding is in both side is the same
orange-white, orange, white-green, blue, white-blue, green, white-brown and brown.
To make the proper color coding we will cut the both end using cutter we will make
color coding that we use base on the devices. After that insert the tips to the RJ45
connecter and crimp using crimper.
 We can also make female connecter( keystone jack). At the back there is tow ways of
coloring A and B we should use the same for all and using puncher stick the wires with
the keystone jack .

 Using tester we can check the cable is working properly then it is read to plug in to
devices .

 When we went to manage the router we will type the router IP on our computer browser
.Then it asks for username and password (most of the time we can find it on the back of
the router or by visiting the router manufacturing company website .When we logged in
it has menu like advanced ,maintenance ,status and setup .We can set password ,
remote control ,filtering user ,giving LAN IP and WAN IP and other things.
 We have seen about how to use a printer in networked system and for single user.
 In Amhara media corporation they use one printer for one office. In that office their might be one
or more computers.
 If there is only one computer we can connect it directly then we install the driver on our
computer based on its modal , so every different type of printer have it’s on driver and we have
to install the right one. After we install the driver we can connect the computer to the printer
using USB cable or wirelessly ( Bluetooth ) .If we install the driver and setting things up
properly we can use the printer.
 If there are more than one computer we must share the printer. There are two ways of sharing
printer. The first one is using the printer indirectly which means using the printer by connecting
to a computer which is connected to the printer. We should follow the following steps.

On the computer which is connected to the printer :

1. Select the Start  button, then select Settings > Devices  > Printers & scanners.

2. Choose the printer you want to share, then select Manage.
3. Select Printer Properties, then choose the Sharing tab.
4. On the Sharing tab, select Share this printer.
5. If we want, we can edit the share name of the printer. You'll use this name to connect to
the printer from a secondary PC.

Set up Sharing settings:The settings you use to share devices is often turned on by default. If
not, follow the steps in this section to turn settings on using settings or Control Panel.

1. Select the Start  button, then select Settings  > Network & Internet  >  Network and Sharing

Center.

2. Under Related settings, select Change advanced sharing options.

3. In the Advanced sharing settings dialog box, expand the Private section. Next, under Network
discovery, select Turn on network discovery to be discovered by other computers .

4. Under File and printer sharing, select Turn on file and printer sharing ,it helps to share printer.

5. Under password protected sharing select Turn off password protected sharing.

Connect the shared printer to another computer

1. Select the Start  button, then select Settings  > Devices > Printers & scanners.

2. Under Add printers & scanners, select Add a printer or scanner.

3. Choose the printer you want, and then select Add Device.

4. If you don’t see the printer you want, select The printer that I want isn’t listed.

5. In the Add printer dialog box, select Select a shared printer by name, and then enter the
computer or device name of the first computer and the share name of the printer using one of
these formats:

1. \\computername\printername

2. http://computername/printername/.printer

6. When prompted to install the printer driver, select Next to complete the installation.
 The first one computer must be turned on. By default, you need the user name and password of
the first computer to access the printer. But if we select turn off password protected sharing we
do not need to knew the password. Then we can use the printer.

 If we went to use the printer by more than one computer in the same networked system on
the printer they have port for RJ45. The cable coloring must be straight-through because
we are connecting different devices. The we should give IP for the printer if the router
didn’t give IP for the printer.Steps to give IP for printer:

On LCD control panel (we see HP LaserJet Pro 400 Printer M401)

1. On the control panel, press the OK button.

2. Use the arrow buttons to select the Network Setup option, and then press the OK button.
3. Use the arrow buttons to select the TCP/IP configuration option, and then press
the OK button.
4. Use the arrow buttons to select the Manual option, and then press the OK button.
5. Use the alphanumeric buttons to type the IP address, and then press the OK button.
6. If the IP address is incorrect, use the arrow buttons to select the No option, and then press
the OK button. Repeat step 5 with the correct IP address, and then repeat step 5 for the
subnet mask and default gateway settings.
Then we can use the printer by any computer which is in the same network. We’ll need to
know your printer’s IP address in order to connect new devices to it. Here’s how to connect
those new devices,
1. Type Printers in the search bar.
2. Select Printers and Scanners.
3. Choose Add Printer or Scanner.
4. Select The Printer I Want Isn’t Listed.
5. Select Add a Printer Using TCP/IP Address.
6. Click Next.
7. Click TCP/IP Device.
8. Enter your printer’s IP address.

