NCM 113 TOPIC 1 MIDTERM

NCM 113 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING COMMUNITY HEALTH DETERMINANTS

Community Health Nursing is also known as In general, a community health nurse needs
Public Health Nursing. to collect data on the three (3) categories of
community health determinants
Course Outcome: 1. People
2. Place/s
Utilize the community nursing process in the 3. Social system
performance of safe, appropriate, humanistic and a) Health system
holistic care to population, groups and communities b) Family systems
c) Economic system
Our clients for this topic are groups. So, when we say d) Educational system
groups, it could be adults, children, pregnant women, e) Religious system
senior citizens, etc. who are living in a certain f) Welfare system
community. g) Political system
h) Recreational system
AIM OF CHN i) Legal system
j) Communication system
To improve the health status of the
community in general So, with these determinants, the community
health nurse now has an idea of the community
Community as the focus of care can be functional profile
or territorial.
TYPES OF COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT
NURSING PROCESS
1. Comprehensive Needs Assessment
A blend of primary health care practice that
is preventive, curative, and rehabilitative directed to The nurse gathers data or information about
the individual, family and groups or community the entire community. This requires much time and
Therefore, Nursing Process is considered a effort on the part of the nurse
valuable tool within the Nursing Profession.
2. Problem-Oriented Assessment
PHASES
The nurse focuses on a particular aspect of
1. Assessment health. This approach is workable when the nurse is
2. Diagnosis familiar with the community
3. Planning Ex. a certain part of the community has poor
4. Implementation sanitation. So, the nurse can plan an activity
5. Monitoring and Evaluation focusing on that problem

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT

This step determines the health status of the
community as a primary client
This is the most crucial step in the nursing
process because the nurse needs to be more
aggressive and collects data as reliable as possible
In this step, a community health nurse needs
to use community health assessment tools
TOOLS
In doing community health assessment, the
nurse prepares community health assessment tools,
particularly to collect primary data wherein the
community is the primary source and secondary
data which are taken from existing data sources and
 NCM 113 TOPIC 1 MIDTERM
eventually, she has to plan on how to present
community data.
1. Collecting Primary Data
The nurse collects primary data through
observation, survey, informant interview,
community forum, and focus group discussions
a. Observation is an ocular site seeing
of environment conditions and
identification of available facilities
and resources within the community
b. Survey is appropriate in determining
the attitude, knowledge and health
behaviors, perceptions of health and
health services within the community
c. Informant Interview is a purposeful
talk with key informants or ordinary
members of the community. The
conversation within the nurse and
informants can be structured or
unstructured
d. Community Forum is an open
meeting of the open members of the
community or they commonly call is
as the “pulong-pulong sa
barangay”. It is an effective tool in
providing the people avenue to
express their views and develop their
capacity to influence decision
makers. Community forum can also
be an avenue to validate secondary
data and getting feedback from the
people about the previously gathered
data
e. Focus group discussions (FGD) are
defined as semi structured group
discussions, which yield qualitative
data on the community level by
facilitating interaction between
participants. It differs from
community forum in the sense that it
is made up of a much smaller group,
usually 6-12 participants only. The
aim of FGD is to facilitate
interaction and thereby produce, via
snowballing of thoughts, deeper
insights
2. Secondary Data Sources
a. Registry of Vital Events – these data would
be coming from the National Statistics Office
(NSO)
b. Health Records - Field Health Services
Information System (FHSIS). It is the official
recording and reporting system of the DOH to
generate the data of the health statistics
c. Disease Registries – are special data bases
that contains information about people diagnosed
with a specific type of disease and this can either be
hospital-based or population-based
d. Census data – the source is from the
Philippine Statistical System, along with the
National Statistics Coordination Board and also the
National Statistics Office recorded and updated
every 10 years
READING ASSIGNMENT: FHSIS Manual:
Focus on the components and specific forms used in
recording and transporting data from the grass root
(?) level up to the main office of the DOH
3. Methods To Present Community Data
After assessing the community with the
primary and secondary data, the nurse now thinks
on the methods on how to present the data
a. Bar Graph – usually used to compare
values across different categories of data
b. Line Graph – to describe or give visual
image of trends in the data overtime
c. Pie Graph – used to show percentage
distribution or composition of variables. This is a
very effective tool in highlighting the value of a
group in relation to the whole population
d. Scatter Plot or Diagram – to show
correlation between 2 variables. This is usually
plotted with an X-axis and a Y-axis
 NCM 113 TOPIC 1 MIDTERM

PURPOSES:
1) To inform the health team and members of
the community
2) To make members of the community
appreciate the significance and relevance of health
information to their lives
3) To solicit broader support and participation
in the community health process
4) To validate findings
5) To allow for a wider perspective in the
analysis of data
6) To provide a basis for better decision
making

ASSIGNMENT:
Read on the following laws:
1. RA 3753
2. RA 7160
3. PD 856
4. EO 352 (1996)