‫ﺍ ﻟ ﻔِ ﻘْ ﻪُ ﺍ ﻟْ ﻤَ ﻨْ ﻬَ ﺠِ ﻲ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺬھﺐ اﻟﺈﻣﺎم اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‬

‫رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻞ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬

‫اﻟﻠﻌﺎن‬
‫وﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬
 ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻠﻌﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻠﻌﺎن ـ ﻟﻐﺔ ـ ﻣﺼﺪر ﻻﻋﻦ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ اﻟﻄﺮد‪ ،‬واﻹﺑﻌﺎد‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﻌﻨﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‪ ،‬أي ﻃﺮده وأﺑﻌﺪه‪.‬‬

‫وﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺰوﺟﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ اﻵﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺮﻋﺎ‬

‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﻄﺮ إﻟﻰ‬

‫ﻗﺬف ﻣﻦ ﻟﻄﺦ ﻓﺮاﺷﺔ‪ ،‬وأﻟﺤﻖ اﻟﻌﺎر ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﺳ ﻤ ﻲ ﻟ ﻌﺎﻧﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻻﺷﺘ ﻤﺎ ل ﻫ ﺬه اﻟﻜﻠ ﻤﺎت‬
‫ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻟ ﻔ ﻆ اﻟﻠ ﻌﻦ ‪ ،‬و ﻷن ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟ ﻤﺘ ﻼ ﻋ ﻨﻴ ﻦ ﻳ ﺒﺘ ﻌ ﺪ ﻋﻦ ا ﻵ ﺧﺮ ﺑ ﺎﻟﻠ ﻌﺎن‪.‬‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺰوج ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺰوﺟﺘﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻀﻄﺮ إﻟﻰ أن‬
‫ﻳﺮﻣﻲ أﺣﺪا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺰوج ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺰوﺟﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ أن ﻳﻜﻮن‬

‫ﻣﻀﻄﺮا إﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وواﻗﻊ أﻣﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ارﺗﻜﺎب اﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻮ اﻧﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﻼق ﻻﺳﺘﻠﺰم ذﻟﻚ أن ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻇﻠﻢ آﺧﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎن ﻻﺑﺪ ـ ﻹﻧﺼﺎﻓﻪ ـ ﻣﻦ أن ﻳﺸﺮع ﺣﻜﻢ‬

‫اﻟﻠﻌﺎن‬
‫ﺧﺎص ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﺑﻘﺎء ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰوﺟﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻨﻒ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪاﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
INFLATION DEFLATION

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can be used as demonstrations, lectures, communication tools that can
speeches, reports, and more. be used as lectures.
TYPES OF INFLATION

DEMAND-PULL INFLATION
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COST-PUSH INFLATION
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MONETARY INFLATION
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Theories of Inflation

QUANTITY THEORY
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KEYNESIAN THEORY
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“COST–PUSH” THEORY
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STRUCTURAL THEORY
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 0.5
10 MILLION
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM'S
VENEZUELA'S ANNUAL
ANNUAL PERCENT
PERCENT CHANGE IN
CHANGE IN
INFLATION RATE
INFLATION RATE
BY THE NUMBERS

REAL-LIFE DATA ON INFLATION

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be used as demonstrations, lectures, speeches,
reports, and more.
 INFLATION TRIVIA

41.9

QUADRILLION PERCENT

Hungary's inflation rate in

July 1946, the highest rapid
monthly inflation ever recorded
 WORLDWIDE DATA (2016-2020)
ANNUAL PERCENT Presentations are communication tools that
can be used as lectures.

CHANGE ON

INFLATION RATE

50
40
30
20
10
0
Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6 Item 7 Item 8
 Varieties of Deflation

CHRONIC COMMODITY
DEFLATION INFLATION/DEFLATION
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tools that can be used as lectures. tools that can be used as lectures.

WAGE-PRICE FINANCIAL ASSET

INFLATION/DEFLATION INFLATION/DEFLATION
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tools that can be used as lectures. tools that can be used as lectures.
 Change in capital structure

CAUSES OF

Decrease in money supply

DEFLATION

FACTORS BEHIND
FALLING PRICES

Pessimistic economic outlook

 EFFECTS OF DEFLATION

IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY

FROM LAYOFFS TO INVES TMENTS

 1837: POST PANIC OF 183 7
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HISTORICAL tools that can be used as lectures.

EXAMPLES OF
1930-1933: GREAT
DEPRESSION
DEFLATION
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tools that can be used as lectures.
MAJOR
DEFLATIONARY
PERIODS 1990: JAPANESE DEFLAT ION
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tools that can be used as lectures.
 1. CENTRAL BANKS
INCREASE MONEY SUPP LY.
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tools that can be used as lectures.

How to 2. GOVERNMENT SPURS

Counter AGGREGATE DEMAND.

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Deflation tools that can be used as lectures.

3. IMPOSE LOWER TAXES .

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tools that can be used as lectures.
Presentations are
communication
tools that can be
used as
demonstrations,
lectures, speeches,
reports, and more.
UNCONVENTIONAL MONEY POLICIES

HELICOPTER DROP

HELICOPTER QUANTITATIVE INFLUENCING

DROP EASING EXPECTATIONS

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communication tools communication tools communication tools
that can be used that can be used that can be used
as lectures. as lectures. as lectures.
 YES, WHEN PRICES ARE LOWER
DUE TO TECHNOLOGICAL
IS THERE "GOOD"
INNOVATIONS.

DEFLATION?
Inflation & Deflation:
Breaking Down the Basics
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demonstrations, lectures, speeches, reports, and more.
JOHN MAYNARD

KEYNES

ECONOMIST SPOTLIGHT

EDUCATION & WORK

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tools that can be used as lectures.

SCHOLARLY CONTRIBUT ION

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tools that can be used as lectures.
 INFLATION & DEFLATION IN ACTION

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 CAMDEN MICHAELS
Group Leader

GROUP 1A
SANDRA HEPBURN
MEMBERS Researcher

GET TO KNOW THE

REPORTERS

DAWSON MCKINLEY
Presentation Wizard
TIME TRAVEL GAME

STEP 1
Guess how much the prices of the goods
posted in the board for a given year in the past.

STEP 2
State how much these prices would be today.

STEP 3
State how much these prices would be today.
 INFLATION DEFINITIONS:
THROUGH THE AGES

by Justin Lahart

LIST OF INFLATION VS DEFLAT ION AND

WHY IT MATTERS
REFERENCES by Candice Elliott

ONLINE SOURCES
THE WORLD’ S MOST FAMOUS
CASE OF DEFLATION

Jeff Desjardins