TARGET JEE (MAIN/ADVANCED)

PRACTICE CatalyseR
SHEET # 01 CHEMISTRY www.catalyser.in

CHAPTER: GASEOUS STATE

TOPIC: GAS LAW

1. Three flasks of equal volumes contain CH 4 ,CO2 and Cl 2 gases respectively. They will contain equal number of molecules if -
(A) The mass of all the gases is same
(B) The moles of all the gas is same but temperature is different
(C) Temperature and pressure of all the flasks are same
(D) Temperature, pressure and masses same in the flasks

2. V versus T curves at constant pressure P1 and P2 for an ideal gas are shown in fig. Which is correct –

(A) P1  P2 (B) P1  P2 (C) P1  P2 (D) All

3. If pressure of a gas contained in a closed vessel is increased by 0.4% when heated by 1ºC its initial temperature must be -
(A) 250K (B) 250ºC (C) 2500K (D) 25ºC

4. At a constant pressure, what should be the percentage increase in the temperature in kelvin for a 10% increase in volume -
(A) 10% (B) 20% (C) 5% (D) 50%

5. Hydrogen and Argon are kept in two separate but identical vessels at constant temperature and pressure -
(A) Both contain same number of atoms.
(B) The number of atoms of argon is half that of hydrogen.
(C) The number of atoms of argon is double that of hydrogen
(D) None of these

6. Temperature of 20 lit res of nitrogen at constant pressure is increased from 100 K to 300 K, then the change in volume will
be
(A) 80 litre (B) 60 litre (C) 40 litre (D) 20 litre

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7. For a fixed mass of a gas at constant pressure, which of the following is correct -
(A) Plot of volume versus Celsius temperature is linear with intercept zero
(B) Plot of volume versus kelvin temperature is linear with a nonzero intercept
(C) Plot of V/T versus T is linear with a positive slope
(D) Plot of V/T versus T is linear with a zero slope

8. For the given isotherm for one mole of an ideal gas, which follows Boyle's law, what will be the value of temperature (R =
0.0821 ( L atm/mol / K) -

2.0

1.5

log 10 P1.0

0.5

0
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
log 10 V
–4
(A) 8.2 × 10 K (B) 1220 K (C) 947 K (D) 48 K

9. Which of the following volume (V)– temperature (T) plots represent the behaviour of one mole of an ideal gas at one
atmospheric pressure –
V(L) (38.8L, 373K) V(L) (28.6L, 373K)

(22.4L, (22.4L,
(A) (B)
273K) 273K)

T(K) T(K)

V(L) (30.6L, 373K) V(L)

(C) (22.4L, (D) (22.4L, (14.2L, 373K)

273K) 273K)

T(K) T(K)

th
10. An open vessel at 27ºC is heated until 3/5 of the air in it has been expelled. Assuming the volume of the vessel remains
constant, find the temperature to which the vessel has been heated?
(A) 477º C (B) 437ºC (C) 450ºC (D) 485ºC

11. A box of 1L capacity is divided into two equal compartments by a thin partition which are filled with 2g H2 and 16gm CH4
respectively. The pressure in each compartment is recorded as P atm. The total pressure when partition is removed will be
(A) P (B) 2P (C) P/2 (D) P/4

12. When the pressure-of 5L of N2 is doubled and its temperature is raised from 300K to 600K, the final volume of the gas
would be
(A) 10L (B) 5L (C) 15L (D) 20L

13 . 413K temperatu re on C elsius scale Fahrenh eit sc ale will man ifest at, respec tive ly
(A) 140ºC , 252ºF (B ) 140 ºC, 284 ºF (C) 40ºC, 381ºF (D) 486 ºC, 140 ºF

14 . How high a co lu mn of air wo uld be nec essary to cause the b arometer to read 76 cm of Hg , if th e
atmosphere w ere o f un iform den sity 1.2 kg / m 3 ? Th e den sity of Hg  13.6  103 Kg / m 3 .
(A) 8613 meters (B ) 8613 centimete r (C) 8.613 meter (D) 8613 mm

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15 . How much pressu re w ill be felt b y a gas b alloon wh ich at 100 m depth in a sea form sea level.
(A) 100 Pa (B ) 98 Pa (C) 9.8  105 Pa (D) 1.08  106 Pa

16 . At sim ilar conditions of temp erature and pressure three gases H e, N 2 and O 2 has same vo lu me.
Arrange all th ree gases in increasing order of No. of atoms p resen t in th e given vo lume.
(A) O 2 > N 2 > He (B ) H e > N 2 > O 2 (C) He = N 2 = O 2 (D) He < N 2 = O 2

17 . Calculate weight in g ram p resent in 1.12 × 10 –3 m 3 o f CH 4 gas at STP.

(A) 0.8 g (B ) 1.6 g (C) 1.12 g (D) 8 g

18 . Calculate vo lume occupied by 8 .8 g CO 2 g as, if 5.6 g CO gas occup ies 6 .24 L at same Temp erature
and pressure.
(A ) 22 .4 L (B ) 1.12 L (C) 4.48 L (D) 6.24 L

19 . A con tain er has SO 2 gas at 2 atm p ressure in a vesse l of V L cap ac ity, if n o. of moles of SO 2 are
doubled in the same con tain er at same temperature and vo lu me. Calc ulate n ew pressure in th e
container.
(A) 1 atm (B ) 4 atm (C) 2 atm (D) 8 atm

20. Find the lifting power of a 100 litre balloon filled with He at 730 mm and 25°C. (Density of air = 1.25 g /L).

21 . Calculate th e pressure of the g as in c m o f Hg in ea ch case (liqu id u sed is H g)

(i) (ii) (iii)

22 . Calculate th e pressure at the point A in:

3
152m  = 6.8 g/cm
A
(A) N / m2 (B ) mm of Hg (C) m o f H 2O (D) torr (E) atm

23 . A beaker of c irc ular c ross sectio n radius 4 c m is fill ed with Hg upto height 10 cm. Find the forc e exerte d
by the mercury on the bo ttom of th e beaker.

