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SCH3UI Name: __Answers____

Gases and Atmospheric Chemistry Practice Test

27 questions, 75 marks
Part A: Multiple Choice (15 marks)
For the following questions, choose the best answer. Transfer your answers to the SCANTRON provided.

1. When a sealed 2 L flask is heated, what happens to the gas molecules?

a. They move closer together. c. They collide more often with the sides of the flask.
b. Their kinetic energy decreases. d. They decrease their molecular motion.

2. Which of the following are characteristics of gases?

I. They have a variable shape. II. They are compressible.
III. They have a constant volume. IV. They have a high viscosity.
a. I and II c. I and IV
b. I, II, and III d. II and III

3. Which type of intermolecular force is considered to be the weakest force that influences the
state of matter?
a. electrostatic forces c. hydrogen bonding
b. dipole-dipole force d. dispersion forces

4. Which of the following gases would have the highest density at the same temperature,
pressure, and volume?
a. H2 c. CO2
b. CClF3 d. C2H6

5. A sample of an ideal gas has its volume doubled while its temperature remains constant. If
the original pressure was 100 kPa, what is the new pressure?
a. 10 kPa c. 100 kPa
b. 50 kPa d. 200 kPa

6. Which of the following represents the lowest pressure?

a. 1.5 atm c. 200 kPa
b. 650 mmHg d. 900 torr

7. According to Boyle’s law, a gas will have a decreased ____________ if the pressure is
increased.
a. volume c. pressure
b. temperature d. mass

8. The pressure of a gas sample was measured to be 654 mmHg. What is the pressure in kPa?
a. 87.2 kPa c. 8.72 x 104 kPa
b. 118 kPa d. 8.72 x 107 kPa

9. Which of the following formulas best describes Charles’ law?

a. c.

b. d. P1V1 = P2V2

10. A gas occupies 200 mL at 300 K. What will its volume be at 400 K if the pressure remains
constant?
a. c.

b. d. (200 mL)(300 K)(400 K)

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11. What volume will be occupied by 40.2 g of neon gas at STP?
a. 11.2 L c. 33.6 L
b. 22.4 L d. 44.8 L

12. Hydrogen gas was collected over water at a temperature of 25°C, and the pressure of the
room was 786 mmHg. If the vapour pressure of water at 25°C is 25 mmHg, what is the
partial pressure of hydrogen gas at this temperature?
a. 25 mmHg c. 811 mmHg
b. 786 mmHg d. 761 mmHg

13. A gas has a density at STP of 3.21 g/L. The most reasonable formula for this gas is
a. Ne c. CO2
b. O2 d. Cl2
14. Propane, C3H8, burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. What volume of oxygen is
required to burn 3.00 L of gaseous propane measured at the same temperature and pressure?
a. 3 L c. 9 L
b. 6 L d. 15 L

15. A tank contains a mixture of helium, neon, and argon gases. If the total pressure in the tank
is 65.3 kPa and the partial pressures of helium and neon are 28.7 kPa and 13.6 kPa,
respectively, what is the partial pressure of argon?
a. 0.031 kPa c. 23.0 kPa
b. 36.6 kPa d. 42.3 kPa

16. A 0.45 g sample of an unknown metal (X) is dropped into hydrochloric acid and releases 251
mL of gas at STP. What is the identity of the unknown metal?
X(s) + 2HCl  XCl2(aq) + H2(g)
a. Sr c. Ca
b. Mg d. Fe

17. Lithium oxide is an effective absorber of carbon dioxide and can be used to purify air in
confined areas such as space vehicles. What volume of carbon dioxide can be absorbed by
1000 g of lithium oxide at 298 K and 101.3 kPa?
Li2O(aq) + CO2(g)  Li2CO3(s)
a. 687 mL c. 687 L
b. 819 mL d. 819 L

18. A 1.2 L flask contains 0.500 mol of ammonia (NH3) at 423 K. Calculate the pressure of the

ammonia inside the flask.

a. 6.91 x 10 –2 atm c. 12.2 atm

b. 5.13 atm d. 14.5 atm

19. 1.018 g of Freon-113 gas is trapped in a 0.145 L container at 101.3 kPa and 323 K. What
is the molar mass of Freon-113?
a. 21.7 g/mol c. 46.1 g/mol
b. 28.8 g/mol d. 186 g/mol

20. If equal masses of O2(g) and N2(g) are in separate containers of equal volume and
temperature, which one of these statements is TRUE?
a. The pressure in the O2 container is greater than that in the N2 container.
b. There are more N2 molecules than O2 molecules.
c. There are equal amounts (in moles) of both gases.
d. The average kinetic energy of N2 molecules is greater than that of O2 molecules.

