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‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ‪92‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn & Winter‬‬

‫‪263-288‬‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ‪1392/2/5 :‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‪1391/7/4 :‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺣﻤـﺪ ﺧﻠﻴـﻠﻰ* ‪ -‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﺩﻛﺘﺮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﺭﻩ ﻗﻠﻰ ﭘﻮﺭ‪-‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺁﺭﺯﻭ ﺗﺎﺟﻴﻚ‪ -‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺯﺍﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﻳﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻴﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﻴﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫‪Introducing a model for planning and designing garden-cities in‬‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ »ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ« ﻳﺎ »ﺑﺎﻏﺴﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎ« ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫‪Iranian system of urbanism‬‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1389‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫‪S‬‬ ‫”‪ince approving the blueprint of “Baghshahrha”or “Baghestanha‬‬
‫‪plans by Supreme Council of urbanism in 2010, preparation of these‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬
‫‪plans had been stood in the agenda of agencies and engineering con-‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪sultants. Although, garden city plans of some provinces encountered‬‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬
‫‪performing challenges; but in planning the garden city plans’ policies‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺁﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫‪of Iran, a special study is essential. Therefore the article is to produce‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬
‫‪a model for designing and planning of these settlements. In order to‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬
‫‪achieve this goal the authors, at first, are to reviewing the status of‬‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ‬
‫‪the debate in the urbanism literature of Iran and the world; extract‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺠﻰ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪required factors and appropriate criterion to circumstances of Iran.‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ‪-‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻰ‬
‫‪Then, these indicators are converted to a closed questionnaire and‬‬
‫‪professionals, educators and experts will be questioned. It is worth‬‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬
‫‪mentioning that the results of the survey through statistical analysis -‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫‪factor analysis and regression analysis – will provide optimal model.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 100‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ‬
‫‪This is an applied research that using quantitative research methods‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫‪and analytical approach. The population for this study includes about‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﻰ‬
‫‪100 expert professionals. According to the pattern of designing and‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫‪planning of garden cities of Iran, obtained from the research, at first,‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫‪by forecasting residential and employment conditions for all social‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬
‫‪groups in the garden cities and then establishing services, health-‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪care, educational, administrative and military needs of the villagers‬‬
‫‪in these settlements, should be created some functional attractions‬‬
‫ﻭﺍژﮔﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫‪in these places. Therefore, part of the urban population could be ac-‬‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪commodated in garden cities and also, rural population would be ab-‬‬
‫‪sorbed to live there.‬‬
‫‪Kewords: garden city, rural city, sustainable development, new ur-‬‬
‫‪banism, smart growth‬‬
‫* ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ‪09124056523 :‬؛ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ahmadkhalili@ut.ac.ir :‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ )‪ .(March, 2004‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺧﻮﺷﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺮﺑﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﻯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﭘﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫)ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪1386 ،‬؛ ﺷﻮﺍﻯ‪1386 ،‬؛ ‪ .(Scrogin, 1937‬ﺟﻨﺒﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺿﻰ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1990‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )‪ (1341‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺴﺒﺘ ًﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﺨﻮﺵ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ )ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ .(1 ،1387 ،‬ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻮﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺍﻫﺮﻯ‪1367 ،‬؛ ﻛﺎﻣﺮﻭﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪ .(1386‬ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ )ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ‪ ،1387 ،‬ﺹ ‪،(1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﺍﻻﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻫﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺤﻼﺗﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ )ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ ،1387 ،‬ﺹ ‪ .(1‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ )‪ (1334-1327‬ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ )‪ ،(1346-1341‬ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ )‪ (1351-1347‬ﻭ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ )‪ ،(1355-1351‬ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ )‪ ،(1372-1368‬ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬
‫‪ -1-2‬ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻭ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ )‪-1374‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫‪ ،(1378‬ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﭘﺎﻙ)ﭘﺲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬
‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ« ﻳﺎ »ﺑﺎﻏﺴﺘﺎﻥ« ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻯ( ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ )‪ (1383-1379‬ﻭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺍﻏﻤﺎﺽ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ)‪ ،(1388-1384‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫‪264‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺁﻣﻴﺨﺘﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ )ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ«ﻭ »ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ«‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻰ ﺗﺎ(‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻓﺮﻭﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﺗﺶ‬
‫ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍژﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﻗﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﻰ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ »ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ« ﻳﺎ »ﺑﺎﻏﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺑﻨﺰﺭ ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ« ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻰ‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1386‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﺕ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ )‪March,‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫‪ .(2004‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻰ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﻴﺪﻥ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ‪ 1389/5/4‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪ)ﻓﺘﺤﻰ‪.(1389 ،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻛﺸﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ )ﺷﻮﺍﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪1386‬؛ ﻛﻤﭙﻞ‪ .(1388 ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺁﻭﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺟﺎﻣﻪ ﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺤﻼﺕ ﭘﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻴﺮﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻨﻰ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻦ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﻴﺪ )ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ .(1 ،1387 ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫)ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪1386 ،‬؛ ﺷﻮﺍﻯ‪ .(1386 ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ‪ ،‬ﺣﺲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻫﻦ ﻣﻰ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ‪1387 ،‬؛ ‪Hao‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ‪ 30000‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪ et al, 2011‬؛ ‪ .(Liu et al, 2010, 3‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ )ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺮﻭﻓﺴﻜﻰ‪ ،1378 ،‬ﺹ ‪.(199‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ‪ 40‬ﻫﻜﺘﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪ 5000-3000‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ)ﻫﻤﺎﻥ(‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻡ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ )ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪1387 ،‬؛ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ ‪ .(1387‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺭﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ)‪Hao et al,‬‬ ‫)ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪ .(1386 ،‬ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ 2011‬؛ ‪.(Liu et al, 2010, 3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺗﺮ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -2-2‬ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ -‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ‪ -‬ﻟﭽﻮﺭﺙ )‪ (1904‬ﻭ ﻭﻟﻮﻳﻦ )‪ -(1919‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬
‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺟﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺟﻮ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪ)ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪1386 ،‬؛ ‪North Hertfordshire District‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪.(Council, 2007‬‬