2.5.3 Week Three

Microsoft Visio is a diagramming and vector graphics application and is part of the Microsoft

Office family.
Microsoft Visio is used to create diagram types such as Flowcharts, Org Charts, Floor
Plans, Network Diagrams, UML Diagrams, Mind maps and more. It is also commonly used for
scenarios such as Process Mapping and Visual Collaboration. 

We use Microsoft Visio for design AMHARA MIDEA CORPORATION networking system.

For networking devices after opening the application on the left side there is more shape option
>network > Rack_mounted equipments then we can get rack, server , etc ,for buildings select
engineering then we can get a lot of shapes.

On the following figure we try to design the buildings

On the following figure we try to design how cables are installed outside the building as you
see from main office it goes to radio office and TV office .The cable came from
telecommunication is connected in main office and the data center is found in the main office.
The left side building is TV office and it has rack, patch panel and switch on each floor.

The right side building is radio office and it has rack, patch panel and switch on each floor.

The center building is main office and the data center found here ever network in the
AMHARA MIDEA CORPORATION is taken from the data center. Most switch connected
directly to the switch that found in the data center.

2.5.4 Week Four

In every office there must be proper network installation which means if we
want rack in the office ,the rack must put on wall putting the rack on the floor
and on ceiling is not the right way. When we put the rack on the wall we must
be careful for the devices that put in the rack like switch ,pach panel and
cable .In the past week we have done network installation of HEBER office in
AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION.

Tasks we have done

There was rack in heber side office which is not placed in the right way. They put
the rack on the floor so it is not safe ,the cable are not in a good way and it does
not have a good looking, look the below photo .

As you seen it , it need reinstallation .

Equipment for the task.

 Tester: to find cable which is connected to the tester from many cables

 Cutters, Scissors, Pliers: for cutting cables

 Crimp Tools : A crimping tool is one of the most crucial network

connecting tools. In order to connect a connector to the cable, you will
need a tool to crimp or connect.

 Network Testers: One of the problems with wired networks is that when
they cease to work, troubleshooting may be a little more difficult as
compared to wireless networks. This is where a network cable tester can
help you.

 Cable Tie: for tie the cables.

  Punch down tool :The basic purpose of a punch down tool is to insert
wires into various devices like pinch down blocks, patch panels, surface
mount boxes, and more with the help of insulation-displacement
connectors.

 Drilling and drill bits :to attach the rack to the wall we need to make holes on the
wall.
First we take off the switch and pach panel from the rack.

So we can move the rack as we want. If the devices are in the rack we can’t
move the rack because the devise might be damaged .

Then we drill the wall for the fisher so we can put the rack on the wall .After that
we can put the devices in the rack and we should arrange the cable that came in
all direction like cables that came through ceiling and floor.

Then we can connect the cables and the devices and the rack must be locked for
security purpose .There was short cables then we extend the cable using
keystone jacket and panch the wires(it has A and B color arrangement we use B
because they use B every time) to keystone jacket then we can connect the
wire .After hard work it looks like this.

2.5.5 Week Five

In office we might want to share files .If we follow some guidelines we can
share files using only RJ45. In AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION they use
this guidelines .In AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION they have big data
center for managing live broadcasting and normal broadcasting .

THINGS WE HAVE SEEN

Data centers and related things in AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION

Files like audio and video came in different way like in CD or flash then they
ingest into the system which means they put the file into server. If they want they
can access the files from the server. There is a office which is called Ingest and
Archade that work on putting file into the system.
The files will be putted in different servers like editing server, row data server and
final server. In AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION there is a system called
Avid that helps the editing system to be easy .

The other server is used for live broadcasting .When they broadcast they manage
the server and other devices by using a devices called BlackBox from
studio .They have easy access to the device in the server room so they can play
out properly. If anything happen wrong there is video pach panel to change the
play out video.
In studio the CJ man sites near the wasp so he can control the sound and video
that is recording .They have talkback device to talk peoples inside the studio from
outside.

Share Files between Two Computers Using Cable

The following is the step by step guide to transfer files between PC’s using an
Ethernet cable(RJ45).

The advantage of LAN cable Over others

The main advantage of using the Ethernet cable method is faster transfer speeds,
at least faster than your regular flash drives and Wi-Fi. If you have a lot of data to
transfer then using the Ethernet cable is the best way to go.

Things You Need

Two Windows computers obviously

RJ45

Step 1: Connect Both PCs With LAN Cable

Connect both computers to a LAN cable. You can use any LAN cable (crossover
or Ethernet cable); it doesn’t matter on a modern computer. Because both of them
use the same port and have very few functional differences.

