Sect. B4.] MEMBER PROPERTIES 16.

1-17
[CAP. B] REQUISITOS DE DISEÑO 65-16.1

TABLE B4.1a
TABLA B4.1b
Width-to-Thickness Ratios: Compression
Razones Ancho-Espesor: Elementos Elements
en Compresión.
Miembros sometidos a Flexión
Members Subject to Axial Compression
Razón Ancho-
Limiting
Razón Espesor Límite
Casos

Descripción Width-to- Width-to-Thickness

Case

Ancho λ Ejemplo
del Elementoof
Description Thickness
Espesor Ratio
(compacta / no  r
compacta
Element Ratio (nonslender/slender)
(esbelto / no esbelto) Examples
1 Flanges of rolled
Alas de perfiles
I-shaped sections,
laminados, planchas
plates projecting
conectadas a
from rolled I-shaped
perfiles laminados,
sections, outstanding
alas de pares de E
legs of pairs of angles b/t 0.56
ángulos conectados Fy
connected with con-
continuamente, alas
tinuous contact,
de canales y alas de
flanges
seccionesof channels,
T.
No-Atiesados

and flanges of tees

ElementosElements

2 Flanges of built-up
Alas de perfiles I
[a]
I-shaped
soldados sections
y planchas
and plates conec-
or angle b/t kc E
o ángulos 0.64
legs
tadosprojecting from
a secciones Fy
Unstiffened

built-up I-shaped
soldadas.
sections

3 Legs of single
Alas de perfiles án-
angles, legs of alas
gulo laminados;
double
de paresangles with
de ángulos
b/t E
separators, and all
con separadores y 0.45
other unstiffened Fy
todo tipo de elemen-
elements
tos no atiesados.

4 Stems of tees
Alma de Secciones T. E
d/t 0.75
Fy

5 Webs of doubly
Almas de secciones I
symmetric rolled and E
con doble simetría y h/tw 1.49
built-up I-shaped sec- Fy
secciones canal.
tions and channels

Paredes
6 Walls of de seccio-
nes HSS rectangu-
rectangular HSS E
b/t 1.40
Atiesados

lares y cajones de Fy
espesor uniforme
Elements

7 Flange
Alas decover
sobreplates
and diaphragm
planchas y planchas E
Elementos

plates between
diafragma entre lines b/t 1.40
Fy
of fasteners
líneas or welds
de conectores
Stiffened

o soldadura

8 All other stiffened

Todo elemento
elements b/t E
1.49
atiesador. Fy

9 Round HSS
D/t E
Tubos circulares. 0.11
Fy

[a] kc = 4 h / t w , but shall que

no menor not 0,35,
be taken lessque
ni mayor than 0.35
0,76 paranor greaterde
propósitos than 0.76 for calculation purposes.
cálculo.

Especificación paraStructural
Specification for Construcciones Julio7,7,2016
de Acero,July
Steel Buildings, 2016
American
AMERICAN Institute OF
INSTITUTE of S TEELConstruction
Steel CONSTRUCTION
16.1-18 MEMBER PROPERTIES [Sect. B4.
16.1-66 REQUISITOS DE DISEÑO [CAP. B]

TABLA B4.1b
TABLE B4.1b
Razones Ancho-Espesor: Elementos en Compresión.
Width-to-Thickness Ratios: Compression Elements
Miembros sometidos a Flexión
Members Subject to Flexure
Limiting
Razón Ancho - Espesor Límite
Razón Width-to-Thickness Ratio
Casos

Descripción
Case

Ancho
Width-to- λp λr
del Elemento Espesor (compacta Ejemplo
Description of Thickness (compact// (esbelto /
(noncompact/
Element Ratio no compacta
noncompact) no esbelto)
slender) Examples

10 Flanges of alas
Flexión en rolled
I-shaped
de perfilessections,
I lami- b/t E E
channels, and
nados, canales 0.38 1.0
tees Fy Fy
y tes.

