KASAYSAYAN POINTERS TO REVIEW
CAVITE MUTINY
1896 - Most of the Filipinos believed that
one of the factors that ignited the Filipino
sense of nationhood and eventually led to
Philippine Revolution was the Cavite
Mutiny.
February 17, 1872- It was the day that
GOMBURZA was sentenced to be
executed.
Cavite Mutiny- Due to the fact that it led to
GOMBURZA's sacrifice, it has been a
remarkable event among Filipinos.
GOMBURZA- it was the acronym that
represents the surnames of the priests
Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos,
and Jacinto Zamora.
Every Filipino student is obliged to read one
of the three versions of the Cavite Mutiny in
order to develop arguments in favor of their
positions on the language employed, the
causes and effects, and the unraveling of the
Cavite Mutiny's history.
THREE (3) VERSIONS OF CAVITE
MUTINY
• Spaniards’ Version
• Filipino Version
• POV of Rafael Izquierdo
Spaniards’ Version of the Cavite
Mutiny
Jose Montero y Vidal
➢ He wrote the Spanish version of
Cavite Mutiny.
➢ A Spanish historian
➢ In his book entitled Historia
General de Filipinas
➢ According to Dr. T.H. Pardo de
Tavera, who claimed that the
narration of the Cavite episode
"does not speak as historian; he
speaks as a Spaniard set on
perverting the facts at his
convenience; he is mischievously
partial," this account is obviously
biased.
Beginning in the year 1872- the authorities
received anonymous communications with
the information that a great uprising would
break out against the Spaniards.
Garrison of Manila- It was composed
mostly of native soldiers, were involve in
this conspiracy, as well as a multitude of
civilian.
January 20, 1872- it was agreed that the
uprising was to breakout in the evening.
District of Sampaloc
• Fiesta of the Patron Saint
• The Virgin Loreto, being celebrated
with pomp and Splendour.
January 20th in the evening- fireworks
were displayed and rockets fired into the air.
9:30 in the evening- two hundred native
soldiers under the leadership of Sergeant La
Madrid rose up in arms, assassinated the
commander of the forth and wounded his
wife.
Don Fernando Rojas (military Governor
of Cavite)- He despatched two Spaniards to
inform the Manila authorities of the uprising
but they were met on the way by a group of
the native, belonging to the Guias
established by La Torre, who put instantly
to death.
Don Domingo Mijares - At the same night,
he left Cavite in a war vessel for Manila,
arriving there at midnight.
Early in the morning- two regiments,
under the command of Don Felipe
Ginovess, segundacabo, left for Cavite on
board to the merchant vessels Filipino,
Manila, Isabela I, and Isabela II.
Whole day of 21st – Ginoves waited for the
rebels to surrender, without ordering the
assault of their position in order to avoid
unnecessary shedding of blood.
Early in the morning of 22 – Ginoves
nd
launched an assault against the latter’s
position, putting the sword the majority of
the rebels and making prisoners of the rest.
22nd of January – Official proclamation
announced the suppression of revolt.
Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora- curates
of Cathedral
Marino Gomez- Curate of Bacoor (Cavite)
Don Antonio Maria Regidor- lawyer &
regidor of the Ayuntamiento.
Don Joaquin de Tavera- Consejero de
Administracion.
Forty-one (41) of the rebels were sentence
to death.
January 27,1872- the Captain-General
fixed his “cumplase” on the sentence.
6th of the following month- eleven (11)
more were sentenced to death, Governor
General, commuted this sentence to life
imprisonment.
On the 8th – the sentence of death was
pronounced on Camerino and ten years (10)
imprisonment of eleven (11) individuals on
the famous “Guias de la Torre”.
Febraury 5-
February 17- an immense multitude
appeared on the field of Bagumbayan to
witness the execution of the sentence.
Gomez was first executed, the Zamora, then
Burgos, and lastly, Saldua.
April 4, 1872- dissolved the native
regiment of artillery and ordered the
creation of an artillery force to be composed
exclusively Peninsulares.
July 1872- the latter arrive in Manila.
