CASE STUDY #1: WHERE DID THE FIRST CATHOLIC MASS TAKE PLACE IN THE PHILIPPINES?

Is it Limasawa or Butuan? Filipinos keep om arguing and get confused where the first catholic
mass happened. Some researchers are seeking facts information because it is still debatable on
where is the first mass actually held or started.

The evidence of the route and map created by Pigafetta concerning "Mazzaua" is the first point.
The first mass was held on an island. Limasawa is an island off the coast of Leyte's southwest
tip, and Butuan is a city in the Caraga region. The witness's account does not mention the
Agusan River delta, but Butuan is a river settlement that is close to it. In accordance with this,
Mazaua is situated at a longitude of 126 degrees from the line of demarcation and at a latitude
of 9 and 2/3 of an arcminute from the Arctic pole. The island's description is thought to be
compatible with the island of Limasawa, which is located at nine degrees and fifty-four degrees
south of Leyte. The notion that Geographic research suggests that the description of the
Mazaua Island shows no evidence of the river. Limasawa is where the first mass was held.

The second argument is that when Magellan visited the island, two prominent kings—the King
of Butuan and the King of Mazaua—were present. The information that it also is a tourist from
Mazaua and that his territory is on the unrelated island of Butuan was known. As a result,
Mazaua cannot be Butuan.

According to the evidence in Francisco Albo's logbook, he joined the Magellan as a pilot on
Magellan's flagship voyage. He was one of the 18 survivors that traveled around the globe with
Sebastian Elcano and returned. Albo started living on his own and kept a logbook on the
voyage out, just a simple journal, as they sailed south in the Off Brazil, the Atlantic runs down
South America's coastline. His description of their arrival in the Philippines waters. However,
the events that he recorded in his log matched those in Pigafetta's manuscripts. Undoubtedly,
there were differences in the names of several locations, such as Albo and the island known as
"Yunagan." It was referred to in Pigafetta's account as "Samal" or Samar. There is also an island
known as "Gada" where they anchored and replenished their water supply. Both terms refer to
the island of Homonhon, which is off the coast of Eastern Samar's Guiaun Point the same
location where they received graciously donated water and took some supplies from the locals.
Last but not least, Leyte was referred to as "Seilani" in Albo's logbook while Pigafetta's Account
had it as "Ceylon," even while Albo's LogBook does not explicitly say that Magellan and his crew
stayed in Masaua for a week, including on Easter Sunday, the day of the First Mass.
Additionally, it should be recognized that Albo makes reference to the actual planting of the
cross. Following the mass, on a mountaintop where three islands could be seen to the west and
southwest. But Limasawa's southernmost point also meets this criteria. The coast does not fit it
from Butuan, where there were no islands visible to the south or southwest but only in the
direction is the northern.

Therefore, the first catholic mass was held in Limasawa and on June 19, 1960, Republic Act No.
2733, called the Limasawa Law, was enacted without Executive approval. The legislative act
declared the site in Magallanes, Limasawa Island in the Province of Leyte, where the first Mass
in the Philippines took place was also declared a national shrine to commemorate the birth of
Christianity in the Philippines.
CASE STUDY # 2: WHAT HAPPENED TO CAVITE MUTINY?

A military revolt at the Spanish armory at Cavite was known as the Cavite Rebellion. Jose
Montero y Vidal, a well-known authority on Spanish history, chronicled and emphasized certain
occurrences that were intended to topple the Spanish rule in the Philippines.

One of the significant occurrences of 1872 was the Cavite Rebellion. Mariano Gomez, Jose
Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, three Filipino clerics, were killed as a result (also known as
Gomburza). Though not everyone was aware of the spontaneous reports of the same incident.
Each of us needs to be aware of who we are since this tragedy occurred in another horrifying
yet crucial chapter of our history—the execution of Gomburza, which played a major role in
igniting Filipino nationalism. The devouring members marked the occasion with their customary
fireworks display, notwithstanding the likelihood that Montero's claim that the Sampaloc
region celebrated the devouring of Our Lady of Loreto on January 20, 1872, was accurate.
Apparently, the fireworks were misinterpreted for a robbery by the residents of Cavite. As
planned, his 200-man squad, led by Sergeant Ramadorid, attacked the regional Spanish
authorities and captured a number of weapons. The indomitable governor Izquierdo promptly
solicited the aid of Spanish officers in Cavite to put down the uprising after receiving the
information. When Manila's promised fortifications failed to materialize, the "transformation"
was abruptly over. In a conflict, Major Ingrain, commanded by Sergeant Ramadrid, was
murdered, and Gomburza was accused, tried in court-martial, and given a strangulation verdict.
On Mariana Island, nationalists like José Basa, Pio Basa, Antonio Ma Residor, and Joaqun Pardo
de Tavera were jailed, given life sentences by the Audencia (High Court), and prohibited from
practicing their profession. was given a judgment. Furthermore, Deputy Izquierdo dismissed a
nearby military regiment and organized a sizable artillery deployment that covered the whole
peninsula. Gomburza was slain on February 17, 1872, as a result of the Spanish government and
Frei Locracia's efforts to put fear and terror in the minds of the Filipinos in order to deter them
from performing another deed as heroic.