11 Flanges of [a] [b]

Alas de seccio-
doubly and
nes I soldadas
Elementos No-Atiesados

singly symmetric b/t E k cE

0.95
Elements

con doble y 0.38

I-shaped built-up Fy FL
simple simetría.
sections

12 Legs of single
Unstiffened

Alas de ángulos E E
angles b/t 0.54 0.91
simples. Fy Fy

13 Flanges of all
Alas de toda b/t E E
I-shaped sections 0.38 1.0
doble t y canal Fy Fy
and channels in
en torno a su eje
flexure about the
más débil.
minor axis

14 Stems d/t E E
Almas of
detees
tes. 0.84 1.52
Fy Fy

(c) Para alas o planchas que actúan como diafragmas en secciones armadas, el ancho b
es laflange
(c) For distancia entre líneasplates
or diaphragm adyacentes de conectores
in built-up sections,o the
líneas de soldadura.
width, b, is the distance
(d) between
Para alasadjacent
de secciones
linestubulares rectangulares
of fasteners or lines of(HSS),
welds.el ancho b es la distancia libre
entre
(d) For almas of
flanges menos las esquinas
rectangular redondeadas
hollow structuralde cada lado.
sections Parathe
(HSS), almas de secciones
width, b, is the
HSS rectangulares, h es la luz libre entre las alas las esquinas redondeadas a cada lado.
clear distance between webs less the inside corner radius on each side. For webs
Cuando la esquina redondeada no se conoce, b y h se tomarán como la dimensión
ofexterior
rectangular HSS, h is the
correspondiente menosclear distance
tres veces elbetween
espesor.the flanges t,less
El espesor, the
será el inside
espesorcor-de
ner radius on each side. If the corner
diseño, de acuerdo con la Sección B3.12. radius is not known, b and h shall be taken
as the corresponding outside dimension minus three times the thickness. The
(e) thickness,
Para planchas de cubierta
t, shall be takenperforadas, b es la
as the design distancia
wall transversal
thickness, entre las
per Section líneas más
B4.2.
cercanas de conectores, y el área neta de la plancha es considerada con el agujero
másflanges
(e) For ancho. or webs of box sections and other stiffened elements, the width, b, is
the clear distance between the elements providing stiffening.
(f) For perforated cover plates, b is the transverse distance between the nearest line
of fasteners, and the net area of the plate is taken at the widest hole.

Especificación
Specification para Construcciones
for Structural Julio7,7,2016
de Acero,July
Steel Buildings, 2016
American
AMERICAN Institute OF
INSTITUTE of S TEELConstruction
Steel CONSTRUCTION
 Sect.B4.]
Sect. B4.] MEMBERPROPERTIES
MEMBER PROPERTIES 16.1-19
16.1-19
[CAP. B] REQUISITOS DE DISEÑO 67-16.1

TABLEB4.1b
TABLA
TABLE B4.1b
B4.1b (continued)
(continuación)
(continued)
Razones Ancho-Espesor:
Width-to-ThicknessRatios:
Width-to-Thickness Elementos en Compresión.
Ratios:Compression
Compression Elements
Elements
Miembros sometidos
MembersSubject
Members Subjectto a Flexión
toFlexure
Flexure
Limiting
Limiting
Razón Ancho - Espesor Límite
Width-to-Thickness Ratio
Width-to-
Razón
Width-to- Width-to-Thickness Ratio
Casos
Case

Descripción
Case

Thick-
Ancho
Thick- λpp λrr
del Elemento Ejemplo
Description ofof
Description ness
Espesor
ness (compact/
(compacta
(compact/ / (noncompact/
(esbelto /
(noncompact/
Element
Element Ratio
Ratio nononcompact)
compacta
noncompact) no slender)
esbelto)
slender) Examples
Examples

1515 Webs
Webs ofdoubly
Almas of
doubly
de doble
symmetric I- h/t EE EE
symmetric
T simétricasI-y h/tww 3.376
.76 5.570
.70
shaped sections
shaped
canales.sections
FyFy FyFy
andchannels
and channels

hchc EE [c]
[c]
Websofofsingly
1616 Webs singly
symmetric
symmetric hphp FyFy
Almas de seccio- E
I-shaped
I-shaped
nes doble T con hch/tc w/tw ⎛ ⎛0.54MM
2 2 .70 E
⎞ ⎞ 5.570
p p − 0.09
sections
sections
un solo eje de ⎜0⎜⎝.54 MM y− 0.09⎟ ⎟⎠ FyFy
⎝ y ⎠
simetría.
≤ ≤λrλr

1717 Flanges
Flangesofof
Alas de secciones
rectangular
rectangular
tubulares HSS
HSS
y sec- b/tb/t EE EE
1.112
.12 1.140
.40
ciones cajón de FyFy FyFy
Atiesados
Stiffened Elements

espesor uniforme.
Elements

1818 Flange
Flange
Alas cover
de cover
sobre
platesand
planchas
plates and
y plan- b/tb/t EE EE
1.112
.12 1.140
.40
Elementos

diaphragm
chas diafragma
diaphragm plates
plates FyFy FyFy
Stiffened

between
entre
betweenlíneaslines
de ofof
lines
fastenersoror
conectores
fasteners y
welds
soldadura.
welds