‫‪265‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﺒﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍژﻩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 100‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ)‪ .(Liu et al, 2010, 1‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺁﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺲ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎﺯ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ،1962‬ﻫﺮﺑﺮﺕ ﮔﻨﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﮔﻨﺰ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻂ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ‪-‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ؛‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍ ﺗﺠﺪﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺒﺨﺸﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻗﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ؛ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ‪ -‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ -‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ)ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ .(1387 ،‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ -‬ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺠﺪﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻁ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ)ﻫﻤﺎﻥ(‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫)ﻣﺪﻧﻰ ﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،1379 ،‬ﺹ ‪ 287‬ﻭ ‪ ،(288‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺗﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﺪﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﻨﺰﺭ ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺑﺮ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺒﻰ ﺟﺴﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ )ﻣﺪﻧﻰ ﭘﻮﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﻮ ﻛﺮﺩ )ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪1387 ،‬؛ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻯ‪ .(1387 ،‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪،‬‬
‫‪ (321 ،1379‬ﻭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1992‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻭﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ)ﺗﺮﻧﺮ‪ .(19 ،1376 ،‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺁﺷﻔﺘﮕﻰ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﺪﺩ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺠﺪﺩﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻰ ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ »ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ«‪» ،‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪» ،«1‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ«‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ )‪Falconer‬‬ ‫ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .(et al, 2010, 1‬ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ»ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ«‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ«‪» ،‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﻛﻼﺭﻧﺲ ﭘﺮﻯ« ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻔﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ)‪ .(1 ,2004 ,Chiesura‬ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ »ﺑﺎﺭﺑﺎﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ« ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﻯ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪1970‬‬
‫ﻛﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ)ﻧﺴﺘﺮﻥ‪ .(2 ،1389 ،‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫)‪ .(Ford, 1999‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫»ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ‪ «2‬ﻭ »ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﮔﺸﺖ‪» .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ «3‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ)‪.(Ford, 1999, 2‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﭘﻰ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ؛ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺍ؛ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ«‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ)‪Ford, 1999‬؛‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻼﻣﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻬﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻮ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫‪.(Falconer et al, 2010‬‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ)ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ ،1388 ،‬ﺹ‪14‬؛‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﺷﺪ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﮔﺴﻴﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻮﻗﻰ‪ ،1389 ،‬ﺹ ‪ .(5‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫‪266‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺑﺴﺎﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻤﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬
‫»ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ«‪» ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺭﺷﺪ« ﻭ »ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ« ﭘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ )ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،1388 ،‬ﺹ ‪23‬؛‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪ ،(Thinh et al, 2002, 3‬ﺩﻫﻜﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ )ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ)ﺷﺪﺕ(‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ ،(23 ،1388‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺍﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ )ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،1388 ،‬ﺹ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫‪23‬؛ ‪ ،(Chiesura, 2004‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ )‪ ،(Yang et al, 2008‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫)ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،1388 ،‬ﺹ ‪23‬؛ ‪ (Yang et al, 2008‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪.(Bloustein, 2007‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 1990‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭙﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻳﻨﻰ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﺸﻮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻤﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺁﻣﻴﺨﺘﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 1‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﻰ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫‪1- Sustainable city‬‬ ‫‪2- T.N.D‬‬ ‫‪3- T.O.D‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫‪ 1980‬ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪ -3-2‬ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪267‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ‬
‫ﭘﻮﻳﺪ)‪.(Franklin& Tait, 2002, 250‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫»ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺮﺗﻔﻮﺭﺩﺷﻴﺮ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ‪ «4‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪،2007‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻟﭻ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪-‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺙ‪ «5‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺑﺎﺯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﭼﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺳﺮﺭﻳﺰ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺑﻰ ﺭﻭﻳﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﻴﺨﺘﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪North Hertfordshire District‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ)‪Hin & Xin, 2011‬؛ ‪Liu et al,2010‬؛ ‪Hao et‬‬
‫‪» .(Council, 2007‬ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‪ «6‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪.(al, 2011‬‬
‫‪ ،2009‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﺴﺒﺘ ًﺎ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ»ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ »ﺑﺮﻳﺪﭼﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﻜﻠﻴﻦ « ﻭ‬
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‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،«7‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻯ‬ ‫»ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻠﻢ ﺗﻴﺖ‪ «2‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ)‪Planning‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻩ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺲ‪ «3‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪،‬‬
‫‪ .(Commission, 2009‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‪» ،‬ﻳﺎﺗﻴﻨﮓ ﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻫﻪ‬
‫‪1- Franklin Bridget‬‬ ‫‪4- North Hertfordshire District Council‬‬
‫‪2- Malcolm Tait‬‬ ‫‪5- Letchworth Garden City Town Centre Strategy‬‬
‫‪3- Constructing an image: The urban village concept in‬‬ ‫‪6- Planning Commission‬‬
‫‪the UK‬‬ ‫‪7- Draft Urban Village Design Guidelines & Standards‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ«‪ (2010) 1‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﭼﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪Hao‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‪ «2‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ .(et al, 2010, 1‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ‪-‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ)‪Liu et al, 2010,‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪ .(135-136‬ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ‪ 11‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ‪ 6‬ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﻮ ﻫﺎﻭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﺩﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭگ ﭼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ)‪Hao et‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ)‪ ،(Liu et al, 2010, 143‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬
‫‪.(al, 2010‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭙﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺣﻔﻆ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺯﻳﺮﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺩﺍﮔﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻳﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺒﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ )ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ( ﺭﺍ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪268‬‬
‫ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘ ًﺎ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ)‪ .(Liu et al, 2010, 136‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ)ﺷﻴﻌﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺰﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪1386‬؛ ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ .(1379 ،‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻔﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ– ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ)ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .(135‬ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ -‬ﺷﺎﻛﻠﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ -4-2‬ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﻛﺸﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ)ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ .(143 ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪ‪ 55 ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ )ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.(137‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺨﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫»ﭘﻮ ﻫﺎﻭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ‪ (2010) «3‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ »ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫»ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻧﺰﻫﻦ‪ «4‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ«‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻰ ﭘﻨﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪1- Yuting Liu, Shenjing He, Fulong Wu, Chris Webster‬‬
‫‪2- and transitional neighbourhoods Urban villages under China’s rapid urbanization: Unregulated assets r‬‬
‫‪3- Pu Hao, Richard Sliuzasa, Stan Geertman‬‬
‫‪4- The development and redevelopment of urban villages in Shenzhen‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .1‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛‬
‫ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ‬