Step 2: Enable Network Sharing on Both PCs

Now that you have physically connected both PCs with a LAN cable, we have to
turn on Network Sharing on both computers to exchange files between them. It is
a simple process step-by-step process. Make sure you do this on both PCs. 

To enable sharing, go to the Start menu and search “Control Panel”. Once you see
it, click on it, to open it.

Once the Control Panel window opens, click on Network and Internet.

In the next dialogue box, open Network and Sharing Center. Alternatively, you
can also type “Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network and Sharing
Center” in the search box of Control Panel and hit Enter key. This will redirect
you from Control Panel to Network and Sharing Center.

On the left-hand side of ‘Network and Sharing Center’ window, click on “Change
advanced sharing settings”.

Here, you’ll find three networks – Public, Private and All Network, you choose
“All Networks“.

Next, expand All Networks by clicking on the drop-down icon. Here, we need to
enable Public Sharing so that the PCs can access files from each other over the
LAN cable. To avoid more configuration, just Turn off password protected
sharing.

By doing so, you enable the other computer to access shared data without
providing any credentials. This is not a good security practice by since you are
sharing your data with people you trust, you can make this one-time exception.
Once you are done with file sharing, make sure you Turn on password protected
sharing.

Once done, click Save Changes. Just as I said in the beginning, repeat the same
steps for the other PC.
Step 3: Setup Static IP

Now that you have enabled network sharing on both PCs, it’s time to bring both
the computers on to the same network. We will do this by setting a static IP
address of the same class. Just like the previous step, you need to do this on both
PCs. The following are the steps.

1. To set up a Static IP, open Control Panel, browse to Network and Internet and
click on Network Sharing Center. Alternatively, you can also right-click on the
Start Menu and select Network Connections.

2. On the next window, you will see the active connections which should be
Ethernet, since both PCs are connected with a physical LAN cable. Click on the
Ethernet link. A new dialog box will open, here click on the Properties button.

3. In the next pop-up, select “Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)”. Now,

click on Properties. This will open another dialogue box.

4. Here, you need to configure the two PCs with different IP settings.

On computer 1, select the option “Use the following IP address.” and, put the
following values

IP Address: 192.168.1.1

Subnet mask: 225.225.225.0

Default gateway: 192.168.1.2

Of course, it’s not necessary you use these IP addresses. You can use any Class A
or B IP address. In case you are not sure what this all means, better stick with this
example.
On the second computer, do similar steps, but flip the IP address and Default
gateway values

IP address: 192.168.1.2

Subnet mask: 225.225.225.0

Default gateway: 192.168.1.1

What we are doing is keeping the subnet mask the same and changing the IP
address.

Next, open your Window’s File Explorer and click on Network tab at the left side
of the window.

If you have set up everything right, both the PCs should appear in this Network
window on both computers. Now, you can just click on the other PC’s icon and
browse the file. But wait, you still need to configure one last setting.

Step 4: Share a folder

Assuming that you have connected the cable properly, enabled the sharing
options, and configured the IP addresses. Now, it is time to send files from one
PC to another. For that, you first need to share the target folder on LAN. I’ll
recommend, you can create a new folder on your desktop, and copy paste all the
files that you want to move to another computer in that folder.

Next, select the folder you want to share and right-click on it. From the context
menu, navigate to “Give access to” and select the option “Specific People.”
3. In the File Sharing window, choose Everyone from the drop-down menu.
Click on the Add button next to it and finally hit the Share button.

Once you have shared it, the next window will show you the network location of
the folder.

That’s it. Just go back to the other PC from where you want to access the file,
open the Networks panel and click on the other computer’s name.

From there, just open the folder and transfer the files and folders as you normally
do. i.e, by copy and paste. Similarly, you can repeat the same steps from the other
computer.

This method would work only between Windows PC. For Mac or Linux, you
need to use a different file sharing agent like Samba.

Share Files between Two Computers Using Cable

In the same network
This way is the same as the above one the only difference is this one involves
router and switch ,so the computer gets there IP from the router then every
computer in AMHARA MEDIA CORPORATION can share any file from any
computer if they are in same workgroup.

2.5.6 Week Six

On last week we try to develop a software system for AMICO that try to solve
problems related to material request and approval. This web based system have
admin side and employee side. Both Admin side and Employee side contains
bootstrap and image folder.