1919 Webs
Webs of
Almas of
de tubos h/t
h/t EE EE
rectangular
rectangular
rectangulares y 2.242
.42 5.570
.70
HSSand
HSS and box FyFy FyFy
seccionesbox
cajón.
sections
sections
D/t
D/t
2020 Round
RoundHSSHSS
Tubos circulares.
E EE
.07E
0.007 0.031
.31
FyFy FyFy

Flanges
2121 Flanges ofofbox
box
Alas de sección b/tb/t EE E
sections
sections
cajón. 1.112
.12 .49 E
1.149
FyFy F
Fy y

(a)
kkc
[a][a] kc =
=44h h/ t/wt w, ,shall
no menor
, shall que
notbebe 0,35,
taken ni than
less mayor quenor
than0.35
0.35 0,76 para propósitos
norgreater
greater than0.76 de
0.76for cálculo.
forcalculation
calculationpurposes.
purposes.
c= not taken less than
(b)[b] F = 0.7F for slender web I-shaped members and major-axis bending of compact and noncompact web built-
[b] FL = 0.7F para secciones doble te esbeltas de alma, y para secciones fabricadas de alma compacta y no
FL = L 0.7Fy for
yy slender web I-shaped members and major-axis bending of compact and noncompact web built-
upI-shaped
I-shaped
compacta con members
flexión en with
el eje Sfuerte
Sxt /S/xc ≥0.7;
Sxc≥con 0.7;/SLFxcL=≥=F0.7;
SxtF Fyxt
yS
SFL S ≥ /S
/S/=
xcxcF≥yS0.5
0.5yF≥yforformajor-axis
0.5F major-axis
para miembros bending ofofcompact
compact
fabricados de andand
up members with xt F bending
xt xt
xc y
noncompact
noncompact
sección doble web
web built-up
built-up
te de I-shapedmembers
I-shaped
alma compacta y members
no compacta withS
with conS /SS/xc
xt xt
S/Sxc< <0.7,
0.7,where
<0.7, where
donde Sxc
Sxc
S , ,,SSxt = =modulo
Sxt= elasticsection
elastic sectionmodulus
elástico modulus
de la
xt xc 3 3 xc xt
referred tocompression
referred compressionand andtension
tensionflanges,
flanges,respectively,
respectively,in.in. 3 (mm 3 ).
secciónto referido a las alas en compresión y en tracción, respectivamente, (mm ).
[c] M is the moment at yielding of the extreme fiber. M = F Z , plastic bending moment, kip-in. (N-mm), where
mm3 (in3).
(c) My is
[c] y the moment at yielding of the extreme fiber. Mp p= Fy Zyx, xplastic bending moment, kip-in. (N-mm), where
My es el
Zx =plastic momento
plastic en fluencia
sectionmodulus
modulustaken de la fibra
takenabout extrema, Mp
x-axis,in.in.
aboutx-axis, 3 =
(mm FyZx,
3
3 ).
momento en flexión plástico, N-mm (kip-in),
x=
3
Zdonde section
Zx = modulo plástico de la= sección tomado
(mm
sobre
).
el eje x, mmENA 3
(in3). elastic neutral axis
EE= =modulusmodulus ofofelasticity
elasticityofofsteel
steel 29,000ksi
= 29,000 ksi (200000
(200 000MPa)MPa) ENA = =elastic neutral axis
FEyF= módulo
=y =specified
specifiedelástico
minimum
minimum delyield
acero =
yieldstress,(200000
stress, MPa (29000 ksi)
ksi(MPa)
ksi (MPa) ENA
PNA==
PNA eje
=plastic
plasticneutro elástico
neutral
neutral axis
axis
Fy = tensión mínima de fluencia especificada, MPa (ksi) PNA = eje neutro plástico

Especificación para
Specificationfor
Specification Construcciones
forStructural
Structural de
SteelBuildings,
Steel Buildings,Julio
July7,7,
Acero,July 2016
7,2016
2016
AA American
MERICAN
MERICAN IINSTITUTE
nstitute OF
INSTITUTE SSteel
ofOF TEELConstruction
STEEL CC ONSTRUCTION
ONSTRUCTION
 16.1-30 PIN-CONNECTED MEMBERS [Sect. D5.
16.1-78 DISEÑO DE MIEMBROS EN TRACCIÓN [CAP. D]
1 AISC_PART 16_A_Spec. A-D (1-32)_15th_Ed._2016 2016-12-20 4:18 PM Page 30 (Black plate)

