5

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 16:
Expressing Ratios in their
Simplest Form
Mathematics – Grade 5
Quarter 2 – Module 16: Expressing Ratios in their Simplest Form

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer:SHERYLL P. BAYOS
Editors: None
Reviewers: PORTIA P. ENCISA,
MARIA CECILIA B. BELGA
JANET Z. DUMANGAS
Illustrator: None
Layout Artist: None
I. TITLE OF MATERIAL: EXPRESSING RATIOS IN THEIR
SIMPLEST FORM

Simplifying a ratio makes it easier to work with, and the

simplifying process is fairly straightforward. In this lesson you will learn
how to express ratios in their simplest forms.

II. OBJECTIVE: Expresses ratios in their simplest form.

(M5NS-Iii-125)

III. VOCABULARY LIST

Lowest Term a ratio is said to be in lowest term if its terms are
relatively prime, that is, they have no common factors other than 1.
Reduce is to express in simplest form.
Factor is a whole number (or expression) that can evenly divide
into the term, leaving another whole number (or expression) as the
quotient.
A mathematical expression is a combination of symbols that can
be designate numbers (constant), variables, operations, symbols of
grouping and other punctuation.
GCF (Greatest Common Factor) is the largest number that is an
exact divisor of each of two numbers.
Prime factor is the factor of the given number which is a prime
number.
Prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only
factors are 1 and itself.

IV. PRE-TEST
Express the given ratios in simplest or lowest term.
1) 8 : 10 = _____

2) 2 : 18 = _____

3) 18 : 20 = _____

4) 25 : 30 = _____

5) 50 : 5 = ____

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V. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A simplified ratio can be taken as is, but if a ratio has not yet
been simplified, you should do so to make the quantities easier to
compare and understand. In order to simplify a ratio, you divide
both terms (both sides of the ratio) by the same number. This
process is equivalent to reducing a fraction.
Example 1:
Here’s one way on how to reduce ratio to lowest term.
Problem:
Kara and Mia went to the park to help clean up by picking
discarded bottles of softdrinks to be recycled. Kara picked 12
bottles while Mia got 8 bottles. What is the ratio of the number of
bottles gathered by Kara with the number of bottles gathered by
Mia in lowest term?
bottles gathered by Kara Identify the relationship.
bottles gathered by Mia
Express the two quantities in
fraction form.
*Note that neither number in this
example is a prime number.
𝟏𝟐 Since that is the case, you'll need
𝟖 to factor both numbers to
determine whether or not the two
terms have any identical factors
that can cancel each other in the
simplification process.
12 1, 2, 3 ,4 ,6,12 (factors of 12) Factor the first term.

8 1, 2, 4, 8 (factors of 8) Factor the second term.

Look at the factors for both
terms of the ratio. Circle, list, or
otherwise identify any factors
12 1, 2, 3, 4 ,6,12 that appear in both lists. If the
only shared factor is 1, then the
8 1, 2, 4, 8 ratio is already in its simplest
form, and no further work needs
Common factors: 2, 4 to be done. If the two terms of
the ratio have other shared
Greatest Common Factor factors, however, sort through
(GCF): 4 them and identify the highest
factor common to both lists.
This number is the greatest
common factor (GCF).
Since both terms of the original
𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟑
÷ = ratio contain the GCF, you can
𝟖 𝟒 𝟐 divide each term by that number

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 and come up with whole
numbers as a result. Both terms
must be divided by the GCF.
Consider the two other ways to
3:2 write a ratio. You’ll want to
3 is to 2 express your answer in a
particular format if required.
The ratio of the number of
bottles gathered by Kara with
3:2
the number of bottles gathered
by Mia in lowest term.

Example 2:
Problem:
Luisa invites group of her friends to their house for their barangay
fiesta. Including Luisa, there are 10 women and 12 men. Give the
lowest term of the given ratio in the problem.
number of women Identify the relationship.
number of men
Use the continuous division
2 10, 12 method to simplify the ratio.
5, 6 Divide the terms by its smallest
prime factors. Continue this
process until the number in the
bottom is a prime number. This
will also be the lowest term of
the given ratio.
The ratio of the number of
5:6 women to the number of men in
lowest term.

VI. PRACTICE TASKS

PRACTICE TASK 1
Check if the given ratios are expressed in the lowest terms.

_____1) 5 : 15 _____6)6 : 5
_____2) 9 : 20 _____7)3 : 9
_____3) 11 : 22 _____8) 7 : 14
_____4) 30 : 5 _____9) 9 : 27
_____5) 21 : 25 _____10)15 : 30

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 PRACTICE TASK 2
Reduce these ratios to lowest terms.

1) 10 : 12 = _______ _____6)35 : 40

2) 9 : 15 = _______ _____7)4 : 36

3) 18 : 24 = _______ _____8)10 : 45

4) 21 : 27 = _______ _____9)14 : 24

5) 40 : 50 = _______ _____10)45 : 50

PRACTICE TASK 3
Write the ratio of the first quantity to the second quantity and
reduce to simplest form.

1) 2 teachers to 46 pupils = ____________, _____________

2) 4 books to 10 pupils = ____________, _____________

3) 12 flowers to 4 vases = ____________, _____________

4) 21 garbage cans to 7classrooms = ____________, _____________

5) 8 glasses of juice to 16 sandwiches = ____________, _____________

6) 4 liters to 8 liters = ____________, _____________

7) 10 years to 12 years = ____________, _____________

8) 9 cups out of 36 cups = ____________, _____________

9) 18 apples to 9 apples = ____________, _____________

10) 15 tigers to 45 cats = ____________, _____________

VII. POST TEST

Reduce these ratios to lowest terms.
1) 4 : 10 = _____

2) 10 : 20 = _____
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 3) 6 : 9 = _____

4) 8 : 6 = _____

5) 7 : 14 = _____

VIII. ASSIGNMENT
Write these ratios in lowest term.

1) 5 : 15 = _____

2) 3 : 18 = _____

3) 6 : 15 = _____

4) 2 : 12 = _____

5) 12 : 15 = _____

IX. KEY TO CORRECTION:

PRE-TEST
1) 4:5
2) 1:9
3) 9:10
4) 5:6
5) 10:1

PRACTICE TASK 1
1) x 6) /
2) / 7) x
3) x 8) x
4) x 9) x
5) / 10) x

PRACTICE TASK 2
1) 5:6 6) 7:8

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 2) 3:5 7) 1:9
3) 3:4 8) 2:9
4) 7:9 9) 7:12
5) 4:5 10) 9:10

PRACTICE TASK 3
1) 2:46, 1:23 6) 4:8, 1:2
2) 4:10, 2:5 7) 10:12, 5:6
3) 12:4, 3:1 8) 9:36, 1:4
4) 21:7, 3:1 9) 18:9, 2:1
5) 8:16, 1:2 10) 15:45, 1:3

POST TEST
1) 2:5
2) 1:2
3) 2:3
4) 4:3
5) 1:2

ASSIGNMENT
1) 1:3
2) 1:6
3) 2:5
4) 1:6
5) 4:5

X. REFERENCES

DepEd Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics 5

Simplified Mathematics 5, page 198
Soaring 21st Century Mathematics 5, page 269