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03 Worksheet 1A

I. Brief Overview

a. What is the Cavite Mutiny?

The Cavite Mutiny occurred in Philippine history.

- On January 20, 1872, military personnel threatened to revolt against the regime in Cavite, Philippines. It
involves 200 soldiers and workers who attempt but fail to overthrow the regime, and the majority of them
are executed. It was simply a mutiny by Filipino soldiers and laborers in response to their discontent with
General Izquierdo's harsh policies.

b. What are the general events that led to the martyrdom of the GomBurZa?

First event:

On February 15, 1872, in Bagumbayan, Philippines, Spanish colonial authorities sentenced three martyr
priests, Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora, to death by garrote, accusing them of
rebellion, perjury, and manipulation. They were given the death penalty and executed two days later.

Second event:

- During the Cavite mutiny, the Friars took advantage of the opportunity to address other issues.
According to their clergy, the GomBurZa were the masterminds of the revolution, so they were
sentenced to death.

Last event:

- The GomBurZa was sentenced to death by garotte, and the deaths of the three priests reawakened
Filipinos' desire for changes in governance because they saw how unjust the Spaniards' governance was.
Three priests' martyrdom aided in the formation of the Propaganda Movement, which demanded
changes and new governance for the people.

II. People Involved

a. Who was Fernando La Madrid?

Ferdinand La Madrid was a mestizo sergeant who led the mutiny after Spanish authorities subjected his
Engineering and Artillery Corps colleagues to personal taxes from which they had previously been
exempted. The taxes required them to pay a monetary sum as well as perform "polo y servicio," or
forced labor.

b. Who was Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera?

Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera was a Spanish and Portuguese-born Filipino physician, historian, and
politician. T. Trinidad is another name for Trinidad. H. Pardo de Tavera was well-known for his writings
on various aspects of Philippine culture.

c. Who was Jose Montero y Vidal?

- Jose Montero y Vidal is a Spanish historian who believes the Mutiny was an attempt to depose and
destabilize the Spanish colonizers in the Philippines. His account was corroborated by Governor-General
Rafael Izquidero y Gutierrez, the governor-general of the Philippine Islands during the Mutiny.

d. Who was Carlos Maria de la Torre y Navacerrada?

Carlos Mara de la Torre y Navacerrada was a Spanish soldier and politician who lived from 1809 to 1879.
He was the most beloved of the Spanish Governors-General ever assigned to the Philippines, serving as
Governor-General from 1869 to 1871.

e. Who was Rafael Geronimo Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutierrez?

Rafael Geronimo Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutierrez was a politician and statesman from Spain. From April
4, 1871 to January 8, 1873, he was Governor-General of the Philippines. He was famous for his use of
"Iron Fist" government, in contrast to his predecessor, Carlos Mara de la Torre y Navacerrada's liberal
government. During the 1872 Cavite mutiny, he was the Governor-General, and 41 of the mutineers,
including the GomBurZa martyrs, were executed. From March to April 1862, Izquierdo also served as
Governor-General of Puerto Rico.

f. Who was Fr. Mariano Gomez?

-Mariano Gómes de los ngeles, also known as Mariano Gómez de los ngeles, was a Filipino Catholic
priest who was falsely accused of mutiny by Spanish colonial authorities in the Philippines in the
nineteenth century.

g. Who was Fr. Jose Burgos?

- José Apolonio Burgos y Garca was a Filipino Catholic priest who was charged with mutiny by Spanish
colonial authorities in the Philippines in the nineteenth century. He was tried and executed in Manila
alongside two other priests, Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora, known as the GomBurZa.

h. Who was Fr. Jacinto Zamora?

- Jacinto Zamora y del Rosario was a Filipino Catholic priest who was a member of the GomBurZa, a
group of three priests falsely accused of mutiny by Spanish colonial authorities in the Philippines in the
nineteenth century.

i. Who was Francisco Zaldua?

- Francisco Zaldua had gone to the Cavite shipyard to persuade the workers to join an uprising led by Fr.
Burgos and several prominent Manila lawyers Carlos M., Governor De la Torre, a liberal in theory but a
conservative in practice, had singled out Fr. Burgos, the moderator of a liberal reform student group. He
censored the latter's writings in response to the friars' diatribes against native-born priests, and
suspected him of planning and financing a future uprising.

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