TABLE D3.1
TABLA D3.1
16.1-30
ShearFactor
Lag Factors for Connections
de Corte Diferido
PIN-CONNECTED MEMBERS
para
[Sect. D5.
Conexiones de Miembros
to Tension Members en Tracción
Case
Caso Descriptiondel
Descripción of Elemento
Element Shear
Factor deLag Diferido,UU
CorteFactor, Example
Ejemplo
1 Todos
All los miembros
tension members en tracción
where the
TABLE D3.1
donde la cargaload
tension es transmitida
is trans-
mitted Shear Lag Factors for Connections
directamente a cada
directly uno de
to each of los
theelementos U = 1.0
de la sección
cross-sectional por
elements –
by fasteners or welds (except as in Cases 4, 55 and
conectores o soldaduras (excepto en los Casos 3, 4, y 6) 6).
2 All tension
Todos members,en
los miembros
toHSS,
except
Tension
tracción, wheretubos,
excepto the
Members x
Case tension
donde la load
cargais transmitted
Description to some
of Element
es transmitida por sólo not all ofShear Lag Factor, U
butalgunos Example x
the cross-sectional
de los elementos deelementsla sección bypor
fasteners
1 All tension members where the tension load is trans-
or byo
conectores
longitudinal
mitted directly towelds
soldaduras in the
combination
Alternativamente,
each of withelements
el Caso
cross-sectional 7transverse
es permi- U = 1.0 x –
U =1 −
welds.
bytido Alternatively,
para
fasteners perfiles
or welds W, Case
M, Sas
(except y7HP
inisCases
permitted for6).
(Para4,ángulos,
5 and W,se l
2 AllM, S andelmembers,
permite
tension HP
usoshapes.
del Caso (For
except angles,
8.HSS, whereCase
the 8 is x
permitted
tension loadtois be used.) to some but not all of
transmitted x
the cross-sectional elements by fasteners or by xx
longitudinal welds in combination with transverse x
U =1 −
3 welds.
All Alternatively,
tension
Todos members
los miembros Case 7tracción
is permitted
where
en for W,
the tension
donde laload is
carga U =l 1.0 and
y
M,esS transmitida
and HP shapes.
transmitted onlypor (For angles, transversales
bysoldaduras
transverse Case
welds8 to
is some but
a sólo An = área
areade
oflos
theelementos
directly –
permitted
not to be used.)
all of elementos
algunos the cross-sectional elements.
de la sección. conectadoselements
connected directamente x
x
4[a] Plates,
Planchas, angles, channels
ángulos, canaleswithconwelds at heels,entees,
soldaduras
and W-shapes withwhere
connected te elements, where U = 1.0 and

( )
3 bordes
All tension extremos,
members secciones y doble
the tension loadteis con ele-
the tension
transmitted
mentos load
only by is
adosados, transmitted
transverse
donde lawelds bytolongitudinal
tensión some but
es transmitidaAn = area of the3l 2
directly x – Placa o
welds
not only.
all of See Caselongitudinales.
thesoldaduras 2 for
cross-sectional definitionVer
elements. –
of Caso
x. 2 U = elements 1 − l
connected Elemento
solo por 2
3l + w 2 conectado
para la
4[a] Plates, definición
angles, de x.with welds at heels, tees,
channels
and W-shapes with connected elements, where