‫‪Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace- -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪,(do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006‬‬
‫)‪ (1386‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪Joseli)2011), Goldshleger(2006), -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ (1386),)MARCH)2004‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ)ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ( ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻯ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Palframan(2010), North‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council(2007).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪ (Macedo(2011), Liu(2010), .(1386‬ﭘﺎﮐﺰﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ‬

‫‪Urban Management‬‬ ‫‪,(Goldshleger(2006‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫‪Joseli(2011), North Hertfordshire District -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫‪,(Council(2007‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ )‪. (1386‬‬
‫‪269‬‬ ‫‪- Hao(2011), Macedo(2011), Joseli(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪Hin(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006),‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪Takeuchi(1998).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006),‬‬
‫‪Franklin(2002).‬‬
‫‪Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪Macedo(2011), Hao(2010), Liu(2010),North‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council (2007), Gold-‬‬
‫‪ (1386). ,(shleger(2006), Takeuchi(1998‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬
‫‪- Hin(2011), Hao(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010).‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫‪Macedo(2011), Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Gold-‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ‬
‫‪shleger(2006).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Gol dshleger(2006).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .1‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‬ ‫‪18‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006),‬‬ ‫)ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮ(‬
‫‪March(2004).‬‬
‫‪- Hin(2011), Hao(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪19‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006), Takeu-‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪chi(1998).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Joseli(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫‪Palframan (2010), Goldshleger(2006),‬‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‬