To get access to this system first write ‘localhost/amco’ on the searching area
then it leads you to index.php page that found in amco folder. On the navbar there
are home(index.php), login(login.php which used to login as admin or employee)
and registration(registration.php which used to register as admin or employee )
buttons.
To login to the system first we have to register first as an admin or employee. If we forget our
password we can update it .

When we login to the system as an admin the navbar contains home button(navigates to
index.php),materials (navigates to material.php which contains list of materials ),
Emp_info(navigates to employee.php which contains list of employee information),
Profile(navigates to profile.php which contains personal information in this page there is edit
button which leads to add.php to edit our profile ), message(navigates to message.php which
helps to chat with employee), admin request(navigates to adminrequest.php which contains list
of admin registration request), logout(navigates to logout.php which used to logout from admin
side and it leads to index.php which found in amco folder) and Feedback(navigates to
feedback.php which contains list of employee and admin comments)

On sidenavbar there are Emp-Regi Request(navigates to employeereq.php which contains list

of employee registration request so the admin can approve and remove), Add
material(navigates to add.php which used to add material), Requested Material(navigates to
mrequest.php which contains list of requested material and the requesting employee so the
admin can approve it or Declan it), Request Information(navigates to irequest.php which
contains list of material requested), Expired and Returned(navigates to expired.php which
contains list of expired and returned materials)
When we login to the system as an employee the navbar contains home button(navigates to
index.php),materials (navigates to material.php which contains list of materials so the employee
can request for material), Profile(navigates to profile.php which contains personal information
in this page there is edit button which leads to add.php to edit our profile ), message(navigates
to message.php which helps to chat with admins), logout(navigates to logout.php which used to
logout from admin side and it leads to index.php which found in amco folder) and
Feedback(navigates to feedback.php which contains list of employee and admin comments)

On sidenavbar there are Profile(navigates to profile.php which contains personal information

in this page there is edit button which leads to add.php to edit our profile ), Material
Request(navigates to mrequest.php which contains list of requested material by the employee
by himself so the employee can see that material is approved for him or not)
 CHAPTER THREE

ANALYSIS
3. Introduction

This Internship introduces me to many aspects of employment while allowing me to explore

my interests and form my personal career goals. I have experienced many technical and non-
technical experiences that may help me on my personal career goals.

3.1. Internship Work experience

The main purpose this internship was to gain experience and I have gained technical
experience and non-technical experience.
 3.1.1 Technical experience
There was short cables then we extend the cable using keystone jacket and panch the wires(it
has A and B color arrangement we use B because they use B every time) to keystone jacket
then we can connect the wire .If we went telephone line but we have extra RJ45 .We can use
the RJ45 as telephone line but we cannot use all the wires of RJ45.

3.1.2 Non-technical experience

 Non-technical interns typically work in business support roles such as: Finance which means
ordering the best device for the system like selecting router over hub because router support
fullduplx but hub does not, Human Resources and Marketing. I have supported by leaders,
mentors and teammates and I have support them.

3.1.3 Learning area of interest in Computing

On the fourth week we have done interesting task with my internship friends it was full
maintenance and installation of min rack.

There was rack in heber side office which is not placed in the right way. They put
the rack on the floor so it is not safe ,the cable are not in a good way and it does
not have a good looking, look the below photo .

After two days hard work it looks like this.

 CHAPTER FOUR

CHALLENGES, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CONCLUSION

4. Introduction

I have faced many challenges from this internship program but it was interesting and I have
get many experience and I have seen some problems in our university and in the organization.
I have passed the challenges that faced me and I spend a good time in the organization.

4.1 Benefits of Internship

As you finish your college education and embark on your chosen career path, consider how an
internship may help you narrow your focus and help train you for future jobs. Here are some
advantages of internships for students: 

1. Job experience

Job listings often describe requirements such as education and minimum job experience. If you
are entering the workforce for the first time after college or a vocational training program, you
likely do not yet have the required experience. An internship is a perfect way to fill that gap.
You can gain valuable exposure to how a business in your chosen field runs, take part in
meetings and perform assigned tasks in a real-world setting.

2. Research experience

In scientific fields, for example, an internship might consist of assisting with research in a lab.
You can test the research skills you learned in your college courses in a practical setting and
meaningfully contribute to the important research the lab does. Some permanent research jobs
require this kind of post-education training. Internship opportunities can help you decide what
kind of lab work you would like to do.