The Spanish historian who wrote the
Spaniard’s version of the Cavite Mutiny.
Answer: Jose Montero y Vidal
According to the Spaniard’s version of the
Cavite mutiny, the conspiracy had been
going on since the days of this governor, the
one that preceded Gov. Izquierdo.
Answer: Gov. La Torre
The book where the Spaniard’s version of
the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was written.
Answer: Historia General de Filipinas
these were the Spanish troops who arrived
in Manila on July 7,1872 to replace the
troops request to the governor general.
Answer: Peninsulares
He was the leader of the native soldiers who
rose up in the arms of Cavite after he
mistakenly.
Answer: Sergeant La Madrid
The next day after the mutiny, two
regiments under the command of this man
left for Cavite and waited the whole day for
these rebels to surrender.
Answer: Felipe Ginoves
The district in Manila where the fiesta of the
Virgin of Loreto was being celebrated with
fireworks and rockets fired into the air on
the night of the 20th of January.
Answer: Sampaloc
He was the governor general who assumed
control of the government of the
Philippines.
Answer: Don Rafael de Izquierdo
A special mass was celebrated at this place
on the occasion of the arrival of the Spanish
troops, which was attended by the high
officials of the government, the religious
corporations, and the general public.
Answer: Sto. Domingo Church
The historic date when the execution if
Gomez, Zamora, and Burgos took place to
death.
Answer: February 17, 1872
FILIPINO VERSION OF CAVITE
MUTINY
➢ It was written by Dr. Trinidad H.
Pardo de Tavera, A Filipino
scientist, scholar and historical
researcher.
➢ In this version, it was simply a
mutiny by the Filipino soldiers and
laborers of Cavite arsenal who
turned out to be dissatisfied with the
eradication of their privileges.
➢ Tavera blamed Gov. General
Izquierdo’s harsh policies like the
abolition of their privileges of
exemption from paying yearly
tribute and rendering forced labor.
January 20, 1872 (on the night) – this
happen to a bloody incident when some of
the soldiers, laborers and residents
assassinated the Commanding officer and
some Spanish Officials in sight.
1871-1873 – It was the arrival of General
Izquierdo and it is a signal for a complete
change in the aspect of affairs.
On the night of January 20, 1872 –there
was an uprising among the soldiers in the
San Felipe Fort, in Cavite, and the
commanding officer and other Spanish
officers in charge of the fort were
assassinated.
➢ Forty marines attached to the
arsenal and 22 artillerymen under
Sergeant La Madrid took part in this
uprising, and it was believed that
the entire Garrison in Cavite was
disaffected and probably
implicated.
➢ General Izquierdo- he is the one
who sent the commanding general
to Cavite, who reinforced the native
troops, took possession of the fort,
and put the rebels to the sword.
➢ Sergeant La Madrid- he has been
blinded and badly burned by the
explosion of a sack of powder, and
being unable to escape, was also to
cut down.
➢ Tavera had indicated that the Cavite
mutiny was probably the start of the
tarnished relationship of the
Spanish government and the
Filipinos.
➢ And that the peaceful reign of the
colony was ruined by that event in
which he described as insignificant
yet the origin of political influence
of the rebels against the Spaniards.
➢ He also said in his account that the
entire Cavite military post had
hostility and was involved in the
attack, as believed by the people
that time.
➢ But as the garrison’s expectation of
having a backup that night by the
anticipated declaration of rebellion
against the Spain in the three
islands, it did not happen and they
were beguiled, because General
Izquierdo had sent the commander
general to catch and punish the
rebels when he received a news
regarding the revolt of the natives
of Cavite.
➢ Tavera did not conclude that the
GomBurZa were one of the
instigators of the Cavite mutiny
unlike Montero y Vidal who pinned
them as that.
 ➢ In addition, the workmen which
were all natives of Cavite along
with the troops were described as
the people whose hostility towards
the Spanish government grew.
Customs of Tagalog
➢ It is a narrative on the established
culture of the Tagalogs in Luzon.
