School of Engineering and Technology

H N B Garhwal University, Srinagar

Mathematics-I-2022-23

1. Find the following limits if they exist

𝑥𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦
(𝑖) lim (𝑖𝑖) lim (𝑖𝑖𝑖) lim tan
( , )→( , )𝑥 + 𝑦 ( , )→( , ) 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ( , )→( , ) 𝑥
𝑥𝑦 sin (𝑥 + 𝑦) 2𝑥 𝑦
(𝑖𝑣) lim (𝑣) lim (𝑣𝑖) lim
( , )→( , ) 𝑥 +𝑦 ( , )→( , ) |𝑥| + |𝑦| ( , )→( , ) 𝑥 + 𝑦

(𝑣𝑖𝑖) lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) where 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 1 if 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 2 and 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = −1 if 𝑥 + 𝑦 < 2.

( , )→( , )

(𝑣𝑖𝑖𝑖) lim (𝑥 + 𝑦 ) log 𝑥 +𝑦 .

( , )→( , )

2. (i) Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = for (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 with 𝑥 − 𝑦 ≠ 0. Show that

lim lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 1, but lim lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = −1. What can you say about the existence of
→ → → →
lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) ?
( , )→( , )

(ii) Let 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 0 if 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 sin , if 𝑦 ≠ 0. Compute the (double) limit

lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) and the iterated limits lim lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) but lim lim 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) , if they exist.
( , )→( , ) → → → →

3. Examine the continuity of the functions 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) at (0,0) in each of the following cases. Given
that 𝑓(0,0) = 0 in each case:

𝑥 −𝑦
(𝑖) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = , (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0,0) (𝑖𝑖) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 log(𝑥 + 𝑦 ) , (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0,0)
𝑥 +𝑦

𝑥 −𝑦
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 𝑦 , (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0,0) and 𝑝 > 0, 𝑞 > 0.
𝑥 +𝑦

4. Examine the continuity of the functions 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) at (0,0)

1 1
⎧𝑥 sin + 𝑦 sin , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0, 𝑦 ≠ 0,
⎪ 𝑥 𝑦
⎪ 1
𝑥 sin , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0, 𝑦 = 0,
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥
⎨ 1
⎪ 𝑦 sin , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 ≠ 0,
⎪ 𝑦
⎩0, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0,
5. Show that the function

𝑥𝑦(𝑥 − 𝑦 )
, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≠ 0,
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 +𝑦
0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0,

is differentiable at origin. Find the value of 𝑓 and 𝑓 at (0,0) and see whether they are equal
or not.

6. Show that the following functions are continuous at the origin, possess partial derivatives
but are not differentiable at the origin:

𝑥 −𝑦 𝑥𝑦
, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≠ 0, , 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≠ 0,
(𝑖) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦 (𝑖𝑖) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 +𝑦
0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0,

7. Show that the partial derivatives 𝑓 and 𝑓 exist everywhere in the region −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1,
−1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 1, but 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) is discontinuous at the origin where 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) is given by

𝑥 𝑦
, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≠ 0,
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦
0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0,