24 . Th e liquid s shown in the fig . in the two arms are mercury (specific gravity = 13.6) and water. If th e
difference o f heig hts of the merc ury columns in 2 cm. F in d th e heigh t h of th e water c olumn .

25 . A vessel of 120 cm 3 contains a certain mass o f a gas at 20ºC and 750 torr pressure. Th e g as was

transferred to a vessel of vo lume 180 cm 3 . Calc ulate th e pressure of the g as at th e same temp erature.

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 rd
26 . At what pressure, the volume would be 1/3 o f th e vo lu me occup ied by a gas under 875 mm pressure of
Hg at 15ºC? Assu me T con stant.

27 . A sample of g as at ro om temperature is p laced in an evacu ated bu lb o f vo lu me 0.51 dm3 and is found to

exert a p ressu re of 0 .24 atm . The bu lb is connec ted to ano th er evac uated bu lb whose vo lume is
0.63 dm 3 . W hat is the n ew pressure of th e gas a t ro om temperatu re?

28 . A gaseous system has a vo lume of 580 cm 3 at a c ertain pressu re. If its pressure is inc reased by 0 .96
atm, its vo lum e becomes 100 c m 3 . Determine the p ressure o f the system.

29 . Volu me of a cylin der contain in g 10 marbles and gas is 1 litre at 2 atm p ressure. No w p ressu re on th e
cylind er is inc reased to 4 atm, at wh ic h vo lu me becomes 725 ml. C alculate vo lume of each marble.
30 . A balloon b lown up with 1 mole of g as has a vo lu me of 480 mL at 5 ºC . th e balloon is filled to (7 /8 )th of
its ma ximum capac ity sugg est,
(a) W ill th e balloon burst a t 30 ºC?
(b) The m in imum temp erature at w hich it will bu rst.

31 . A gaseou s system occupies the vo lume 800 cm 3 at 22ºC at a certain pressure. T o what temperature,
the gas should be heated in order to inc rease its vo lu me by 20% k eeping the pressure constant?
32 . A gas cylin der containin g cook ing gas c an with stand a pressure of 14 .9 atmo sph ere. Th e p ressure
gauge of the cylin der ind ic ates 12 atmosphere at 2 7ºC. Due to a sudd en fire in th e build in g th e
temperatu re sta rts risin g. At what temperatu re will the cylin der exp lo de?

33 . A chamber of constan t vo lu me con tain s hyd rogen gas. W hen th e chamber is immersed in a bath of
meltin g ic e (0 ºC) th e pressure of the gas is 800 torr. W hat pressure will b e in dicated when the cham ber
is brought to 100ºC?

34 . Calculate No. o f molecules o f CH 4 and SO2 gas present in 1.12 L and 2.24 L volume, resp ective ly at STP .

35 . From 5.61 L o f SO2 gas at S TP, 6.02  1022 molecu les are removed, th an calculate mass of rema in in g gas.

END OF PRACTICE SHEET

ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
C B A A B C D B C A A
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
B B A D D A D B
20. 109.28 gm 21. (i) 10 cm of Hg (ii) 66 cm of Hg (iii) 86 cm of Hg

22. (A) 10129.28 , (B) 76000 , (C) 1033.6 , (D) 76000 , (E) 100

23. 67 N 24. 27.2 cm 25. 500 torr 26. 2625 mm 27. 0.1073 atm

28. 0.2 atm

29. Let us assume that the volume of each marble be v ml. Let the gas behave as an ideal gas. Assume that the
compression is done as an isothermal process.
P1 = 2 atm Initial volume of the gas = V1 = 1000 - 10 v ml
P2 = 4 atm V2 = 725 - 10 v ml Using Gas equation:P1V1 = P2 V2=> 2 (100 - 10v) = 4 (725 - 10v)=> 20v=
900=> v = 45 ml
30. (A) it will not burst (B) 44.67 ºC 31. 81ºC 32. 99.5ºC
33. 1093 torr 34. 3.01 1022 ,6.02  1022 . 35. 9.02  1022 .

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 TARGET JEE (MAIN/ADVANCED)
PRACTICE CatalyseR
SHEET # 02 CHEMISTRY www.catalyser.in

CHAPTER: GASEOUS STATE

TOPIC: IDEAL GAS EQUATION

Numerical Values of R
(i) In litre atmosphere = 0.0821 litre atom deg1 mole 1

(ii) In erge = 8.314 × 10 7 erg deg1 mole 1

(iii) In jouls = 8.314 × jouls deg1 mole 1

(iv) In calories = 1.937 cal deg1 mole 1
1. 8.2 L of an ideal gas weight 9.0 gm at 300 K and 1 atm pressure. The molecular mass of gas is-
(A) 9 (B) 27 (C) 54 (D) 81

2. A 0.5 dm3 flask contains gas 'A' and 1dm 3 flask contains gas 'B' at the same temperature. If density of A  3.0 gm dm 3 and

that of B  1.5 gm dm 3 and the molar mass of A = 1/2 of B, then the ratio of pressure exerted by gases is-
(A) PA / PB  2 (B) PA / PB  1 (C) PA / PB  4 (D) PA / PB  3 .

3. One litre of an unknown gas weighs 1.25 gm at N.T.P. which of the following gas pertains to the above data -
(A) CO2 (B) NO2 (C) N2 (D) O2 .

