University of Guyana

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Department of Geology and Petroleum

PEG4101 – Drilling and Well Completions I

Assignment#1
Lecturer: Dr. Indar Narace

Name: Harvey Stoll

USI: 1033784
Date of Submission: 10th October 2022
 UNIVERSITY OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

BASc. in Petroleum Engineering

DRLG3001 – Drilling and W ell Completions 1

Assignment 1

QUESTION 1

A rig must hoist a load of 200,000 lbf. The drawworks can provide a maximum input power of 800 hp.
Ten lines are strung between the crown block and the travelling block and the dead line is anchored to a
derrick leg on one side of the V-door.

Calculate:

a. The static tension in the fast line when the upward motion is
impending.
𝑾
• 𝑭𝒇 = 𝑬∗𝒏

• 𝑾 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇

• 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎

According to Table 1.2, the power efficiency for n = 10 lines, is E = 0.810.

200000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
∴ 𝐹𝑓 =
0.810 ∗ 10
200000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝐹𝑓 =
8.1
𝑭𝒇 = 𝟐𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟏. 𝟒 𝒍𝒃𝒇

Hence, the static tension is 24691.4 𝑙𝑏𝑓

b. The maximum hook horsepower available.

• 𝑷𝒉 = 𝑬 ∗ 𝑷𝒊

• 𝑷𝒊 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝒉𝒑

∴ 𝑃ℎ = 0.810 ∗ 800 ℎ𝑝
𝑃ℎ = 648 ℎ𝑝

Hence, the maximum hook horsepower available is 648 hp.

 c. The maximum hoisting speed.

• 𝑷𝒉 = 𝑾𝒃 ∗ 𝑽𝒃

• 𝑾𝒃 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇

• 1 hp = 33,000 ft-lb/min
• 𝑷𝒉 = 𝟔𝟒𝟖 𝒉𝒑

𝑃ℎ
∴ 𝑉𝐵 =
𝑊𝑏
648 ℎ𝑝 ∗ 33,000 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏/𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝐵 =
200,000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
21384000 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏/𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝐵 =
200000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑽𝑩 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔. 𝟗 𝒇𝒕/𝒎𝒊𝒏

Hence, the maximum hoisting speed is 106.9 ft/min.

d. The derrick load when upward motion is impending.

𝟏+𝑬+𝑬∗𝒏
• 𝑭𝒅 = ( 𝑬∗𝒏
)∗𝑾

• 𝑬 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟏𝟎
• 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎
• 𝑾 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇

1 + 0.810 + 0.810 ∗ 10
∴ 𝐹𝑑 = ( ) ∗ 200000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
0.810 ∗ 10
𝐹𝑑 = (1.223) ∗ 200000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑭𝒅 = 𝟐𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟏. 𝟒 𝒍𝒃𝒇

Hence, the derrick load is 244691.4 lbf.

e. The derrick efficiency factor

𝑭
• 𝑬𝒅 = 𝑭 𝒅
𝒅𝒆

• 𝑭𝒅 = 𝟐𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟏. 𝟒 𝒍𝒃𝒇

𝒏+𝟒
• 𝑭𝒅𝒆 = ( 𝒏
)∗𝑾
𝟏𝟎+𝟒
• 𝑭𝒅𝒆 = ( 𝟏𝟎 ) ∗ 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇
• 𝑭𝒅𝒆 = (𝟏. 𝟒) ∗ 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇
• 𝑭𝒅𝒆 = 𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃𝒇

244691.4 𝑙𝑏𝑓
∴ 𝐸𝑑 =
280000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
 𝑬𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟒 or 87.4%

Hence, the derrick efficiency factor is 87.4%.

(10
marks)

QUESTION 2

A driller is pulling on a stuck drillstring. The derrick is capable of supporting a maximum equivalent
derrick load of 500,000 lbf, the drilling line has a strength of 51,200 lbf, and the strength of the drillpipe
in tension is 396,000 lbf. If eight lines are strung between the crown block and travelling block and safety
factors of 2.0 are required for the derrick, drillpipe, and drilling line, how hard can the driller pull trying
to free the stuck pipe? (4 marks)

From the maximum equivalent derrick load:

4
𝐹𝑑𝑒 = (𝑛 + ) ∗ 𝑊
𝑛

𝐹𝑑𝑒 = 500000 𝑙𝑏𝑓

𝑛=8
Safety Factor (Fs) = 2.0

500000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
∴𝑊 =8∗
12
500000 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑊 =8∗
12
𝑊 = 333333.33 𝑙𝑏𝑓

From 𝑊 = 333333.33 𝑙𝑏𝑓; the derrick can pull:

𝑊
𝑊𝑎 =
𝐹𝑠
333333.33 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑊𝑎 =
2.0
𝑾𝒂 = 𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒍𝒃𝒇

Hence, the allowable load the driller can pull is 𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒍𝒃𝒇.