5
the tension load is transmitted by longitudinal
welds only. See Case 2 for definition of x–.
Round HSS with con
Tubos redondos a single
sólo concentric
una placa gusset con-
U=
2
3l 2 x
1− l
w 21.3D, U = 1.0
3l +l ≥
( )
gusset plate
céntrica, conthrough
soldadurasslotsdeinranura
the HSS.
al tubo. x
D ≤ l < 1.3D, U = 1 −
l
D
5 Round HSS with a single concentric l ≥ 1.3D, U =x1.0
=
π
gusset plate through slots in the HSS. x
6 Rectangular HSS. with
Tubo Rectangular a single
con sólo placa gusset D ≤ l < 1.3D, U = 1 − l
una concentric x
l ≥DH, U = 1 −
gusset plate
concéntrica x = l
π 2
B + 2BH
6 Rectangular HSS. with a single concentric x= x
l ≥ H, U = 1 −4(B + H )
gusset plate l
with two placas
con dos side gusset plates
gusset con- 2
B + 2BH x
x= l ≥ H, U = 1 −
céntricas 4(B + H ) l
with two side gusset plates xB
2
l ≥ H, U x= =
1−
l +H)
4(B
B2
7 Perfiles
W-, M-,W,S-M,orSHP- o HP, with
con ala conectada
flange con 3 with
connected x =b ≥ 2 d, U = 0.90
f B +H)
4(
o T cortadas
shapes, a partir
or tees o más or
cut three conectores por línea per
more fasteners 3
2 –
7 W-,de
from estos perfiles
M-,these HP- withline
S- or shapes. en la
flangedirección
in the de carga
direction
connected of loadingbf ≥ bd, <U 2
with = 0.90
d, U = 0.85
(Si
shapes,U es calculado 3 f
(If U is orcalculated
tees cut three or more fasteners per 3 –
según
from Caso
these 2,
shapes.se line in the direction of loading 2
per Case 2, the con alma b < d, U = 0.85
utilizariselper- with
U is calculated
(Ifpermite webconectada
connected conwith
4 o four f
3
larger value más
or moreconectores en laper
fasteners dirección
line in U = 0.70 –
per Casevalor)
mayor 2, the withdeweb connected with four
mitted to be used.) thecarga
direction
larger value is per- or more fastenersof perloading
line in U = 0.70 –
mitted to be
Ángulos used.) the con
simples 4four
directiono más
of conectores por línea
8 Single and double with or loading
more fasteners per U = 0.80 –
8 (Si U and
angles.
Single es calculado enfour
double withline laindirección
orthe de carga
direction
more fastenersof per
loading U = 0.80 –
(Ifsegún
U isCaso
angles. 2, se line in the direction of loading
calculated with
con 2three fastenerspor
o 3 conectores perlínea
lineenin
permite
U isCase
(Ifper utilizar
calculated el
2, the withthe
lathree fasteners
direction
dirección de of per line inmenos
loading
carga (con (with
per mayor
Case valor)
larger value 2, the the fewer
direction of loading (with –
larger value to fewer de tresthan three por
conectores fasteners
línea enper la U = 0.60 –
is permitted than three U = 0.60
is permitted to line in the
dirección lafasteners
dedirection ofper
carga, usar loading,
Caso 2)
be used.) line in the direction of loading,
use Case 2)
be used.) use Case 2)
B ==
B = overall
ancho total
overall width
width
del oftubo rectangular,HSS
rectangular
of rectangular
medido
HSS member,
90º respecto
member, measured
measured
al plano90°de conexión, cm (mm);
to theofplane
90° to the plane the connection,
= diámetro exterior
of theDconnection,
in. (mm); Din. (mm);
= outside = outside
de laDseción
diameter
cilíndrica, cm
of diameter of
(mm); H
round
round = altura
HSS,
HSS, total
in.in.(mm); del
(mm); H tubo = rectangular,
=H overalloverallheight medido
height of en el plano
rectangular
of rectangular HSSdemember,
conexión,
HSS cm (mm);
member,
measured d=altura
measured
in de
in la
the plane ofsección,
the plane
the cm
of (mm); para secciones
the connection,
connection, in. (mm); in.T,(mm);
d
—
d=altura
= de
depth la
of sección
section, desde
in. la
(mm); cual la
for T fue
tees, cortada,
d = cm
depth (mm);
of the l = longitud
section de
from conexión,
which cm
the (mm);
tee was w
d = depth of section, in. (mm); for tees, d = depth of the section from which the tee was cut, in. (mm); l = length of connection, =
cut,ancho
in. plancha,
(mm); l = cm (mm);
length of x = excentri-
connection,
–
cidad
in.
in. de conexión,
(mm);
(mm); ww= =width
width cm
of of(mm).
plate,
plate, in. (mm);
in. (mm); x– = eccentricity
x = eccentricity of connection,
of connection, in. (mm).in. (mm).
l1l ++l 2l 2
ll == 1 , ,where
,donde yl1l2 and
l1l1 and nol 2 deben ser menorbea than
4less
veces la dimensión dela soldadura.
[a]
[a]
where shall not
l 2 shall be
notless 4than
times 4 the
timesweld size.
the weld size.
22
Specification for Structural
Specification Steel Buildings,
for Structural July 7, 2016
Steel Buildings, July 7, 2016
Especificación
AMERICAN para Construcciones
INSTITUTE de Acero, Julio 7, 2016
OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
American Institute of Steel Construction