4. If the density of a gas A is 1.5 times that of B then the molecular mass of A is M. The molecular mass of B will be-
(A) 1.5 M (B) M/1.5 (C) 3M (D) M/3

5. A gas is found to have a formula CO x . If its vapour density is 70 the value of x is-
(A) 2.5 (B) 3.0 (C) 5.0 (D) 6.0
6. There is 10 litre of a gas at STP. Which of the following changes keeps the volume constant-
(A) 273 K and 2 atm (B) 273ºC and 2 atm (C) 546ºC and 0.5 atm (D) 0ºC and 0 atm
7. The density of oxygen gas at 25ºC is 1.458 mg/litre at one atmosphere. At what pressure will oxygen have the density
twice the value-
(A) 0.5 atm/25ºC (B) 2 atm/25ºC (C) 4 atm/25ºC (D) None
8. A 2.24L cyclinder of oxygen at N.T.P. is found to develop a leakage. When the leakage was plugged the pressure dropped
to 570 mm of Hg. The number of moles of gas that escaped will be -
(A) 0.025 (B) 0.050 (C) 0.075 (D) 0.09Q
9. A certain mass of a gas occupies a volume of 21itres at STP. Keeping the pressure constant at what temperature would
the gas occupy a volume of 4 litres
(A) 546°C (B) 273°C (C) 100°C (D) 50°C

10. In a closed flask of 5litres, 1.0 gm of H2 is heated from 300 to 600 K. Which statem.ent is not correct
(A) Pressure of the gas increases (B) The rate of collision increases
(C) The number of moles of gas increases (D) The energy of gaseous molecules increases.
11. A balloon is filled with I gm of He and had a radius of 10 cm. after some time 0.27 gm of He the effused out from the
balloon. If pressure & temp. remains constant what would be the radious of balloon now –
(A) 9.5 (B) 9.0 (C) 8.0 (D) 6.5

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12. The value of RT for 5.6 L of ideal gas at STP is reported to be x times the value of PV. The value of x is -
(A) 2 (B) 0.25 (C) 1 (D) 4
13. A 2.24L cylinder of oxygen at N.T.P. is found to develop a leakage. When the leakage was plugged the pressure dropped to
570 mm of Hg. The number of moles of gas that escaped will be -
(A) 0.025 (B) 0.050 (C) 0.075 (D) 0.09
–1
14. An evacuated glass vessel weighs 50 g when empty; 148 g when filled with a liquid of density 0.98 g mL and 50.5 g
when filled with ideal gas at 760 mm Hg at 300 K. Determine the molecular weight of the gas?
(A) 123.15 (B) 124.20 (C) 122.33 (D) 144.32

15 . A gas at 0ºC and 1 atm pressure occup ies 2.5 litre . W hat ch ang e in temp erature would be n ecessary if
the pressure is to b e adjusted to 1 .5 atm and th e gas has b een transferred to a 2.0 litre container?

16 . 3.7 gm of a g as at 25ºC occupied the same vo lume as 0 .184 gm of h ydrog en at 17°C and at th e same
pressure. W hat is the mo lecular mass of the g as?
17 . An under water bubb le w ith a radius o f 0.5 cm at the botto m o f tank , where the temp erature is 5ºC and
pressure is 3 atm rises to th e surface, where temperature is 25ºC and pressure is 1 atm. W h at w ill b e
the radius o f bubble wh en it reac hes to su rfac e?

18 . Th e den sity o f a gas is 0.259 g /mL at 400 K and 190 to rr. F in d its molar mass.
19 . A gas occupies 0.418 litre at 7 40 mm of Hg and 27ºC. Calc ulate:
(a) Its vo lume at STP (b ) Molecu lar we ig ht if g as weig hs 3.0 g
(c) New p ressu re o f gas if th e weight of g as is increased to 7.5 g and temperature becomes 280 K
(d) The vo lume o f vessel a t 300 K

20 . A balloon filled w ith helium raises to a certain heig ht at which it g ets fu lly infla ted to a volume of 1 105
litre. If at th is a ltitu de temperatu re and atmospheric pressu re is 268 K and 2  10 3 atm respec tively, w hat
weigh t of helium is required to fu ll y inflated th e ball oon?
21 . Con sider th e arrangement of bulbs shown below:

1.0 L 1.0 L 0.5 L

N2 Ne H2
635 mm 212 mm 418 mm

W hat is th e pressure of the system wh en all the sto pcock s are opened?

22 . A glass bulb of vo lume 400 cm 3 is c onnected to another bulb of volume 200 cm 3 by means of a tu be of
neglig ib le vo lume. The bu lbs contain d ry a ir and are both at a common temp erature and pressure of
20 ºC and 1.00 atm. Th e larg er bu lb is immersed in steam at 100ºC; the smaller, in meltin g ic e at 0 ºC.
Find the final common pressure.
END OF PRACTICE SHEET

ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
B C C B C B B A B C
11 12 13 14
B D A A
15. 327.6 K 16. 41.33 17. 0.74 cm 18. 34.02

19. (A) 0.37 litre (B) 181.55 (C) 2.27 atm (D) 0.418 litre

20. 36.36 g 21. 0.56 atm 22. 1.13 atm

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 TARGET JEE (MAIN/ADVANCED)
PRACTICE CatalyseR
SHEET # 03 CHEMISTRY www.catalyser.in

CHAPTER: GASEOUS STATE

TOPIC: DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURE & GRAHAM’S LAW OF DIFFUSION

Graham’s Law of Diffusion

1
r , at constant P and T
M
Volume diffused(V) moles diffused(n)
r 
time taken time taken
dis tance travelledinanarrow tube of uniform cross  sec tionalarea(x)
r
time taken

DALTON’S LAW The total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of their partial pressures.
Volume of the gas
Partial pressure of a gas in the mixture   P Pressure of dry gas = atmospheric pressure –aqueous tension
Total Volume
1. A cylinder is filled with a gaseous mixture containing equal masses of CO and N2 . The ratio of their partial pressure is-
(A) PN 2  PCO (B) PCO  0.875PN 2 (C) PCO  2PN 2 (D) PCO  PN 2 .