QUESTION 3

Consider a triplex pump having 6-in. liners and 11-in. strokes operating at 120 cycles/min and a discharge
pressure of 3,000 psig.

Calculate:

a. The pump factor in units of gal/cycle at 100% efficiency

 𝟑𝝅
• 𝑭𝒑 = 𝟒
∗ 𝑳𝒔 ∗ 𝑬𝒗 ∗ 𝒅𝟐𝒍

• 𝑳𝒔 = 𝟏𝟏 𝒊𝒏./stroke
• 𝑬𝒗 = 𝟏
• 𝒅𝒍 = 𝟔 𝒊𝒏.
• 𝟐𝟑𝟏 𝒊𝒏𝟑 = 𝟏 𝑼𝑺 𝒈𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒏
• Since it is a single acting pump, 1 stroke = 1 cycle

3𝜋
∴ 𝐹𝑝 = ∗ 11 𝑖𝑛./𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 ∗ 1 ∗ (6 𝑖𝑛)2
4
𝑖𝑛3 1 𝑔𝑎𝑙 1 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒
𝐹𝑝 = 933.053 ∗ ∗
𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 231 𝑖𝑛3 1 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
𝑭𝒑 = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟒 𝒈𝒂𝒍/𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆

Hence, the pump factor in units of gal/cycle at 100% efficiency is 4.04 𝑔𝑎𝑙/𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒.

b. The flow rate in gal/min

• 𝒒 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔/𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝒈𝒂𝒍
• 𝑭𝒑 = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟒
𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆

𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑔𝑎𝑙
∴ 𝑞 = 120 ∗ 4.04
𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
𝒈𝒂𝒍
𝒒 = 𝟒𝟖𝟒. 𝟖
𝒎𝒊𝒏

Hence, the flow rate in gal/min is 484.7.

c. The energy expended by each piston during each cycle and the pump power developed
(6 marks)
• Number of pistons = 3 5.1

• 𝒒 = 𝟒𝟖𝟒. 𝟖 𝒈𝒂𝒍/𝒎𝒊𝒏
• 𝒑 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒑𝒔𝒊𝒈
5.2

∆𝒑𝒒 3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑔 ∗ 484.8 𝑔𝑎𝑙/𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑷𝒉 = = = 𝟖𝟒𝟖. 𝟓 𝒉𝒑
𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟒 1714

5.3
QUESTION 4

The mud logger places a sample of calcium carbide in the drillstring when aconnection is made. The
calcium carbide reacts with the mud to form aetylene gas. The actylene gas is detected by a gas detector at
the shale shaker after pumping 4,500 strokes. The drillstring is composed of 9,500 ft of 5-in,, 19.5#
drillpipe and 500 ft of drill collars having an ID of 2.875 in. The pump is a double-acting duplex pump
with 6-in. liners, 2-in. rods, and 14-in. strokes and operates at a volumetric efficiency of 80%.

a. Estimate the number of pump cycles required to move the gas from the surface to the bit.

𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
• 𝑵 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝑭𝒑
• 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 = (𝑨𝒑 ∗ 𝑳𝒑 ) + (𝑨𝒅𝒄 ∗ 𝑳𝒅𝒄 )
• 𝑳𝒑 = 𝟗𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒇𝒕
• 𝑳𝒅𝒄 = 𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒇𝒕
• 𝒅𝟐𝒑 = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟕𝟔 𝒊𝒏.
• 𝒅𝟐𝒅𝒄 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟕𝟒 𝒊𝒏.