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 Short Answer and Calculations: Answer the questions you can do the best on FIRST! Only
work on the Foolscap will be marked. For each question, show
ALL your work if you want part marks. [ /55]

21. Complete the following pressure unit conversions.

a. A toy is inflated to a pressure of 18 psi. What is the pressure in atmospheres? (2)

P=

P = 1.22 atm, Therefore the pressure in atmospheres is 1.22 atm

b. A barometer indicates that the air pressure is 708 mmHg. What is the air pressure in kilopascals? (2)

P=

P=94.4 kPa Therefore the pressure in kilopascals is 94.4 kPa.

c. The pressure reading on a scuba tank reads 8 atm. What is the pressure in torr? (2)

P=

P=6080 torr Therefore the pressure in torr is 6080 torr.

d. At an elevation of 20 000 m, the air pressure is 40.0 kPa. What is the pressure in atmospheres? (2)

P=

P=0.39 atm Therefore the air pressure in atmospheres is 0.39 atm

22. Explain, with use of the correct gas law, one of the demos observed during this unit. Make sure to
describe what is happening at the molecular level that caused the observations. (4)

2 choices: Egg Demo OR Pop can lab

 correct gas law
 observations
 explanation of why gas molecules behaved the way they did based on the gas law

23. Weather balloons are only partially inflated before they are released into the air. Describe the
changes that would occur as the balloon elevates, and explain why the balloon is not inflated fully. (4)
 Pressure decreases as the altitude increases
 Since pressure decreases the volume of the balloon will increase
 This is Boyle’s Law, P α
 The balloon is not fully inflated to allow for expansion as it rises. Failure to do so may
cause the balloon to burst.

24. At a depth of 300 m in the ocean, the pressure is approximately 33 atm. If the air bladder of a
certain deep-water fish is 6 mL at this depth, what will the volume of the air bladder become if the
fish were raised to the surface at 1 atm of pressure? What effect might this have on the fish? (4)

 Therefore the volume of the fish’s bladder will be 0.198 L which may

cause the bladder to  “pop” or burst.

V2 = 0.198 L

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25. Hot air balloons are open containers that maintain the air inside at (very nearly) atmospheric pressure.
When a modern balloon’s propane burner has warmed the air inside from an average value of 21 oC to an
average value of 85oC, find the final volume of each 10.00 L of air that was initially in the balloon. (5)

 V2 = T1 = 21oC + 273 T2 = 85oC + 273

V2 = = 294 K = 358 K

 V2 = 12.2 L  Therefore the final volume of each 10.00 L is 12.2 L

26. A sample of XH3(g) with a mass of 0.820 g occupies a volume of 550 mL at a pressure of 110 kPa and
28.5°C.
a. Determine the molar mass of the compound XH3. (6)

 n = T = 28.5 + 273 M =

n = = 301.5 K =

 n = 0.0241 mol M = 34.0 g/mol

 Therefore the molar mass of the gas is 34.0 g/mol
b. Identify the element X. (2)
 X = MXH3 – MH3
X = 34.0 – 3(1.01)
X = 30.97 g/mol  Therefore X is phosphorus

27. Potassium metal reacts violently with water according to the following reaction:
2K(s) + 2H2O(l)  H2(g) + 2KOH(aq)
A 5.00 g sample of metal was reacted with water.
a. What volume of dry hydrogen gas would be produced at 102 kPa and 20°C? The partial pressure of
water at 20oC is 2.33 kPa. (8)

nK =  PH2 = Ptotal – PH2O V =

= x = 0.06394 mol H2 = 102-2.33 =

 = 0.1279 mol K PH2 = 99.67 kPa  = 1.563 L

 Therefore the volume of dry hydrogen gas is 1.563 L

b. During one reaction, 545 mL of wet hydrogen gas was collected. If the gas was collected at 750
mmHg and 31°C, what mass of potassium was reacted? (6)

 P = 750 mm Hg x  n = 

 = 99.97 kPa =  x = 0.0432

mol K
T = 31oC + 273  n = 0.0216 mol H2  m = nM
T = 304 K m = (0.0432)(39.1)
 Therefore 1.69 g of K(s) reacted  m = 1.69 g

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c. After the reaction is over, evaporation of water will leave the solid KOH. What mass of KOH can
be produced if the 870 mL of dry hydrogen gas is produced at 25 °C and 1.1 atm? PH2O = 3.36 kPa
(8)

P = 1.1 atm x  n = 

 P = 111.43 kPa n =  x = 0.0759 mol KOH

PH2 = PH2wet – PH2O  n = 0.03795 mol  m = nM

= 111.43 – 3.36 m = (0.0759l)(56.11)
= 108.07 kPa  m = 4.26 g
T = 25oC + 273  Therefore 4.26 g of KOH will be produced.
T = 298 K

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