2. At room temperature Dalton's law of partial pressure is not applicable to -

(A) H 2 and N2 mixture (B) H2 and Cl 2 mixture (C) H2 and CO2 mixture (D) None

3. Equal masses of SO2 , CH 4 and O2 are mixed in empty container at 298 K, when total pressure is 2.1 atm. The partial
pressures of CH4 in the mixture is -
(A) 0.5 atm (B) 0.75 atm (C) 1.2 atm (D) 0.6 atm

4. Air contains 79% N2 and 21% O2 by volume. If the pressure is 750 mm of Hg, the partial pressure of O2 is -
(A) 157.5 mm of Hg (B) 175.5 mm of Hg (C) 315.0 mm of Hg (D) 257.5 mm of Hg

5. A gas 'A' having molecular weight 4 diffuses thrice as fast as the gas B. The molecular weight of gas B is-
(A) 36 (B) 12 (C) 18 (D) 24

6. The increasing order of effusion among the gases, H2 ,O2 , NH3 and CO2 is-

(A) H 2 ,CO2 , NH 3 ,O2 (B) H 2 , NH3 ,O2 ,CO2 (C) H2 ,O2 , NH3 ,CO2 (D) CO2 ,O2 , NH3 , H2 .

7. The rate of diffusion of methane at a given temperature is twice that of a gas X. The molecular weight of X is -
(A) 64 (B) 32 (C) 4 (D) 8

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8. A gas X diffuses three times faster than another gas Y the ratio of their densities i.e., Dx : Dy is-

1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) .
3 9 6 12

9. In which of the following pairs the gaseous species diffuse through a porous plug with the same rate of diffusion -
(A) NO, CO (B) NO,CO2 (C) NH 3 , PH 3 (D) NO,C2H6 .

10. A balloon filled with methane CH 4  is pricked with a sharp point and quickly plunged into a tank of hydrogen at the same
pressure. After sometime, the balloon will have -
(A) Enlarged (B) Shrinked
(C) Remain unchanged in size (D) Ethylene C2H 4  inside it

11. The partial pressure of hydrogen in a flask containing 2gm of H2 & 32gm of SO2 is -
1 1
(A) of total pressure (B) of total pressure
16 2
2 1
(C) of total pressure (D) of total pressure.
3 8

12. The rate of diffusion of hydrogen is about -

(A) One half that of He (B) 1.4 times that of He
(C) Twice that of He (D) Four times that of He

13. What should be the partial pressure of H 2 in a flask, if 2.016 gram of H 2 and 16.0 gram of O2 are present in it?
(A) 1/8 of total pressure (B) 1/6 of total pressure
(C) 1/4 of total pressure (D) 2/3 or total pressure

14. Four rubber tubes are respectively filled with H2 ,O2 , N2 and He. The tube which will be reinflated first is

(A) H 2 filled tube (B) O2 filled tube (C) N2 filled tube (D) He filled tube

15. A vessel has two equal compartmemts A and B containing H 2 and O2 respectively, each at 1 atm pressure. If the wall
separating the compartment is removed, the pressure
(A) Will remain unchanged in A and B (B) Will increase in A and decrease in B
(C) Will decrease in A and increase in B (D) Will increase in both A and B

16. A dry gas occupies 136.5 cm 3 at S.T.P. If the same mass of the gas is collected over water at 27°C at a total pressure of
725 Torr, what volume does it occupy? The vapour pressure of water at 27°C is 25 Torr -
(A) 157.3 cm3 (B) 162.9cm3 (C) 159.2cm 3 (D) 160.9 cm 3 .

17. A gas with formula Cn H2 n  2 diffuses through the porous plug at a rate one sixth of the rate of diffusion of hydrogen gas
under similar conditions. The formula of gas is –
(A) C2H6 (B) C10 H22 (C) C5H12 (D) C6H14 .

18. A certain amount of an unknown gas occupied 900 ml at 27ºC and 1.2 atm while the same amount of hydrogen occupied
1.4 L at 45ºC and 1.2 atm. Calculate the ratio of rate of diffusion of hydrogen and gas under identical condition –
(A) 3 :2 2 (B) 1: 1.46 (C) 3:2 (D) 1.46

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19 . Equal weights o f CH 4 and O2 are m ixed in an emp ty c on tain er o f one litre at 27ºC. C alculate

(a) The fraction of to ta l pressu re exerted b y O2

(b) The total pressure if th e weigh ts o f gases are 3 2 g each

20 . Two g ases A and B having mo lecular weigh ts 60 and 45 respec tively are enc lo sed in a ve ssel. The wt.
of A is 0.50 g and that of B is 0.2 g . The total pressure o f the mixture is 750 mm. Calcu late p artia l
pressure of th e two g ases.

21 . 5 litre o f N2 under a p ressu re o f 2 atm, 2 litre o f O2 at 5 .5 atm and 3 litre of CO2 at 5 atm are mixed . The
resu ltan t vo lum e o f th e mixtu re is 1 5 litre. C alculate th e total p re ssure o f th e mixture and p artial
pressure of eac h con stitu ent.

22 . A 10 litre flask at 298 K con tain s a gaseou s mixture o f CO and CO2 at a total pressure of 2 atm. If 0 .2 0
mole of CO is p re sen t, find its partia l pressure an d also that of CO2 .

23 . 1500 mL fla sk contains 4 00 mg O2 and 60 mg H2 at 100 ºC.

(a) W hat is th e total pressure in th e flask?
(b) If the mixture is p erm itted to reac t to form water vap our at 100 ºC , what w ill be their p artial
pressures?

24 . 32 cc of hydrogen diffuses through a fine hole in 1 minute. W hat volume o f CO2 will d iffu se in 1 minute
under th e same c ond ition s?

25 . 180 mL of a hydroc arbon diffu se s th rough a po rous memb rane in 15 minutes while 120 mL of SO2 under
iden tica l cond itions d iffuse s in 20 minutes. W hat is th e molec ular mass of th e h yd rocarbon?