For the total capacity:

𝑑𝑝2
𝐴𝑝 =
1029.4
4.2762
𝐴𝑝 =
1029.4
𝑨𝒑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟕𝟕𝟔 𝒃𝒃𝒍/𝒇𝒕

2
𝑑𝑑𝑐
𝐴𝑑𝑐 =
1029.4
2.8742
𝐴𝑑𝑐 =
1029.4
𝑨𝒅𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟎𝟑 𝒃𝒃𝒍/𝒇𝒕

𝑏𝑏𝑙
∴ 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = (0.01776 ∗ 9500𝑓𝑡) + (0.00803 𝑏𝑏𝑙/𝑓𝑡 ∗ 500 𝑓𝑡)
𝑓𝑡
6.1
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝟏𝟔𝟗. 𝟏𝟐 𝒃𝒃𝒍

For the pump factor of double-acting duplex pump:

𝝅
𝑭𝒑 = ∗ 𝑳𝒔 ∗ 𝑬𝒗 ∗ (𝟐𝒅𝟐𝒍 − 𝒅𝟐𝒓 )
𝟐

• 𝑳𝒔 = 𝟏𝟒 𝒊𝒏./stroke
• 𝑬𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟖
• 𝒅𝒍 = 𝟔 𝒊𝒏.
• 𝒅𝒓 = 𝟐 𝒊𝒏.
• 𝟐𝟑𝟏 𝒊𝒏𝟑 = 𝟏 𝑼𝑺 𝒈𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒏
• 1 bbl = 42 US gallon
 𝝅 𝒊𝒏
∴ 𝐹𝑝 = ∗ 𝟏𝟒 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟖 ∗ (𝟐 ∗ (𝟔 𝒊𝒏. )𝟐 − (𝟐 𝒊𝒏. )𝟐 )
𝟐 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒌𝒆
𝑖𝑛3 1 𝑔𝑎𝑙 1 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝐹𝑝 =1196.32 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒 ∗ 231 𝑖𝑛3 ∗ 42 𝑔𝑎𝑙
𝑭𝒑 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟔 𝒃𝒃𝒍/𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒌𝒆

Finally, the number of cycles:

169.12 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑁 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 =
0.123306 𝑏𝑏𝑙/𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒
𝑵 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟐 𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔 7.1
7.2

Hence, the number of cycles is 1372 cycles.

b. Estimate the number of pump cycles required to move the gas from the bit to the shale shaker.

N of cycles = Total cycles at shale shaker – Number of cycles from surface to bit
N of cycles = 4500 cycles – 1372 cycles
N of cycles = 4500 cycles – 1372 cycles
N of cycles = 3128 cycles 7.4 7.3

Hence, the number of cycles needed is 3128 cycles.

c. If the penetration rate of the bit is 20 ft/hr and the pump speed is 60 cycles/min., how many feet
are drilled by the bit before formation gas expelled from the rock destroyed by the bit travels
from the bit to the surface?
(6 marks)

𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔
• 𝒑𝒖𝒎𝒑 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅 = 𝟔𝟎
𝒎𝒊𝒏
1𝑚𝑖𝑛
∴ 𝑡 𝑜𝑓 3128 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 3128 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 ∗
60 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝟓𝟐. 𝟏 𝒎𝒊𝒏

𝒇𝒕
• 𝑹𝑶𝑷𝒃𝒊𝒕 = 𝟐𝟎 𝒉𝒓

𝒇𝒕 𝟏𝒉𝒓
∴ 𝑫𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅 = 𝟐𝟎 ∗ ∗ 𝟓𝟐. 𝟏 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝒉𝒓 𝟔𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑫𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅 = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟒 𝒇𝒕

Hence, 17.4 ft will be drilled.

QUESTION 5

A filtrate volume of 5 cm3 is collected in 10 min. in a filter press having an area of 90 cm2. A spurt
loss of 0.5 cm3 was observed, Calculate the API water loss. (4 marks)

𝑽 @ 𝟏𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏. = 𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟑
𝑽𝒔𝒑 = 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟑
∴ 𝑽𝟏 = 𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟑 − 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 𝟒. 𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟑
𝒕𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝒕𝟐 = 𝟑𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑽𝟑𝟎 = 𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 @ 𝟑𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏

𝒕𝟐
𝑽𝟑𝟎 = 𝑽𝟏 ∗ √ + 𝑽𝒔𝒑
𝒕𝟏

30
𝑉30 = 4.5 𝑐𝑚3 ∗ √ + 0.5 𝑐𝑚3
10
𝑽𝟑𝟎 = 𝟖. 𝟐𝟗𝟒 𝒄𝒎𝟑

𝑉30
∴ 𝐴𝑃𝐼 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 =
2
8.294 𝑐𝑚3
𝐴𝑃𝐼 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 =
2
𝑨𝑷𝑰 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒔 = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟒𝟕 𝒄𝒎𝟑

Hence, the API water loss is 4.147 cm3.