‫‪- Hin(2011), Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫‪21‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪Joseli (2011), Palframan(2010), North -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪22‬‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council(2007), Gold-‬‬
‫‪ (1386) ,(shleger(2006‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪Joseli(2011), Palframan(2010), North -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪23‬‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council(2007), Gold-‬‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪,(shleger(2006), Takeuchi(1998), March(2004‬‬
‫‪(1386).‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‬
‫‪- Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫‪24‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪270‬‬
‫‪- Macedo(2011), Planning Commis-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫‪26‬‬
‫‪sion(2009), North Hertfordshire District‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪Council(2007), March(2004).‬‬
‫‪- Hin(2011), Hao(2010),Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫‪27‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪28‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010).‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪29‬‬
‫‪Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011(,‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫‪30‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010), North Hertfordshire District‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫‪Council(2007), March(2004).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪31‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010), Macedo(2011), Gold-‬‬
‫‪shleger(2006).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪33‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .1‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛‬
‫‪- Hao(2010), Liu(2010), Takeuchi(1998).‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪34‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪- Joseli(2011), Hao(2010), Liu(2010), North‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council(2007), Takeu-‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪chi(1998).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Macedo(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫‪36‬‬
‫‪Liu(2010).‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫‪37‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006).‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬

‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪38‬‬
‫‪do(2011), Liu(2010), Goldshleger(2006),‬‬
‫‪March(2004).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪39‬‬
‫‪Macedo(2011), Hao(2010), Liu(2010), North‬‬
‫‪Hertfordshire District Council(2007), Gold-‬‬
‫‪shleger(2006), March(2004).‬‬
‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011), Mace-‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫‪Joseli(2011), Hao(2010), Gold- -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫‪41‬‬
‫‪ (1386) .,(shleger(2006‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬
‫‪Urban Management‬‬ ‫‪Joseli(2011), Hao(2010), Palframan (2010), -‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪42‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫‪ (1386) ,(March(2004‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫‪- Hao(2011), Hin(2011), Joseli(2011),‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪43‬‬
‫‪Macedo(2011), Liu(2010),Palframan(2010),‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪271‬‬ ‫‪Goldshleger(2006).‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺟﻮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ‪ -‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺎﺳ ًﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺏ ﺍﺩﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺨﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻓﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺎﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻚ ﻭ ﻛﻮﻳﺮﻯ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﻩ ﻭﺳﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﺆﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻓﺘﺤﻰ‪ .(1389 ،‬ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻪ ﻯ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ‪ 43 ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻯ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪103‬ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺁﺑﻬﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﺭﻙ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ)‪ (%61‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺁﺑﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ)‪ ،(%79‬ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ)‪ (%63‬ﻭ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ)‪ (%43‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﻃﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‪12 ،‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﺯ ‪ 55‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬
‫‪ SPSS‬ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪43‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 1‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺪﻭﻟﻮژﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‬
‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪ KMO‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺳ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻯ ﺟﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ‪ KMO‬ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ 0,6‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻰ ‪ -‬ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ -%50‬ﺭﻗﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ .(2‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 100‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺻﻔﺮ )‪ (sig=0.00‬ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻨﺪﻭﻛﺎﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻯ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﮕﺎﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪-‬ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ‪-‬ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪272‬‬
‫)ﺧﻠﻴﻠﻰ‪.(1389 ،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .2‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻠﺖ ﻭ ‪ KMO‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛ ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ‪ SPSS‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ‬
‫ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ »ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ« ﻭ »ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ«‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻰ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬
‫‪0,601‬‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ‪KMO‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬
‫‪1,864E3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﻩ ﻯ ﻭﺳﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻭ‬
‫‪903‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ‪-‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻩ‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ »ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ«‪ 1‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ‪15‬‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘ ًﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ 1‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪1- Total initial eigenvalues‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ‪14‬ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ 0,5‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺣﺬﻑ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻰ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍً ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 14 ،7 ،1‬ﻭ ‪ 40‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ)ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .(3‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ‪ 39‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺿﻬﺎﻯ ﻧﺮﻡ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ)ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪.(4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ 0,4‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ‪14‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮔﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ‪14‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‪ 25 ،‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﻤﺎﻛﺲ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻰ ‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻯ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .3‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪pca :‬؛ ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ‬
‫‪273‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ‬
‫‪3,255‬‬ ‫‪16,331‬‬ ‫‪16,331‬‬ ‫‪7,023‬‬ ‫‪16,331‬‬ ‫‪16,331‬‬ ‫‪7,023‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2,656‬‬ ‫‪24,396‬‬ ‫‪8,064‬‬ ‫‪3,468‬‬ ‫‪24,396‬‬ ‫‪8,064‬‬ ‫‪3,468‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2,586‬‬ ‫‪30,905‬‬ ‫‪6,509‬‬ ‫‪2,799‬‬ ‫‪30,905‬‬ ‫‪6,509‬‬ ‫‪2,799‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2,505‬‬ ‫‪36,179‬‬ ‫‪5,274‬‬ ‫‪2,268‬‬ ‫‪36,179‬‬ ‫‪5,274‬‬ ‫‪2,268‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2,394‬‬ ‫‪41,102‬‬ ‫‪4,923‬‬ ‫‪2,117‬‬ ‫‪41,102‬‬ ‫‪4,923‬‬ ‫‪2,117‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2,176‬‬ ‫‪45,580‬‬ ‫‪4,479‬‬ ‫‪1,926‬‬ ‫‪45,580‬‬ ‫‪4,479‬‬ ‫‪1,926‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪2,030‬‬ ‫‪49,585‬‬ ‫‪4,004‬‬ ‫‪1,722‬‬ ‫‪49,585‬‬ ‫‪4,004‬‬ ‫‪1,722‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪2,029‬‬ ‫‪53,319‬‬ ‫‪3,735‬‬ ‫‪1,606‬‬ ‫‪53,319‬‬ ‫‪3,735‬‬ ‫‪1,606‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪2,007‬‬ ‫‪56,933‬‬ ‫‪3,614‬‬ ‫‪1,554‬‬ ‫‪56,933‬‬ ‫‪3,614‬‬ ‫‪1,554‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪1,967‬‬ ‫‪60,180‬‬ ‫‪3,247‬‬ ‫‪1,396‬‬ ‫‪60,180‬‬ ‫‪3,247‬‬ ‫‪1,396‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1,965‬‬ ‫‪63,251‬‬ ‫‪3,070‬‬ ‫‪1,320‬‬ ‫‪63,251‬‬ ‫‪3,070‬‬ ‫‪1,320‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪1,728‬‬ ‫‪65,981‬‬ ‫‪2,730‬‬ ‫‪1,174‬‬ ‫‪65,981‬‬ ‫‪2,730‬‬ ‫‪1,174‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1,641‬‬ ‫‪68,512‬‬ ‫‪2,531‬‬ ‫‪1,088‬‬ ‫‪68,512‬‬ ‫‪2,531‬‬ ‫‪1,088‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫‪1,531‬‬ ‫‪70,858‬‬ ‫‪2,347‬‬ ‫‪1,009‬‬ ‫‪70,858‬‬ ‫‪2,347‬‬ ‫‪1,009‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .4‬ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫• ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫‪0,417‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ)ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬
‫‪0,826‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ( ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬
‫• ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫‪0,764‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫• ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫‪0,406‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫‪0,847‬‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫• ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫‪0,835‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫• ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ‬
‫‪0,786‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ‬
‫‪0,500‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫‪0,721‬‬
‫ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫‪0,838‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫‪274‬‬
‫‪0,477‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫• ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫‪0,550‬‬ ‫‪0,536‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫• ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫‪0,661‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫• ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ‬
‫‪0,805‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫• ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬
‫‪0,744‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‬
‫• ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ‬
‫‪0,455‬‬ ‫‪0,407‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫• ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪0,806‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫• ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬
‫‪0,598‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪0,445‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ‬
‫‪0,578‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬
‫‪0,728‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬
‫• ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫‪0,681‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫‪0,743‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫• ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳﺒﻚ‬
‫‪0,698‬‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫• ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪0,764‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪0,401‬‬ ‫‪0,515‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫‪0,787‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫• ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ‬
‫‪0,406‬‬ ‫‪0,508‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪Urban Management‬‬ ‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ‬
‫‪0,530‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ‬
‫‪0,789‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪275‬‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫‪0,630‬‬ ‫‪0,415‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬
‫‪0,479‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ‬
‫‪0,656‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫‪0,559‬‬ ‫‪0,475‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
‫‪0,571‬‬
‫• ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ‬
‫‪0,716‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬
‫‪0,494‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬
‫• ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪0,834‬‬
‫• ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ‬
‫‪0,791‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .5‬ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛ ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪29‬‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪31‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫‪36‬‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪276‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪42‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪43‬‬
‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪22‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ‬
‫‪26‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .5‬ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ‬