26 . At room temperature, ammonia g as at one atmospheric pressure an d h ydrog en chloride at P

atmospheric pressure are allo wed to effu se th ro ugh identic al p in holes from oppo site ends o f a glass
tube o f one metre len gth and o f un iform cross reaction. NH 4Cl is first formed at a distan ce o f 60 cm from
the end th rough wh ic h HCl gas is sent in. W hat is the value o f P ?

27 . Th e rate of effusio n of an unknown g as (X) through a p in hole is found to be 0 .279 times th e rate of
effusion o f hydrogen g as through th e same p in hole, if both are at STP. W hat is th e molecular mass of
the unknown gas?

28. If a 2 m long narrow tube, HCl is a llow ed to diffuse in the tub e from on e end and NH3 fro m the o th er end.
If diffusion is started at the same tim e, pred ic t at what po in t the white fu mes o f NH 4Cl will form?

END OF PRACTICE SHEET

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 ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A B C A A D A B D A
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
C B D A A B C D
19. (A) 1/3 (B) 73.89 atm 20. 489.23 mm (B) 260.77 mm

21. P M = 2.4 atm, P N2 = 0.667 atm, P O2 = 0.733 atm, P CO2 = 1 atm

22. PP of CO = 0.49 atm, PP of CO 2 = 1.51 atm

23. (A) 0.867 atm (B) 0.102 atm, 0.51 atm 24. 6.82 cc

25. M = 16 26. 2.198 atm 27. 25.69

28. NH 4 Cl will form at 1.186 m from the NH 3 end of the tube

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 TARGET JEE (MAIN/ADVANCED)
PRACTICE CatalyseR
SHEET # 04 CHEMISTRY www.catalyser.in

CHAPTER: GASEOUS STATE

TOPIC: KINETIC THEORY OF GAS & MOLECULAR VELOCITY

2RT 8RT 3RT 8

Umpv : Uav : Urms :: : :  2: : 3  1: 1.128 : 1.224
M M M 
Kenetic Energy of gas sample:
3 R 3
(i) Average kinetic energy of a single molecule  . .T  KT
2 N 2
K = boltzman constant  1.38  1023 J / deg
3
(ii) Total Kinetic Energy for one mole of gas  RT
8
3
(iii) Kinetic Energy for n mol of gas  n  RT
2
1. Which is not correct in terms of kinetic theory of gases-
(A) Gases are made up of small particles called molecules
(B) The molecules are in random motion
(C) When molecules collide, they lose energy
(D) When the gas is heated, the molecules moves faster

2. Which one of the following gases would have the highest R.M.S. velocity at 25ºC -
(A) Oxygen (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Sulphur dioxide (D) Carbon monoxide.

3. By how many folds the temp of a gas would increase when the r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in a closed container of
fixed volume is increased from 5  10 4 cm s 1 to 10  10 4 cm s 1 –
(A) 0.5 times (B) 2 times (C) 4 times (D) 16 times.

4. At S.T.P. the order of mean square velocity of molecules H 2 , N2 , O2 and HBr is–
(A) H 2  N2  O2  HBr (B) HBr  O2  N2  H2 (C) HBr  H2  O2  N2 (D) N2  O2  H2  HBr .

5. Most probable speed, average speed and RMS speed are related as -
(A) 1 : 1.128 : 1.224 (B) 1 : 1.128 : 1.424 (C) 1 : 2.128 : 1.224 (D) 1 : 1.428 : 1.442

6. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas in a closed container of fixed volume is increased from 5  104 cm s 1 to

10  10 4 cm s 1 . Which of the following statements might correctly explain how the change accomplished -
(A) By heating the gas, the temperature is doubled (B) By heating the gas, the pressure is made four times
(C) By heating the gas, the volume is tripled (D) By heating the gas, the pressure is doubled.

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 11

7. If a gas is expanded at constant temperature-
(A) Number of molecules of the gas decreases (B) The kinetic energy of the molecule decreases
(C) The kinetic energy of the molecules remains the same (D) The kinetic energy of the molecules increases

8. Two flasks X and Y have capacity 1L and 2L respectively and each of them contains 1 mole of a gas. The temperature of
the flask are so adjusted that average speed of molecules in X is twice as those in Y. The pressure in flask X would be -
(A) Same as that in Y (B) Half of that in Y (C) Twice of that in Y (D) 8 times of that in Y

9. Helium atom is twice times heavier than a hydrogen molecule. At 25ºC the average K.E. of helium atom is -
(A) Twice that of hydrogen (B) Same as that of hydrogen
(C) Four times that of hydrogen (D) Half that of hydrogen
10. At what temperature will be total kinetic energy (KE) of 0.30 mole of He be the same as the total KE of 0.40 mole of Ar at
400K-
(A) 400K (B) 373 K (C) 533K (D) 300 K

11. Four particles have speed 2,3,4 and 5 cm/s respectively. Their rms speed is -
(A) 3.5cm/s (B) (27/2) cm/s (C) 54 cm/s (D)  
54 / 2 cm / s

12. Average velocity is equal to -

(A) 0.9213 RMS velocity (B) 0.9 RMS velocity
(C) 0.9602 RMS velocity (D) 0.9813 RMS velocity

13. The free path of a gas molecule is the distance

(A) Between the two opposite walls of the container
(B) Which molecules travel inone second
(C) Through which a molecule moves between two successive collisions
(D) None of these

14. With increase of pressure, the mean free path

(A) Decreases (B) Increases (C) Becomes zero (D) Remains same

15. If the collision frequency of a gas at 1 atm pressure is Z then its collision frequency at 0.5 atm. is
(A) 1.0Z (B) 0.707Z (C) 2Z (D) 0.50 Z

16. The total kinetic energy of 0.6 mol of an ideal gas at 27° C is -
(A) 1122 J (B) 1681 J (C) 2245 J (D) 2806 J

17 . Calculate th e tem perature at wh ich th e root mean square sp eed o f SO2 mo lecu les is the same as that of
oxygen at 2 7ºC.