QUESTON 6

Calculate the density of a mud mixed by adding 30 lb/bbl of clay and 200 lb of API Barite to 1 bbl of
water (4 marks)
• 𝝆 = 𝒎𝒕 /𝑽𝒕

• 𝝆𝑩 = 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟎 𝒍𝒃/𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝝆𝒄 = 𝟑𝟎 𝒍𝒃/𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝝆𝒘 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃/𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝒎𝑩 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒃
𝒍𝒃
• 𝒎𝒘 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍 ∗ 𝟏𝒃𝒃𝒍 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃 8.1

• 𝑽𝒘 = 𝟏𝒃𝒃𝒍

𝑽𝒘+𝑩 = 𝑽𝒘 + 𝑽𝑩
200𝑙𝑏 8.2
𝑉𝑤+𝐵 = 1 𝑏𝑏𝑙 +
1470 𝑙𝑏/𝑏𝑏𝑙
 200𝑙𝑏
𝑉𝑤+𝐵 = 1 𝑏𝑏𝑙 +
1470 𝑙𝑏/𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑉𝑤+𝐵 = 1.14 𝑏𝑏𝑙 9.1

𝑚𝑤 + 𝑚𝐵
∴ 𝜌𝑡 = + 𝜌𝑐
𝑉𝑤+𝐵
350 𝑙𝑏 + 200 𝑙𝑏
𝜌𝑡 = + 30 𝑙𝑏/𝑏𝑏𝑙
1.14 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝜌𝑡 = 482.5 𝑙𝑏/𝑏𝑏𝑙 + 30 𝑙𝑏/𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑙𝑏
𝜌𝑡 = 512.5
𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑙𝑏 1𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝜌𝑡 = 512.5 ∗
𝑏𝑏𝑙 42 𝑔𝑎𝑙 9.2
9.3
𝝆𝒕 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟐 𝒑𝒑𝒈

Hence, the density of the mud mixture is 12.2 ppg.

QUESTON 7

A 1,000-bbl unweighted freshwater mud system has a density of 9.5 ppg. What mud treatment would
be required to reduce the solids content to 4% by volume? The total mud volume must be maintained
at 1,000 bbl and the minimum allowable mud density is 8.8 ppg.
(5 marks)
.
• 𝑽𝒕 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝑽𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒 ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍 = 𝟒𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝑽𝒘 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍 − 𝟒𝟎𝒃𝒃𝒍 = 𝟗𝟔𝟎 𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝝆𝟏 = 𝟗. 𝟓 𝒑𝒑𝒈
• 𝝆𝟐 = 𝟖. 𝟖 𝒑𝒑𝒈
• 𝝆𝒔 = 𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒍𝒃/𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 𝝆𝒘 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃/𝒃𝒃𝒍
• 1 bbl = 42 gal

𝑚𝑠 + 𝑚𝑤
𝜌𝑡 =
𝑉𝑡
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
40 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗ 910 + 960 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗ 350
𝜌𝑡 = 𝑏𝑏𝑙 𝑏𝑏𝑙
1000 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑙𝑏 1 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝜌𝑡 = 372.4 ∗
𝑏𝑏𝑙 42 𝑔𝑎𝑙
𝝆𝒕 = 𝟖. 𝟖𝟔𝟕 𝒑𝒑𝒈

Let X be the weight fraction;

𝜌𝑡 = 𝑋 ∗ 𝜌1 + (1 − 𝑋) ∗ 𝜌𝑤
𝜌𝑡 = 𝑋 ∗ 𝜌1 + 𝑝𝑤 − 𝜌𝑤 𝑋
 10.1

𝜌𝑡 − 𝜌𝑤 = 𝑋(𝜌1 − 𝜌𝑤 )
𝜌𝑡 − 𝜌𝑤
𝑋=
𝜌1 − 𝜌𝑤

8.867 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 8.33 𝑝𝑝𝑔

∴ 𝑋=
9.5 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 8.33 𝑝𝑝𝑔
𝑋 = 0.45897 ∗ 1000 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑋 = 458.97 𝑏𝑏𝑙

Thus, for volume of mud discarded, 1000 bbl – 458.97 bbl = 541 bbl water will be added.
10.2
10.3

QUESTION 8

The density of 800 bbl of 14 ppg mud must be increased to 14.5 ppg using API barite. The total mud
volume is limited to 800 bbl. Calculate the volume of old mud that should be discarded and the
weight of API barite required.
(5 marks)