‫‪17‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ)ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮ(‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪39‬‬
‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ)ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ( ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪28‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬
‫‪11‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‬
‫‪277‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ‪11‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻗﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻗﺖ )‪ (R=0,248‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻄﺎ)=‪SEE‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ‪14‬ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪ (0,31707‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪ 1‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻗﺖ)‪(0,995=R‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻄﺎ )‪ (SEE=0,02726‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪ 14‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺪﻝ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺗﺴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻝ ‪ 14‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ‪1,679‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﭘﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ (6‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫)ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪.(6‬‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ‪3-1‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .6‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬
‫ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ؛ ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﻄﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫‪Durbin-‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪r‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺪﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫‪Watson‬‬
‫‪0,31707‬‬ ‫‪0,241‬‬ ‫‪0,248‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0,28547‬‬ ‫‪0,384‬‬ ‫‪0,396‬‬ ‫‪0,630‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0,25052‬‬ ‫‪0,526‬‬ ‫‪0,540‬‬ ‫‪0,735‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪0,22396‬‬ ‫‪0,621‬‬ ‫‪0,636‬‬ ‫‪0,797‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0,19978‬‬ ‫‪0,698‬‬ ‫‪0,713‬‬ ‫‪0,845‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪0,17781‬‬ ‫‪0,761‬‬ ‫‪0,775‬‬ ‫‪0,880‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪0,15302‬‬ ‫‪0,823‬‬ ‫‪0,835‬‬ ‫‪0,914‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪0,13453‬‬ ‫‪0,863‬‬ ‫‪0,874‬‬ ‫‪0,935‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪0,11442‬‬ ‫‪0,901‬‬ ‫‪0,910‬‬ ‫‪0,954‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪0,09622‬‬ ‫‪0,930‬‬ ‫‪0,937‬‬ ‫‪0,968‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪0,07680‬‬ ‫‪0,955‬‬ ‫‪0,960‬‬ ‫‪0,980‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪0,05927‬‬ ‫‪0,973‬‬ ‫‪0,977‬‬ ‫‪0,988‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪0,04459‬‬ ‫‪0,985‬‬ ‫‪0,987‬‬ ‫‪0,993‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫‪1,679‬‬ ‫‪0,02726‬‬ ‫‪0,994‬‬ ‫‪0,995‬‬ ‫‪0,998‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪ ،14‬ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ‪14‬ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻯ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺗﺮﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫‪278‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﺘﺎ‪ 1‬ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ )ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ‪.(2‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 8‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ :2‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪14‬‬
‫‪1- Beta‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .7‬ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪ 14‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺩﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺍﻳﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ‪t‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻝ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺘﺎ‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪1440,000‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪3,868‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪67,137‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,181‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪1‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪51,050‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,138‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪2‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪51,945‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,140‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪3‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪41,796‬‬ ‫‪0,310‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,113‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪4‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪33,032‬‬ ‫‪0,245‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,089‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪5‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪33,558‬‬ ‫‪0,249‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,091‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪6‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪37,483‬‬ ‫‪0,278‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,101‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪7‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪25,514‬‬ ‫‪0,189‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,089‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪8‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪26,535‬‬ ‫‪0,197‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,072‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪9‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪22,189‬‬ ‫‪0,165‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,080‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪10‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪13,688‬‬ ‫‪0,102‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,037‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪11‬‬
‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪17,235‬‬ ‫‪0,128‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,047‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪12‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪20,592‬‬ ‫‪0,153‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,056‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪13‬‬
‫‪279‬‬ ‫‪0,000‬‬ ‫‪12,254‬‬ ‫‪0,091‬‬ ‫‪0,003‬‬ ‫‪0,033‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‪14‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﻗﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،7‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ »ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ »ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ« ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ« ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ»ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻋﺪﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ« ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 9‬ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪.(8‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ‪14‬ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ‪ -5‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﺒﻨﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻛﺪﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .8‬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‪ :‬ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺘﺎ)‪(Beta‬‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ‬
‫ﺗﻈﺮ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0,310‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪0,278‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪0,249‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0,245‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0,197‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0,189‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0,165‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0,153‬‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0,128‬‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0,102‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0,091‬‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫‪280‬‬
‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪ 10‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬
‫ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﻗﺸﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﻛﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺳﻴﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘ ًﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻤﺎﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .9‬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ ) ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ )‪(A‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1,587‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,787‬‬ ‫‪4,05‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1,192‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,656‬‬ ‫‪3,65‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1,019‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,508‬‬ ‫‪4,03‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪1,018‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,500‬‬ ‫‪4,09‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0,940‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,477‬‬ ‫‪3,96‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0,938‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,515‬‬ ‫‪3,66‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1,175‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫‪0,791‬‬ ‫‪3,86‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1,088‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫‪0,834‬‬ ‫‪3,39‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪0,737‬‬ ‫‪0,498‬‬ ‫‪0,656‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪0,706‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫‪0,530‬‬ ‫‪3,46‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫‪281‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪0,646‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫‪0,494‬‬ ‫‪3,4‬‬
‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪1,001‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫‪0,728‬‬ ‫‪3,63‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0,943‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫‪0,571‬‬ ‫‪4,36‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0,808‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫‪0,578‬‬ ‫‪3,69‬‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪0,807‬‬ ‫‪0,3,79‬‬ ‫‪0,559‬‬ ‫‪3,81‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪0,613‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫‪0,406‬‬ ‫‪3,99‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0,979‬‬ ‫‪0,31‬‬ ‫‪0,838‬‬ ‫‪3,77‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ‬

‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪0,776‬‬ ‫‪0,31‬‬ ‫‪0,598‬‬ ‫‪4,19‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪0,543‬‬ ‫‪0,31‬‬ ‫‪0,445‬‬ ‫‪3,94‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .9‬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬

‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0,818‬‬ ‫‪0,278‬‬ ‫‪0,716‬‬ ‫‪4,11‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪0,727‬‬ ‫‪0,278‬‬ ‫‪0,661‬‬ ‫‪3,96‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪0,608‬‬ ‫‪0,278‬‬ ‫‪0,55‬‬ ‫‪3,98‬‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0,881‬‬ ‫‪0,249‬‬ ‫‪0,805‬‬ ‫‪4,40‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪0,757‬‬ ‫‪0,249‬‬ ‫‪0,744‬‬ ‫‪4,09‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ)ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮ(‬
‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪34‬‬ ‫‪0,422‬‬ ‫‪0,249‬‬ ‫‪0,455‬‬ ‫‪3,73‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪0,771‬‬ ‫‪0,245‬‬ ‫‪0,743‬‬ ‫‪4,24‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬

‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪0,645‬‬ ‫‪0,245‬‬ ‫‪0,681‬‬ ‫‪3,87‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪35‬‬ ‫‪0,400‬‬ ‫‪0,245‬‬ ‫‪0,417‬‬ ‫‪3,92‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ)ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ( ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪0,536‬‬ ‫‪0,197‬‬ ‫‪0,826‬‬ ‫‪3,30‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪0,520‬‬ ‫‪0,197‬‬ ‫‪0,764‬‬ ‫‪3,46‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪0,624‬‬ ‫‪0,189‬‬ ‫‪0,835‬‬ ‫‪3,96‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪0,565‬‬ ‫‪0,189‬‬ ‫‪0,786‬‬ ‫‪3,81‬‬ ‫‪282‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪0,508‬‬ ‫‪0,165‬‬ ‫‪0,764‬‬ ‫‪4,03‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪0,438‬‬ ‫‪0,165‬‬ ‫‪0,698‬‬ ‫‪3,81‬‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪0,455‬‬ ‫‪0,153‬‬ ‫‪0,806‬‬ ‫‪3,69‬‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪0,325‬‬ ‫‪0,128‬‬ ‫‪0,847‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‬
‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪0,287‬‬ ‫‪0,102‬‬ ‫‪0,789‬‬ ‫‪3,57‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪0,261‬‬ ‫‪0,102‬‬ ‫‪0,630‬‬ ‫‪4,07‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬
‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪0,282‬‬ ‫‪0,091‬‬ ‫‪0,721‬‬ ‫‪4,31‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .10‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ )ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ ) ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ(‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻬﺎﻯ ﻛﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻗﺸﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ‪،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﻰ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻫﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪-10‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ 15‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺑﻨﻴﻪ ﻯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ‪-‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪283‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺭﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻟﻴﻜﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺠﻜﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﻰ ﻭ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻠﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ .10‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬

‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺯﻫﻜﺸﻰ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺁﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﻨﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﭘﺎﺭﻙ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻣﺤﻼﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﺗﻊ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ‪92‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪284‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺞ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﺑﻨﻴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻳﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻰ)ﻭﻳﻼ‪-‬ﺑﺎﻍ ﻫﺎ( ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ)ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎ‪-‬ﺷﻬﺮ(‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻟﻨﺪﻣﺎﺭﻙ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺧﻂ ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻛﻒ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺒﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﭘﺎﺭﻛﻴﻨﮓ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺒﻬﻪ ﻯ ﭘﺸﺘﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻯ ﻧﻮﺭﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪Urban Management‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻯ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪285‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻓﺮﻡ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ‬
‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫‪TND‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ )ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ( ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬

‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ‪ -‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ‪TOD‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ )ﻣﺘﺮﻭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺗﻮﺑﻮﺱ( ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻯ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﻯ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻯ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺷﻄﺮﻧﺠﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺳﺒﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻤﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪Urban Management‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
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‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻜﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺠﺮ) ﺑﻠﻮﺍﺭ(‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻁ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺧﺬ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ‪ .1‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺩﺭ)‪ .(1387‬ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮ‪ :‬ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﻯ‪-52 .(60) .‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﻫﺎﻯ ‪55‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰ ‪ .2‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻳﻢ )‪ .(1388‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‪.15-12 .(4) .‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﻭ ‪ .3‬ﺍﻫﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﺮﺍ؛ ﺍﺭﺟﻤﻨﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻐﺮ؛ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻰ؛ ﻣﺤﺴﻦ؛ ﺧﺴﺮﻭﺧﺎﻭﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﻯ‪.(60) .‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ( ‪ .)1367‬ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‪ .‬ﭼﺎپ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫‪.59-56‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .17‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﺩ )‪ .(1379‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻭﺳﺘﺮﻭﻓﺴﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﺴﻼﻑ ) ‪ .(1378‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ )‬
‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪.(4) ،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺁﺗﻦ(‪ .‬ﭼﺎپ ﺩﻭﻡ‪) .‬ﻻﺩﻥ‬
‫‪ .18‬ﻧﺴﺘﺮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻴﻦ؛ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺣﻨﺎﺯ؛ ﺍﻳﺰﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻀﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ(‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﻴﺤﻪ)‪ .(1389‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺎﭘﺴﻴﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﭘﺎﻛﺰﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺎﻧﺸﺎﻩ‪ .(1386) .‬ﺳﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ)ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻯ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ(‪ .‬ﺝ‪ . 1‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ(‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ .‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‪.100-83 .(2) .21 .‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬ﺗﺮﻧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻡ )‪ .(1376‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‪) .‬ﻓﺮﺷﺎﺩ‬
‫‪ .19‬ﻭﺛﻮﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ؛ ﺍﻳﻤﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ )‪ .(1389‬ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺭﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ(‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻟﺸﻬﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‪.1 .‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪2)).‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬ﺷﻮﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻮﺍﺯ‪ .(1386) .‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫‪20. Bloustein, Edward.j (2007). Infill Development‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻴﻼﺕ‪ .‬ﭼﺎپ ﺳﻮﻡ‪) .‬ﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺴﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ(‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬
‫& ‪Standards and Policy Guide. School of planning‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪public policy Rutgers. New jersey: The state uni-‬‬ ‫‪ .8‬ﺷﻴﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ)‪ .(1386‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬
‫‪versity of new jersey new Brunswick.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪21. Chiesura, Anna(2004). The role of urban parks‬‬ ‫‪ .9‬ﺧﻠﻴﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪ)‪ ،(1389‬ﺩﺭﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻯ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪for the sustainable city. Landscape and Urban Plan-‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬
‫‪Urban Management‬‬ ‫‪ning. (68). 129–138.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪No.32 Automn 2013‬‬ ‫‪22. Falconer, Ryan; Newman, Peter; Giles-Corti,‬‬ ‫‪ .10‬ﻓﺘﺤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻤﻴﻪ)‪ .(1389/10/16‬ﭼﺮﺍﻍ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ‬
‫‪287‬‬ ‫‪Billie(2010). Is practice aligned with the princi-‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‪(9) .‬‬
‫‪ples? Implementing New Urbanism in Perth, West-‬‬ ‫‪ .11‬ﻓﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﻦ )‪ .(1388‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬
‫‪ern Australia. Transport Policy. (17). 287–294.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ‬
‫‪23. Ford, Larry R (1999). New urbanism and theo-‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‪.24-20 .(4) .‬‬
‫‪ries of good city form. Cities.4. 247–257.‬‬ ‫‪ .12‬ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﺳﻮﻝ؛ ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳﻤﻴﻪ) ‪ .(1387‬ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺭﺷﺪ‬
‫‪24. Franklin, Bridget, Tait, Malcolm (2002). Con-‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‪. (12) .‬‬
‫‪structing an image: the urban village concept in the‬‬ ‫‪.180-163‬‬
‫‪UK. Planing theory, 1(3), 250-272.‬‬ ‫‪ .13‬ﻛﺎﻣﺮﻭﺍ‪ ,‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﻰ( ‪ .)1386‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬
‫‪25. Hao, Pu; Sliuzas, Richard; Geertman, Stan‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﭼﺎپ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ ,‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪(2010). The development and redevelopment of‬‬ ‫‪ .14‬ﻛﻤﭙﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺕ؛ ﺳﻮﺯﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺸﺘﺎﻳﻦ )‪ .(1388‬ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ ﻯ‬
‫‪urban villages in Shenzhen. Habitat International.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ)ﺳﺪﻩ ﻯ ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ(‪ .‬ﺝ ﺍ‪) .‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻗﻮﺍﻣﻰ‬
‫‪1-11.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ(‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﺫﺭﺧﺶ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Geertman, Stan‬؛ ‪ Sliuzas, Richard‬؛‪26. Hao, Pu‬‬ ‫‪ .15‬ﻣﺪﻧﻰ ﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ )‪ .(1379‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫‪(2011). The development and redevelopment of‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ‪) .‬ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﻣﺮﺗﻀﺎﻳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫‪urban villages in Shenzhen. Habitat International.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ(‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 32‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ‪92‬‬

‫‪No.32 Automn & Winter‬‬

‫* ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ‪09124056523 :‬؛ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ahmadkhalili@ut.ac.ir :‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ‬

‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‬

‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬

‫• ﻓﺮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪276‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ :2‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ‪14‬‬

‫ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0,385‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0,379‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺒﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬

‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬

‫ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬

‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪0,287‬‬ ‫‪0,102‬‬ ‫‪0,789‬‬ ‫‪3,57‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﺯ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪﻯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬

‫ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬

‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻏﺸﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ‬

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