18 . A gas h as a density of 1.2504g / ml at 0ºC and a pressu re of 1 atm. calculate the rms, average and the
most prob able sp eeds of its molec ules at 0ºC.

19 . Th e k inetic molecu lar theo ry attrib utes an averag e k inetic energ y of 3/2 KT to each partic le . W hat rms
sp eed would a mist partic le of mass 1012 gm have at room temp erature (27 °C) according to the k in etic
molec ular theory?

20 . Compute rms speed of (i) O2 at 15ºC and 77 cm pressure, (ii) NH3 molecules at NTP and (iii) average

sp eed o f CH 4 at 500 ºC.

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 12

21 . At what temperature wou ld the mo st pro bable speed of CO molecu les be tw ice that at 0 ºC?

22 . Calculate the room mean square speed, to tal an d a verag e tran slatio nal kinetic energ y in joule of th e
molec ules in 8 g methane at 27 ºC.

23 . Two bulbs A and B equ al c apacity are filled w ith He and SO2 respec tive ly, a t th e same temperature.

(i) If th e pressure in two bulbs is same, c alculate ratio o f urms for them.

(ii) At what temperature, veloc ity of SO2 becomes half of the speed of He mo lecu le s at 2 7 ºC.
(iii) How will the speeds be effec ted if vo lum e of B becom es four times.
(iv) How will the speeds be effec ted if half o f the molecules o f SO2 are removed fro m B .

24 . Two flask s A and B have equ al vo lumes. Flask A con tain s H 2 at 27 ºC while B con tain s equ al mass of

C2H 6 at 627ºC. In which fla sk and by how many times are molecu les mo vin g faster? A ssume id eal gas
natu re for b oth.

25. Compare th e rms speed of O2 at 27ºC and 54 ºC . Also fin d th e temperature at wh ich rms speed of O2 is
doubled to that of 2 7ºC .

END OF PRACTICE SHEET

ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C D C A A B C D B C
11 12 13 14 15 16
D A C A B C

17 . 600 K

18. 4.93  10 4 cm / sec, 4.59  10 4 cm / sec, 4.03  104 cm / sec

19. 0.35 cm/sec 20. 47.3  103 cm / sec, 6.8  104 cm / sec,10.9 cm / sec .

21. 819ºC 22. 6.84  10 4 cm / sec,1871.42 J, 62.14  10 22 J .

23. (i) = 4 (ii) T = 1200 K (iii) no effect (iv) no effect

24. 2.237 : 1 25. 0.958 : 1, 9 27ºC

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 13

 TARGET JEE (MAIN/ADVANCED)
PRACTICE CatalyseR
SHEET # 05 CHEMISTRY www.catalyser.in

CHAPTER: GASEOUS STATE

TOPIC: REAL GAS, VANDER WAALS EQUATION

Vander Waals Equation
 n2a 
 P  2   V  nb  nRT  where a and b are constants characteristic of a gas.
 V 

The constant a and b:

i) For a given gas Vander Waal’s constant of attraction ‘a’ is always greater than Vander Waals constant of volume b.
ii) The gas having higher value of ‘a’ can be liquified easily and therefore H2 and He are not liquified easily.
2 –2 –1
iii) The units of a = litre atmmole and that of b = litre mole
iv) The numerical values of a and b are in the order of 10 to 10–2 and 10–2 to 10–4 respectively.
–1

1. The term that accounts for intermolecular force in vander Waal's equation for non ideal gas is -
1
(A) RT (B) V–b (C) P  a / V 
2
(D) RT  .

2. The critical temperature of a substance is–

(A) The temperature above which the substance undergoes decomposition
(B) The temperature above which a substance can exist only as a gas
(C) Boiling point of the substance
(D) All are wrong

3. Molecular attraction and size of the molecules in a gas are negligible at -

(A) Critical point (B) High pressure
(C) High temperature and low pressure (D) Low temperature and high pressure

4. For H2 gas, the compressibility factor, Z = PV/n RT is -

(A) equal to 1 (B) equal to 0 (C) always greater than 1
(D) initially less than 1 and then becomes greater than 1 at high pressures

5. The Van der Waal’s parameters for gases W, X, Y and Z are -

Gas a(atm L2 mol2 ) b(Lmol1 )
W 4.0 0.027
X 8. 0 0.030
Y 6. 0 0.032
Z 12.0 0.027

Which one of these gases has the highest critical temperature?

(A) W (B) X (C) Y (D) Z

6. The correct relationship between TC ,TB and Ti is -

(A) TC  TB  Ti (B) TC  TB  Ti (C) TC  Ti  TB (D) Ti  TB  TC .

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 14

7. If the Vander Waal’s constants of gas A are given as -
a (atm L2 mol 2 ) = 6.5
–1
b (L mol ) 0.056
than ciritical pressure of A is
(A) 56.24 atm (B) 76.77 atm (C) 42.44 atm (D) 36.42 atm

8. If temperature and volume are same, the pressure of a gas obeying Vander Waals equation is -
(A) Smaller than that of an ideal gas (B) Larger than that of an ideal gas
(C) Same as that of an ideal gas (D) None of these

9. At relatively high pressure, Vander Waals equation reduces to - (For 1 mole)

2
(A) PV = RT (B) PV = RT - a/V (C) PV = RT + Pb (D) PV = RT - a/ V

10. Which of the following gases is adsorbed strongly by charcoal

(A) CO (B) N2 (C) H2 (D) NH3

11. Which of the following expressions of compression factor Z (= pVm / RT) of a real gas is applicable at high pressure -

(A) Z  1  a / Vm RT (B) Z  1  a / Vm RT (C) Z  1  pb / RT (D) Z  1  pb / RT .

