Filipino Bilang Wika ng Bayan

at/ng Pananaliksik
Minsan ay binanggit ni Manuel
L. Quezon sa Pagdiriwang ng
Buwan ng Wika ang
mga katagang, “Hindi ko nais
ang Kastila o Ingles ang maging
wika ng pamahalaan.
Kailangang magkaroon ng
sariling wika ang Pilipinas,
isang wika na nakabatay sa isa
sa mga katutubong wika.”
Ang wika ay mabisang
kasangkapan sa pagpapahayag
ng damdamin at opinyon
gayundin sa pagtanggap at
pagbibigay ng impormasyon.
Ang wikang sinasaliti
I. SOURCES USED BY THE PHILIPPINES AND
CHINA IN THEIR RESPECTIVVE CLAIMS OVER
THE SCARBOROUGH SHOAL PHILIPPINE’S
CLAIMS TO SOVEREIGNTY OVER
SCARBOROUGH SHOAL.

The features which make up Scarborough Shoal were never

inside the so-called Treaty Box established in the Treaty of Paris,
so the Philippine claim to sovereignty is predicated on other
facts. The official position of the Philippines is set forth in that
country’s official gazette in a statement made on April 18,2012.
It is quite comprehensive and reprinted verbatim to aid analysis.
The basis of Philippine sovereignty and jurisdiction over the rock
features of Bajo de Masinloc is not premised on the cession by
Spain of the Philippine archipelago to the United States under the
Treaty of Paris. The matter that the rock features pf Bajo de
Masinloc are not included, or within the limits of the Treaty of
Paris as alleged by China, is therefore immaterial and of no
consequence.

Philippine sovereignty and jurisdiction over the rocks of

Bajo de Masinloc is, likewise, not premised on proximity or the
fact that the rocks are within its 200-nm EEZ or CS under the UN
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Although the
Philippines necessarily exercise sovereign rights over its EEZ
and CS, nonetheless, the reason why the rock features of Bajo de
Masinloc are Philippine territories is anchored on other principles
of public international law. As decided in a number of cases by
international courts or tribunals, most notably the Palmas Island
Case, a modality for acquiring territorial ownership over a piece
of real estate is effective exercise of jurisdiction. Indeed, in that
particular case sovereignty over the Palmas Island was adjudged
in favor of the Netherlands on the basis of “effective exercise od
jurisdiction,” although the said island may have been historically
discovered by Spain and historically ceded to the U.S. in the
Treaty of Paris. In the case of Bajo de Masinloc, the Philippines
have exercised both effective occupation and effective
jurisdiction over Bajo de Masinloc since its independence. The
name Bajo de Masinloc (translated as “under Masinloc) itself
identifies the shoal as a particular political subdivision of the
Philippine province of Zambales, known as Masinloc. One of the
earliest known and most accurate maps of the area, name Carta
Hydrographical y Chorographica De Las Ysias Filipinas by Fr.
Pedro Murillo Velarde, SJ, and published in 1734, included Bajo
de Masinloc part of Zambales. The name Bajo de Masinloc was a
name given to the shoal by the Spanish colonizers. In 1792,
another map drawn by the Alejandro Malaspina expedition and
published in 1808 in Madrid,Spain, also showed Bajo de
Masinloc as part of Philippine colonizers.In 1792, another map
drawn by the Alejandro Malaspina expedition and published in
1808 in Madrid,Spain, also showed Bajo de Masinloc as part of
Philippine territory. The map showed the route of the Malaspina
expedition to and around the shoal. It was reproduced in the
Atlas of the 1939 Philippine Census.

 A Hydrographical and Chorographical Chart of the

Philippine Islands. (2018Retrievedfromhttps://www.wdl.org/en/item/10089/