MONICA BEDI

Ph.D Chemistry
12+ Years of Teaching Experience
Trained Million+ students
Author - Top Ranker’s Series (TRS)
GAS LAWS
Boyle’s Law
At constant temperature, the volume of a definite mass of a gas is
inversely proportional to its pressure.

P1V1 = P2V2
P1 = first pressure
P2 = second pressure
V1 = first volume
V2 = second volume
My own Experience
Charles' Law

Charles’s law, a statement that the volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature, if the pressure remains constant.

V1/T1 = V2/T2
Gay-Lussac's law
Dependence of Pressure on Temperature
It states "at constant volume, the pressure of a given mass of a gas is directly
proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas".
P  T or P = KT
P1 P2
or 
T1 T2
Avogadro’s Law (Volume-Amount Relationship

Equal volume of all gases –under the same conditions of temperature and pressure
contain equal number of molecules.

V1 V2

n1 n2
 Can you crack it
1. An iron tank contains helium at a pressure of 3.0 atm at 27°C. The tank can
withstand a maximum pressure of 10 atm. The building in which tank has been
placed catches fire predict whether the tank will blow up first or melt, (melting
point of iron is 1535°C)
 Can you crack it

2. A plot of P vs T for a given mass of gas at constant volume is a straight line. P vs T

at constant volumes V1 and V2 for an ideal gas are shown below:

Which of the following is correct?

(a) V1 > V2 (b) V1 < V2
(c) V1 = V2 (d) V1 = 2V2
Crack the PYQ
 Can you crack it !!

4. On a ship sailing in Pacific Ocean where temperature is 23.4°C. a balloon is filled

with 2 L air. What will be the volume of the balloon when the ship reaches Indian
ocean, where temperature is 26. 1°C ?
Ideal Gas Equation
One Equation for all ideal gases
THE IDEAL GAS EQUATIONS
Units of R
1 atm  22.4 lit
(i) In lit atm R = = 0.0821 lit-atm mol–1 K–1
273K
1  76  13.6  980 dyne cm -2  22400 cm 3
(ii) In C.G.S system R =
273K
= 8.314 x 107 erg mol–1 K–1

(iii) In M.K.S. system R = 8.314 Joule mol–1 K–1 [107 erg = 1 joule]
8.314  107 erg mol-1K ?1
(iv) In calories R =
4.184  107 erg
= 1.987 ≈ 2 calorie mol–1 K–1
 Lets understand the Parameters & Units

Units R value

V P
L atm 0.0821 L atm K– mol – 1
mL atm 82.1 mL atm K– mol – 1
L bar 0.08314 L bar K– mol – 1
dm3 bar 0.08314 dm3 bar K– mol – 1
m3 Pa* 8.314 Pa m3 K– mol – 1
or N m–2 or 8.314 Nm K– mol – 1
or 8.314 J K– mol – 1

*Pa = N m–2 and Pa m3 = 1 J = 1 kg m2 s–2

 Can you crack it !!

1. A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of 2.0 L at a pressure of 0.5 bar at

40°C. Calculate the pressure if the gas is compressed to 0.225 mL at – 60C.
Can you crack it !!
2. At 25°C and 760 mm of Hg pressure, a gas occupies 500 mL volume. What
will be its pressure at a height where temperature is 10°C and volume of the
gas is 640 mL.
 Can you crack it !!
3. Calculate the mass of hydrogen (H2) present in a 500 mL sample of hydrogen
gas at a pressure of 1 bar and 27°C.
 Can you crack it !!
4. Calculate the volume occupied by 2.045 x 1023 molecules of oxygen at 270C and
having a pressure of 0.935 bar.
 Can you crack it
5. At what temperature 28 g of N2 will occupy a volume of 20 litres at 2 atm?
(a) 300.0 K (b) 487.2 K
(c) 289.6 K (d) 283.8 K
 Can you crack it

6. What is the density of CO2 at 27 °C and 2.5 atm pressure?

(a) 5.2 gL-1 (b) 6.2 g L-1
(c) 7.3 gL-1 (d) 4.46 gL-1
 Can you crack it

7. How many number of moles of nitrogen will be present in 2.24 L of nitrogen gas at
STP?

(a) 9.9 (b) 0.099

(c) 0.001 (d) 1.00
 Can you crack it

8. The drain cleaner, Drainex contains small bits of aluminium which react with
caustic soda to produce dihydrogen. What volume of dihydrogen at 20 °C and one
bar will be released when 0.15 g of aluminium reacts?

(a) 204 mL (b) 200 mL

(c) 203 mL (d) 400 mL
 Can you crack it
9. N2 + 3H2 —> 2NH3
1 mole N2 and 4 moles H2 are taken in 15L flask at 27°C. After complete conversion
of N2 into NH3, 5L of H2O is added. Pressure set up in the flask is (assume water
dissolves NH3)
3  0.0821  300 2  0.0821  300
(A) atm (B) atm
15 10

1  0.0821  300 1  0.0821  300

(C) atm (D) atm
15 10
 Can you crack it
10. An open manometer attached to a flask containing ammonia gas have no
difference in mercury level initially as shown in diagram. After sparking into the
flask, ammonia is partially dissociated as 2NH3 (g) —> N2 (g) + 3H2 (g). Now it have
difference of 18 cm in mercury level in two columns, what is partial pressure of H2
(g) at equilibrium ?

(A) 9 cm of Hg
(B) 18 cm of Hg
(C) 27 cm of Hg
(D) None of these
 Can you crack it
11. An air column closed in a tube sealed at one end by a Hg column having height h .
When the tube is placed with open end down, the height of the air column is I1. If
the tube is turned so that its open end is at the top, the height of the air column is
I2. What is the atmospheric pressure (P0)-
h  l1  l2 
(A) P0  cm of Hg
 l2  l1 
h  l1  l2 
(B) P0  cm of Hg
 l2  l1 

(C) 76 cm of Hg

h  l1  l2 
(D) P0  cm of Hg
 l1  l2 
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