12. The values of critical temperature TC  and critical pressure  PC  for some gases are given below. Which of the gases can
not be liquefied at 100 K and 50 atm?
Gases (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
PC (atm) 2.2 14 35 45
TC (K) 5.1 33 127 140
(A) (iv) only (B) (i) only (C) (i) and (ii) (D) (iii) and (iv)

13. Two gases have same value of ‘a’ but different value of ‘b’ therefore which of the following is/are correct?
(A) Both the gases have equally compressible
(B) Both the gases are incompressible
(C) Gas having greater value of ‘b’ is more compressible
(D) Gas having lesser value of b is more compressible

14. The critical constants PC & TC for methane are 45 atm and 189 K. The correct statement is -
(A) VC = 2.4 L (B) b = 0.04 L/mol (C) VC = 0.8 L (D) b = 0.8 L/mol

15. For a vessel at 1832 K containing 10 moles of steam at 50 atm. volume would be
2 –2 –1
(Given: a = 5.46 atm. L mol , b = 0.031 L mol ) -
(A) 10 L (B) 20 L (C) 30 L (D) 40 L
 V 
16. The behaviour of a real gas is usually depicted by plotting compression factor Z   real  versus P at a constant
 Videal 
temperature. At hight temperature and high pressure, Z, is usually more than one. This fact can be explained by
vanderwaals equation when-
(A) The constant ‘a’ is negligible and not ‘b’
(B) The constant ‘b’ is negligible and not ‘a’
(C) Both the constant ‘a’ and ‘b’ are negligible
(D) Both the constants ‘a’ and ‘b’ are not negligible

bP
17. The compressibility factor for a real gas is expressed by, z = 1 + .The value of b at 500 K and 600 bar is 0.0169 L/mol.
RT
Therefore the molar volume of the gas at 500 K and 600 bar is –
(A) 0.1 L/mol (B) 9  105 L / mol (C) 8.62  10 2 L / mol (D) 1.65 L/mol

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 15

18. A gas obeys the equation of state P Vm  b   RT . The slope for an isochore will be –

R
(A) Negative (B) Zero (C) (D) R/P
(Vm  b )

19. Which of the following expressions between the van der Waals constant b and the radius r of spherical molecules is correct
4  4  4  4 
(A) b =   r 3  NA (B) b =  r3  (C) b = 2   r 3  NA (D) b = 4   r 3  NA
 3   3   3   3 

20. Graph shows variation of Z-(compressibility factor) with pressure

Z
Z=1 P

Gas can be-

(A) H2 (B) CO2 (C) He (D) None of these

 a 
21. At low pressures, van der Waals' equation is written as  P  2  V = RT. The compressibility factor is then equal to -
 V 
 a   RTV   a   RTV 
(A)  1  RTV  (B) 1 a  (C)  1  RTV  (D) 1 a 
       

22 . A real g as ob eyin g van der waal eq uation will resem ble id eal gas if th e
(A) constan ts a and b are neglig ibly small (B) a is large and b is small
(C) a is small and b is large (D) con stant a and b are large

23 . Th e comp ressib ility fac to r of rea l gas is usually greater th an on e (Z > 1) at h igh temp erature and high
pressure. This is becau se
(A) th e constan t a is neg ligib le wh ile b is no t (B) th e con stant b is n egligible while a is not
(C) bo th a and b are neg lig ib le (D) both a and b are no neglig ib le

24 . Fo r th ree d ifferent g ases va lu es of van der W aal’s constant ‘a’ and ‘b’ are given. W hat is th e correc t
order of liquefaction of gases :
Gases a b
X2 1.3 0.090
Y2 4.1 0.023
Z2 2.,2 0.075
(A) X 2  Y2  Z2 (B ) Y2  Z2  X 2 (C) Z2  Y2  X 2 (D) X 2  Z2  Y2 .

25 . W hat is not true abou t th e vander waal constant ‘b’ among th e statements given b elow?
I. It is called exc lud ed vo lu me II. It accoun ts for th e in terp article forces
–3
III. Its u nits are mo l dm IV . Its va lu e dep end s on mo lecular size
(A) I, II (B ) II, IV (C) II, III (D) I, IV

26 . Among the four statemen ts g iven below fo r real gases, which are incorrect :
(A) The molecu les causes attrac tive in terac tio ns. (B) They show devia tion from id eal gas laws.
(C) The molecu les are almost vo lu me less p oints. (D) The mo lecules have neg lig ib le mass.

27 . Vander W aal’s constan t for three diffe rent g ases are given
Gas a b
X 3.0 0.025
Y 10.0 0.030
Z 6.0 0.035
W hich is co rrec t?
(A) Maximu m critical temperature – Y (B) Most id eal beh avio ur – X
(C) Maximu m molecu lar vo lume – Z (D) All are co rrect

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 16

28 . W rite T if th e statemen t is true & F if the statement is false .
a. A gas w ith a = 0 can be ve ry easil y liq uefied.
b. Mean free p ath in creases with th e in crease in temperature at c onstant p ressure.
c. The beh aviou r of a real g as ap proach id eal gas at hig h temperature & lo w pressure.
d. Real gases devia te form id eal beh avio ur because their molecu les cause attract ive interac tion on
on e ano th er.

END OF PRACTICE SHEET

ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C B C C D A B A C D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
C C D B C A C C D B
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
(a) false (b) true
A A A B C CD D
(c) true (d) true

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 17

CHEMISTRY
CONTENT

Gaseous State

Aimed at School Examinations

 STATES OF MATTER

Q.1 What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm 3 of air at 1 bar to 200

dm3 at 30°C?
Sol Given,
Initial pressure, p1 = 1 bar

Initial volume, V1 = 500 dm3

Final volume, V2 = 200 dm3

Since the temperature remains constant, the final pressure (p2) can be calculated using
Boyle’s law.
According to Boyle’s law,

Therefore, the minimum pressure required is 2.5 bar.

Q.2 A vessel of 120 mL capacity contains a certain amount of gas at 35 °C and 1.2 bar pressure.
The gas is transferred to another vessel of volume 180 mL at 35 °C. What would be its
pressure?