Moreover, the Cavite Rebellion was a noteworthy and terrible incident in Philippine history that
had an impact on one of the factors that shaped Filipino patriotism. This incident consequently
inspired the Filipino people to achieve freedom. One of the most significant moments in
Philippine history occurred on June 12, 1898, but we must never forget the unsung heroes and
forefathers who sacrificed their lives for reform and independence. To appreciate the future
and the regrets and ambitions of our ancestors, we Filipinos must be mindful of the past.
CASE STUDY # 3: DID RIZAL RETRACT

The first anti-colonial uprising in Asia was started in the Philippines, a nation that has been
recognized throughout history for its role. While José Rizal was a hero of the Philippine
Rebellion, the fight against the Spaniards was a long one, and many people who fought bravely
contributed to the rebellion's success. In the Philippines, he is revered as a national saint. His
writings affected his fellow countrymen, who were then inspired to join an anti-colonial
movement in Southeast Asia. Jose Rizal's retreat was among the subjects of most curiosity.

The head of the Jesuit Society of the Philippines' brief letter of resignation has been accepted
by Father Vicente Balaguer, who has confirmed this. Rizal created a brickwork that was against
Catholic beliefs and his retreat that rejected religious ideas after making minor text changes. Fr.
has allegedly spoken. He approached Rizal, who had not signed, at prime time in the morning
and explained his intention to go. Father Balageru also asserted that he visited Rizal at night in
his testimony. After some reconciliation, Rizal tendered his resignation on that day.

In summary, whether or not Rizal returned to Catholicism on the eve of his death in 1896 and
distanced himself from the stonework, "Rizal's Retreat" was one of the genuine events disputed
by many history students. and is still a hot topic today. They saw and recorded "Rizal's Retreat"
in unexpected ways, based on different angles from different creators. As a result, our
Extraordinary Saint Rizal can, as it were, decide if these perspectives should be changed. You
should pay the penance of attention to Jose Rizal. He distributed many books because we
needed to expand our minds and strive to develop our country into an extraordinary nation.

CASE STUDY #4: WHERE DID THE CRY OF RELLION HAPPEN?

The initial altercation between the Catipneros and the kind guards, as well as the tearing of the
communion that went along with their fervent shouts to defy their dedication and devotion to
Spain, are generally referred to as the "Cry." rice farms Progressive Filipinos led by Andrés
Bonifacio carried out these acts as a display of resistance to thwart the show and satisfy their
desires for opportunity and autonomy while being weakened by persecution. There was
discussion about two different times and places where and when the cry of rebellion occured.

Numerous dates and locations for the cries are described by members and history students.
According to Lt. Olegario Diaz of the Spanish Guardia, the cries occurred in Balintawak on
August 25, 1896. In his 1925 book The Philippine Revolution, Teodoro Caro depicts the incident
as having occurred in the final week of 1896 near Kankong, Balintawak. A shout was made in
1896 at Eminent 2 according to Magdiwan of Cavite Santiago Alvarez, the descendant of his
group's pioneer Mariano Alvarez, who claimed this in 1927 of his currently in Quezon City
Baha'i Toro. Gregorio Zaide's 195-page book, a "cry" was reported to have taken place at
Balintawak on June 26, 1896. Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnacion, and Ramon Villegas
were the casualties. It was finished. Due to the names "Balintawak" and "Kalukkan" having a
dual meaning at the turn of the 20th century, there appears to be some confusion. Balintawak
made references to both a specific location in contemporary Caloocan and a larger region that
encompassed some of contemporary Quezon City. Caloocan also made reference to
contemporary Caloocan as well as a larger region that included expanded Quezon City and
portions of contemporary Pasig.

Furthermore, The "better known Balintawak" and "better known Caloocan" were both home to
Pugad Lawin, Pasong Tamo, Kangkong, and other noteworthy locations. Thus, Pugad Lawin's cry
was quickly substituted for Balintawak's cry. However, there is no disputing Bonifacio and
Catipunelus' bravery or the importance of their actions. To show their disdain for the ruler of
Spain, they tore up the Cedula. Looking back on this event today, we can see how brave the
Filipino people were to use everyday weapons to fight foreign foes. In order to persuade the
Spaniards to declare war in the eight provinces of Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan,
Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, and Pampanga, the Katipneros coordinated this customary move with raids
in Mandaluyong, Pandacan, and Pasig. After this shocking incident, Filipino progressives must
continue to inspire the country's leaders with their "cry," especially the disagreement over
dates and attitudes.