➢ It is written by Juan de Plasencia, a
Franciscan missionary in the
Tagalog region since 1578 until
1590.
➢ This was written to provide a pieces
of information about the
government, administrations of
justice as well as to witness the
previous reports about people’s
way of life in the region.
Datos
• The people always had chief,
they called them Datos.
• They governed people and
were captain in their wars, and
whom they obeyed and
reverenced.
The tribal gathering is called in tagalog as
barangay.
Aliping Namamahay (Commoners)
➢ They are married, and serve their
master, whether he be a dato or not,
with half of their cultivated lands.
Aliping Saguiguilir (Slaves)
➢ They serve their master in his
house, and on his cultivated lands,
and may be sold.
➢ If two persons married, of whom
one was a Maharlika and the other
a slave, whether namamahay or
Saguiguilir, the children were
divided: the first (whether male or
female) belonged to the father, as
did the third and fifth; while the
second, the fourth and the sixth fell
to the mother, and so on.
➢ If the father were free, all the
children belonged to him were free.
➢ If he were a slave, all those who
belonged to him were slaves; and
the same applied to the mother.
➢ If there should more than one child,
he was half free and half slave.
Simbahan
➢ It is a temple or place of worship.
➢ When they wished to celebrate a
festival or worship which they
called Pandot, they celebrated it in
the large house of a chief.
They believed that if any woman
died in childbirth, she and the child
suffered punishment; and that at
night, she could be heard
lamenting, which they called
Patianac.
People who believed in ghost which
they called Vibit, and phantoms
which they called Tigbalang.
Casanan
• It is a place of punishment, a
place of anguish, grief, and
affliction where the wicked
were believed to go in the other
life.
• They also believes that the
demons whom they called sitan
also dwelt there.
Maca
✓ It is a place in the “another Life”
which they consider the “paradise”
or “village of rest”.
✓ They say that those who got this
place are the just, the valiant, and
 those who lived without doing
harm, and who possessed moral
virtues.
The case of young girls who had
their first monthly courses, their
eyes were blindfolded 4 days and 4
night, while friends and relative
were all invited to partake food and
drinks. They did this so that the
girls might bear children and have
fortune in finding husbands of
their taste.
Catolonan
The officiating priest, could be
male or female, who lead in their
offering of sacrifice to their idol by
means of a feast
Badhala
Among their many idols, this one
who they especially worshiped.
They also worshiped the sun, which
almost universally respected and
honored by heathens.
This became a temple or a place of adoration of
the early Tagalogs.
Answer: Simbahan
It is a written narrative or document about the
established culture of the Tagalogs in Luzon.
Answer: The Customs of the Tagalog
To what order or missionary work did Juan de
Plasencia belong when he came to the
Philippines?
Answer: Franciscan
These were the officiating priest, who could
either be a male or a female, who lead in their
offering of sacrifice to their idol by means of a
feast.
Answer: Catolonan
People belonging to this social class serve their
master but they live in their own houses, and are
lords of their property and gold.
Answer: Aliping Namamahay
This was the name of the boat where the term
used for a political unit originated.
Answer: Balangay
From which country did Juan de Plasencia come
together with the first batch of missionaries?
Answer: Spain
What was their belief for doing the ritual of
blindfolding of the young girls who had their
first monthly courses?
Answer: So that they might bear children
If two persons of different social classes
married, which of the children would belong to
the father?
Answer: First, Third, Fifth, and so on
This was the one who they especially worshiped
among their many idols.
Answer: Badhala
This social class serve their master in his house
and on his cultivated lands, and may be sold.
Answer: Aliping Saguiguilir
These were the free-born who did not pay taxes
nor tribute.
Answer: Nobles
This was a celebration of a feast with the beating
of the drums which lasted for four days where
the whole barangay unite in worship.
Answer: Nagaanitos
What would be the social class of the only child
born to a free-born father and a slave mother?
Answer: Half-slave, half-free
What was the purpose of the document that was
written by Fr. Juan de Plasencia?
Answer: To provide pieces of information
about the people in the colony