Sol Given,
Initial pressure, p1 = 1.2 bar
Initial volume, V1 = 120 mL
Final volume, V2 = 180 mL
Since the temperature remains constant, the final pressure (p2) can be calculated using
Boyle’s law.
According to Boyle’s law,

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 20

Q.3 The drain cleaner, Drainex contains small bits of aluminum which react with caustic soda
to produce dihydrogen. What volume of dihydrogen at 20 °C and one bar will be released
when 0.15g of aluminum reacts?

Sol The reaction of aluminium with caustic soda can be represented as:

At STP (273.15 K and 1 atm), 54 g (2 × 27 g) of Al gives 3 × 22400 mL of H 2..

0.15 g Al gives i.e., 186.67 mL of H2.

At STP,

Let the volume of dihydrogen be at p2 = 0.987 atm (since 1 bar = 0.987 atm) and T2 =
20°C = (273.15 + 20) K = 293.15 K..

Therefore, 203 mL of dihydrogen will be released.

Q.4 What will be the pressure exerted by a mixture of 3.2 g of methane and 4.4 g of carbon
dioxide contained in a 9 dm3 flask at 27 °C ?

Sol It is known that,

For methane (CH4),

For carbon dioxide (CO2),

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 21

 Given,

The density (d2) of the gas at STP can be calculated using the equation,

Hence, the density of the gas at STP will be 3 g dm–3.

Q.5 A student forgot to add the reaction mixture to the round bottomed flask at 27 °C but
instead he/she placed the flask on the flame. After a lapse of time, he realized his mistake,
and using a pyrometer he found the temperature of the flask was 477 °C. What fraction
of air would have been expelled out?

Sol Let the volume of the round bottomed flask be V.

Then, the volume of air inside the flask at 27° C is V.
Now,
V1 = V
T1 = 27°C = 300 K V2
=?
T2 = 477° C = 750 K
According to Charles’s law,

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 22

Q.6 Calculate the temperature of 4.0 mol of a gas occupying 5 dm3 at 3.32 bar.

(R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1 mol–1).

Sol Given, n = 4.0 mol

3
V = 5 dm
p = 3.32 bar R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1 mol–1

The temperature (T) can be calculated using the ideal gas equation as:

Q.7 Calculate the total pressure in a mixture of 8 g of dioxygen and 4 g of dihydrogen confined
in a vessel of 1 dm3 at 27°C. R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1 mol–1.

Sol Given,

Mass of dioxygen (O2) = 8 g

Thus, number of moles of

Mass of dihydrogen (H2) = 4 g

Thus, number of moles of

Therefore, total number of moles in the mixture = 0.25 + 2 = 2.25 mole
Given, V = 1 dm 3 n = 2.25 mol R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1 mol–1 T = 27°C = 300 K
Total pressure (p) can be calculated as: pV
= nRT

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 23

Q.8 Pay load is defined as the difference between the mass of displaced air and the mass of
the balloon. Calculate the pay load when a balloon of radius 10 m, mass 100 kg is filled
with helium at 1.66 bar at 27°C. (Density of air = 1.2 kg m –3 and R = 0.083 bar dm3 K–1
mol–1).

Sol Given,
Radius of the balloon, r = 10 m

Volume of the balloon

Thus, the volume of the displaced air is 4190.5 m3.

Given,

Density of air = 1.2 kg m–3

Then, mass of displaced air = 4190.5 × 1.2 kg
= 5028.6 kg
Now, mass of helium (m) inside the balloon is given by,

Now, total mass of the balloon filled with helium = (100 + 1117.5) kg
= 1217.5 kg
Hence, pay load = (5028.6 – 1217.5) kg
= 3811.1 kg
Hence, the pay load of the balloon is 3811.1 kg.

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 24

Q.9 2.9 g of a gas at 95 °C occupied the same volume as 0.184 g of dihydrogen at 17 °C, at
the same pressure. What is the molar mass of the gas?

Sol Volume (V) occupied by dihydrogen is given by,

Let M be the molar mass of the unknown gas. Volume (V) occupied by the unknown gas
can be calculated as:

According to the question,

Hence, the molar mass of the gas is 40 g mol –1.

Q.10 A mixture of dihydrogen and dioxygen at one bar pressure contains 20% by weight of
dihydrogen. Calculate the partial pressure of dihydrogen.

Sol Let the weight of dihydrogen be 20 g and the weight of dioxygen be 80 g.

Then, the number of moles of dihydrogen, and the number of moles

of dioxygen, .
Given,
Total pressure of the mixture, ptotal = 1 bar
Then, partial pressure of dihydrogen,

Hence, the partial pressure of dihydrogen is .

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 25

Q.11 In terms of Charles’ law explain why –273°C is the lowest possible temperature.

Sol Charles’ law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature.

It was found that for all gases (at any given pressure), the plots of volume vs. temperature
(in °C) is a straight line. If this line is extended to zero volume, then it intersects the
temperature-axis at – 273°C. In other words, the volume of any gas at – 273°C is zero.
This is because all gases get liquefied before reaching a temperature of – 273°C. Hence,
it can be concluded that – 273°C is the lowest possible temperature.

Q.12 Critical temperature for carbon dioxide and methane are 31.1 °C and –81.9 °C
respectively. Which of these has stronger intermolecular forces and why?

Sol Higher is the critical temperature of a gas, easier is its liquefaction. This means that the
intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecules of a gas are directly proportional
to its critical temperature. Hence, intermolecular forces of attraction are stronger in the
case of CO2.

Q.13 Explain the physical significance of Van der Waals parameters.

Sol Physical significance of ‘a’:

‘a’ is a measure of the magnitude of intermolecular attractive forces within a gas.

Physical significance of ‘b’:
‘b’ is a measure of the volume of a gas molecule.

CatalyseR Eduventures (India) Pvt. Ltd. 26