DLP #2:

RESEARCH
INSTRUMENTS
NAME: Mortel, Ana Carmela O.
YR./STRAND/SEC.: 11 STEM-2
SUBJECT: EAPP
TEACHER: Ms. Rona Garcia
DATE: 03/21/22
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“One language sets you

in a corridor for life.
Two languages open
every door along the
way.”
-Frank Smith
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RESEARCH
INSTRUMENT:
METHODS: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Direction: As you analyze the information, complete the given

table with what you think of the advantages and disadvantages of
each method.

METHOD
Face-to-Face Structured Interview
ADVANTAGES
1. The interviewer can observe the surroundings and
can use non-verbal communication and visual aids
to present what the interviewer may ask or may
want to present to his/her interviewee.
2. Have the highest response rate and permit the
longest questionnaire.
3. Richness in information. Since this is face-to-face an
interviewer can ask additional questions or
follow-up questions to the
interviewee(unstructured). By that, the interviewer
can gain a lot of information, but it’s still up to the
interviewee whether he/she will answer or will not
answer the question.
4. Greater comfort for the respondent(particularly in a
home-based setting). Since most of the time it’s the
interviewee’s choice of place as to where the
interview will be done, the respondent/interviewee
can have greater comfort.
5. Can gain trust, confidence, and develop social
skills/interactivity. Since this is face-to-face, the
respondent gains trust since the details will be
confidential, gain confidence to say or express what
the respondent wanted, same with the interviewer
and they can practice their social skills.
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DISADVANTAGES
1. Time-consuming. Since this is face-to-face, of
course, the interviewer will grab this opportunity to
ask the details that he/she want. Also, in the
introductory part, you need to have some small talk
before starting the interview because it is better to
let your respondent be comfortable with you first
before starting the interview.
2. An interviewer can be biased especially if the one
who is being interviewed is a friend or acquaintance
of the interviewer. The interviewer can manipulate
the details, which leads to becoming bias.
3. Expensive. This is because of the timing and travel
to meet the repondent/s, as well as hiring
personnel(if you need to) which means there will be
a personnel cost.
4. Limit Sample Size. The size of the sample is limited
to the size of the staff, area, and a number of
qualified respondents. You can conduct several
interviews in multiple areas or places, but that
would take cost again.

METHOD ADVANTAGES
Telephone Survey 1. Respondents are anonymous. This method is said to
have the highest level of anonymity for
respondents who wish to keep their information
and opinions confidential.
2. Quick data processing and handling. With the use
of computer-assisted telephone, the data can be
processed and handled properly and quickly.
3. Can be used for asking sequential questions(a series
of questions that only requires a “yes” or “no”
answer.).
4. Highly Accessible. People who do not have access to
the Internet, specifically those who lived in remote
areas, can still be respondents with the use of their
telephones.
Paper and Pencil Survey 1. The results are said to be more honest than web
questionnaires/surveys since people just answer
what they know, what they feel, what they
understand, etc. Unlike web questionnaires that
people will search for the correct answer for this or
that, what is the general insight for this and that,
etc.
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DISADVANTAGES
1. You cannot see how the respondent reacts or what
is his/her expression about what you(as a surveyor)
are asking about him/her. Expression, reactions,
and the way the respondent interprets the question
and answers the question can also help you to have
a good interpretation of the result of your survey.
2. Respondents are hard to reach. Not all people
accept a phone/telephone call especially if they do
not know who is calling. They only accept calls from
their work, family, and friends. There were also
people who are just using the telephone for a
purpose and not to entertain interviews, surveys,
etc.
3. Time is limited. You cannot have a call to a
respondent for like an hour, it just took minutes
since respondents have also personal time.
1. High cost for printing and labor. You need to print
the questions which cost a lot, you need to have
extra pens or pencils for your respondent and you
need extra personnel to make this kind of survey
faster.

METHOD ADVANTAGES
Paper and Pencil Survey 2. Suitable for target respondents that are not fond of
technology like elderly people, disabled people, and children.
3. The survey is easy to distribute if you have a large size of
respondents.
4. Does not require any technology devices such as
phones, tablets, computers, etc which reduces the
technological investment needed.
Mail Survey 1. Convenient for respondents because they can answer
the questionnaire at their own pace and place as long
as they have the research instrument. They can use as
much time needed to answer the questionnaire.
2. Cost-efficient/Effective. A man alone can do the
survey, he/she will just create a questionnaire then
he/she will pass it to the respondents through the
mail. No need to add extra personnel, travel, print
materials, etc.
3. You can have a large sample size to conduct your
survey.
4. For the administration, this does not totally require
much experience. This type of survey does not oblige
the authority to make decisions during high-pressure
scenarios.
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DISADVANTAGES
2. You need to brainstorm questions that you will put on
the survey because you cannot have follow-up questions. The
questions in the paper are what the respondents will answer,
nothing less, nothing more.
1. The surveyor does not have control as to what
happened with the questionnaires being sent to the
respondent’s mail. Are they still answering it, or just
left it opened in their mails.
2. Since mail surveys do not offer the opportunity for
follow-ups, the questionnaire design can make or
break the survey. Questions must be brief,
straightforward, and accurate.
3. Those who are sick people, disabled, young children,
older people, and those that has language barriers and
are marginally literate and illiterate cannot be given a
chance to be a respondent.

METHOD ADVANTAGES
Online Survey 1. Faster. Since online surveys are being taken
automatically, there’s no need to wait for paper
questionnaires to come back or for a phone interviewer to
compile their findings. In addition, with web-based surveys,
response time is almost instant.
2. More accurate. The margin of error is greatly reduced
with online surveys because participants enter their
responses directly into a web survey. Since respondents
record their own answers, there is no opportunity for an
interviewer to misinterpret a response.
3. Cost-Effective. Online surveys don’t have the expense of
an interviewer for in-person or telephone surveys, the
printing and postage required for mail-in surveys, and
other costs associated with other means of surveying.
4. Easy to use for participants. Since today’s generation is
very fond of online websites, the internet, and such this will
be easy for them to do and operate. With an online survey,
participants can pick a moment that suits them best and
the time needed to complete the survey is much shorter.
5. Anytime, Anywhere. This is an easy one; with online
surveys, participants can take a survey at any time, no
matter where they’re at.
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DISADVANTAGES
1. Survey Fraud. There are people who answer online
surveys for the sake of getting the incentive (usually in
the form of money) after they have completed the
survey, not with a desire to contribute to the
advancement of the study.
2. Close-ended questions. Most surveys have
close-ended questions, meaning the respondent has no
choice but to select an answer or choose “not
applicable” or “other.” While close-ended questions
make surveys easy to analyze, they may have a lower
validity rate than other types of questions (you can, of
course, create surveys with open-ended questions).
3. Online Limitations. Not everyone has the internet or
access to any technological devices that are used for
online surveys.
4. Response Bias. Another problem that can lead to
misleading information is response bias in online
surveys. Most of the time, people tend to respond in a
certain way due to various reasons such as the fear of
being judged, financial situations, personality
differences, and many others.
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THAT’S ALL,
THANK YOU!
CREDITS: SLIDESMANIA FOR THE TEMPLATE