𝝆𝑩 − 𝝆𝟐
𝑽𝟏 = 𝑽𝟐 ∗ ( )
𝝆𝑩 − 𝝆𝟏
𝝆𝑩 = 𝟑𝟓 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝝆𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟓 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝝆𝟏 = 𝟏𝟒 𝒑𝒑𝒈

35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 14.5 𝑝𝑝𝑔

𝑉1 = 800 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗ ( )
35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 14 𝑝𝑝𝑔
𝑉1 = 800 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗ (0.976)
𝑉1 = 800 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗ (0.976)
𝑽𝟏 = 𝟕𝟖𝟎. 𝟖 𝒃𝒃𝒍

Volume of discarded mud:

∴ 𝑉𝑑 = 𝑉2 − 𝑉1
𝑉𝑑 = 800 𝑏𝑏𝑙 − 780.8 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑉𝑑 = 19.2 𝑏𝑏𝑙

Hence, the volume of old mud discarded is 19.2 bbl.

The weight of API barite required:

mB = (V2 – V1) ρB
mB = (19.2 bbl) * 35 ppg * 42 gal/bbl
mB = 28224 lb

Hence, the weight of API barite required is 28224 lb.

QUESTION 9

The density of 900 bbl of 16 ppg mud must be increased to 17 ppg. The volume fraction of low-
specific-gravity solids also must be reduced from 0.055 to 0.030 by dilution with water. A final mud
volume of 900 bbl is desired. Calculate the volume of original mud that must be discarded and the
amount of water and API barite that should be added.
(6 marks)

𝑽𝟐 = 𝟗𝟎𝟎𝒃𝒃𝒍
𝝆𝑩 = 𝟑𝟓 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝝆𝒘 = 𝟖. 𝟑𝟑 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝝆𝟏 = 𝟏𝟔 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝝆𝟐 = 𝟏𝟕 𝒑𝒑𝒈
𝒇𝒄 𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟓
𝒇𝒄 𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟎

Volume of original mud:

𝑓𝑐2
𝑉1 = 𝑉2 ∗
𝑓𝑐1
0.030
𝑉1 = 900 𝑏𝑏𝑙 ∗
0.055
𝑽𝟏 = 𝟒𝟗𝟎. 𝟗 𝒃𝒃𝒍

∴ 𝑨𝒎𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒖𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒃𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒅 = 𝑉2 − 𝑉1 = 900 𝑏𝑏𝑙 − 490.9 𝑏𝑏𝑙 = 𝟒𝟎𝟗. 𝟏 𝒃𝒃𝒍

Hence, the volume of original mud to be discarded is 409.1 bbl.

Volume of water required:

(𝜌𝐵 − 𝜌2 ) ∗ 𝑉2 − (𝜌𝐵 − 𝜌1 ) ∗ 𝑉1
𝑉𝑤 =
(𝜌𝐵 − 𝜌𝑤 )
(35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 17 𝑝𝑝𝑔) ∗ 900 𝑏𝑏𝑙 − (35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 16 𝑝𝑝𝑔) ∗ 490.9𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑉𝑤 =
(35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 − 8.33 𝑝𝑝𝑔)
6872.9 𝑝𝑝𝑔 𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝑉𝑤 =
26.67 𝑝𝑝𝑔
𝑽𝒘 = 𝟐𝟓𝟕. 𝟕 𝒃𝒃𝒍

Hence, the volume of water required is 257.7 bbl.

The mass of API barite needed:

𝑚𝐵 = (𝑉2 – 𝑉1 – 𝑉𝑤 ) ∗ 𝜌𝐵
𝑚𝐵 = (409.1 𝑏𝑏𝑙 – 257.7 𝑏𝑏𝑙) ∗ 35 𝑝𝑝𝑔 ∗ 42 𝑔𝑎𝑙/𝑏𝑏𝑙
𝒎𝑩 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟓𝟖 𝒍𝒃
 Hence, the mass of API Barite needed is 222558 lb.

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 Index of comments

5.1 Energy expended by each piston = Discharge pressure x volume displaced

5.2 77754 bbls/cycle/cylinder

5.3 -1

6.1 173 bbls

7.1 1401 cycles

7.2 -1

7.3 -1

7.4 3099 cycles

8.1 Density of bentonite = 910 lb/bbl

8.2 30/910

9.1 1.169 bbls

9.2 11.8 ppg

9.3 -2

10.1 Calculate the initial solids content fs1, then V1 See example 2.18

10.2 Volume of water needed = 545 bbls

10.3 -2

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