3. Access to a variety of tasks and departments

While some internships, like lab research, might assign you to a specific task every day, other
offices might enable exposure to people in various departments and jobs. You may help senior
management, sit in on meetings, complete small tasks for projects or observe the daily
functions of the office. If your field of study was general, like a B.A. in English, for example,
an internship at a publishing company where you see how each department works could help
you decide what kind of job in the publishing industry you might like to pursue. 
4. Mentorship

The most valuable mentor relationships often start with a personal connection that enhances the
experience for both the mentor and the mentee. Working as an intern may allow you to meet a
potential mentor naturally and establish a relationship that helps guide your career path.

In person, you have the chance to reveal your personality and show deference and respect while
seeking guidance and input. An internship can create a situation where your relationship
develops organically, even if you end up working elsewhere in a full-time position.

5. Help guide career goals

During your education, you may study a variety of subjects to determine your interests. For
some, a college degree helps you determine exactly what kind of career you want to have. For
others, studying offers a diverse set of experiences that presents multiple career options. An
internship can give you job experience by introducing you to daily rigors and tasks without a
firm commitment to that precise career track. It can help you decide if certain jobs fit your
personality and your talents and allow you to meet people who can give you career advice and
guidance. 

6. Create a professional network

The most successful job searching usually comes from meeting others in your field who can
recommend you for open positions. Internships are a practical way to expand your job network.
The professionals you will meet might be the most valuable connection to your future jobs, so
showing curiosity, enthusiasm and willingness can help professional contacts see your

7. Build a strong resume

This valuable job experience enables you to fill out your resume with honesty and specificity.
Not only will you be able to add the duties and projects from your internship to the experience
section of your resume, but you will also be able to more clearly describe your objective for a
permanent position. 

8. Secure good references and recommendations

The supervisors and mentors you meet during your internship can be a valuable reference for
you as you pursue a full-time job. The more positive and hardworking you are, the more likely
managers are willing to recommend you for open positions. References generated from an
internship can be valuable in your job searches because those managers will have known you
personally and seen how you contributed to the company. They can speak to specifics and
describe your developing skills and how your education prepares you for employment. 

9. Transition to a permanent job

If your internship is a positive experience for you and the people you work for, you could be
hired for a permanent position at the company. Hiring managers often use internships as an
interview process to determine which interns would be a good fit for open positions. 
Internships can act as preliminary employment training, and human resources personnel and
managers can observe you in various situations to determine if you might be a valuable addition
to a team. It reduces some stress you might face in looking for a job without making internship
contacts. Even if that company does not have an available permanent position, you can still
move on with contacts and mentors in your field.

10. Build confidence

The transition from college to full-time employment can fill you with excitement, anxiety, hope
and ambition all at once. An internship is a good way to fill some transition time with the work
you hope to do long-term. It can eliminate some pressure of quickly finding a permanent job
and help you apply the skills and knowledge you have acquired to a practical situation. 

Internships can show you how a company develops leaders rather than just learning about it in
the abstract. You can observe excellent time management skills and make a note of those you
want to emulate. You may learn about valuable collaboration and cooperation skills. If you
think of an internship as an extension of your education, you are likely to have a whole range
of confidence-building attributes to apply to your future employment

4.2 Challenges

4.2.1 Personal Challenges

My personal challenge was around the end of the internship we have visited studios when we
visit the studios there was live broadcasting from Woldiya because of that we didn’t visit the
studios properly and when I doing the web based system they didn’t support me I did it all by
myself. It was difficult to find an organization which accept your internship request.

4.2.2 Organization Challenge

In some office around the organization haven’t proper networking installation like the office
next to Heber studio so it is difficult to repair when there is problem .The organization didn’t
have firewall for their system so the organization may have some challenges related to
security. The organization didn’t have access to backup system so the organization may face
problem of losing files.

4.3 Conclusion
In the past two months I have get many experience that helps me for the future. I have seen
some problems in our university and in the organization I hope they will solve the problems.
There were challenges and this challenges teaches me lesson that helps me after graduation. I
really went to thank AMICO IT staff.
4.4 Recommendations

4.4.1 Recommendation for future interns

Future interns should find an organization with many things to practice organization like
Ethiotelecom or Safaricom so they can practice batter.

4.4.2 Recommendation for the Organization

The organization didn’t have firewall for their system so the organization may have some
challenges related to security so they should have firewall for system. The organization didn’t
have backup system so the organization may face problem of losing files so the organization
should have backup system.

4.4.3 Recommendation for the University

Our university didn’t give us orientation about which organization should we select and the
university didn’t send anyone to our organization for visiting us for the future the university
should send lecture for visiting students.

REFERENCES

www.Amharaweb.com

AMICO IT staff employees

www.wikipedia.org

www.telmaco.gr