Tnustai o ul&inn

Ccce pt 2stctna be hamowy o

Roos Nusses
CM wals on colums
The C e plared
And the
aXnds. The sRf ont
tsses he pwlins.
noos covenings. GreometA cau
plms suppont he attes
cided atte
de
biguastia &nise of tus: s
can achieve economy.
Tausses ae
t
ahay sis & desigM combiwachins.
fo dikoent load
checke of tuss is cambed ed
The lowe) chon
Vendcdefe chom
up and absod b sagging on

of
thuss.

am bes
Pun hs paints o thuss,
These ane leeated at 4he pane
These
Spacans of Pnlins depend
m

of hoot CoV RNMs

SPacin uusses
.

he pAimany neuinement
is the funchona
tunc ma
columus. whei here C e
no
nequeent o
that he
i o n s A e spaciny shoula be su
Cost af e noos is a minimu. in ov ad

Colu
This is dependin upon unchon hequiement

uitáig.
IndustMa Ruldin hames-
aenenal hese oe o si StoRY«d
A mezz anne ON
basement }on ay be ddded
No. o bays h a paiowa bui ldiya
ie. 29,4,S,. is pimai ly unchona
is decided
e gu'nement ATA) a t n d pays
 aehteva ovena ecomoy. onthMs TMH

omns a)e amalysed, desigmed Cmpoe.

Floons
of ast in su,
These usualy anst eted
De
Chequened MS. plates
hesh
phecastslabs o
n ste ed joists.
Wals-
be gad b eau oh mon nd
Wads
.

vay
beanins Tn a thamed sthuctuie wal ane

in the pands.
simply i(lk» waU
LigkhtisDay lia* hough wIndows have t be
lcops. L shod
lecri
SPPlemend
umtoAm itensty
Wthot gane
E have
on the
Nonth is hentode supe
Wou
heigled buldiny , kandina aniageme
Can be
dme.

the noot by sky iglt, monito)

Ovehead CNcmes.
hese ane Usd
cis thom dne pat he bulding
neauy obje
heauy
be hand opoaded oh
othen. These a y
Foh this dati
POWe/ele etaicaly Operted.
end
o caame, wgts,
e e ssay is capa city
cleaeNces Cane is a tun cfona
Heig of
Depuinement

FAamin disenend tamingallangRmenTs

Many span shed.
Posi ble Tos sinle stoneyed sinl
 c columns.
s . ae
posihon o f
LansV nse &onudkina Des\stae.

achieve economy.Tht
deided loads due to coind
hoizondd
of rae tbe
impotat pon
eanthgnake s an
se chon
tohe choss
with nand
decided
he buulding.

K
knee

77Tusslum TAuR Glum coit knee bent

Hinged end podtal thavme

Fixed endl pondu tiae
Cons'dening ecanamy of tiaeondahan), type of
DNamina is chos en,
Bacins
T shed obte vey, k{e nesitanre t konizmda
Lgads onma jo thuss plcne, Theheo) e stuctwe is
Hhonougy bnaced asinst ainteantuake in lated
***

dinenoms
Choss bhaan ine
end bays

ind umned s

lanTauss
Tie Lev
 Gan thy Gihdes

chanes ae
nTndustnia buildings, ovnhead
potahon 3 thna os heavy
mecessasy
son tA qns

lgads
movements possible dJt
hene aDe wee

lGad in e crane. Venha

i ) Honizmt
Lngi diray

To lord bho oe place. to anothe

moNe

the Caane MOVAS tselt om pad dt honizant

hes ane
Gindes khoun as choss iadens,
spanwd he width ds aceay. Cane
Giades move ovs the longitudina d s
known. as Ganny Gindass.
These cnawes aa yps
) Hand opeateed
it) ElectAicay opuntd,
taab is mounted m dhe Choss
A tdolley on
inday,
Ginda.The tholley moves ong the Cnass

loaitudinl m the ails

The chane wholy moves

PAodd he * & Gantay dens

Gindes suppoAtshe lcads tAans teAed
Ganthy
hels d he cnane
.

haough te thaveing
Tiolley LTChone hoss ind

wheels Rails

Gantny
Gides
Staunc hign
Bhacker
 Tala Requined Ss) Design os Gantay Gindes
.

Cnane apacity
SPa
i) Weiah of clane
i we o taolley
v) End clean enre

Desi Phocecduse don Gantay Ghden

a)Hnd ou he axmum whre lood This is
Magium when tholley is closest h e gsntny
inde. The vei
inden neachon os clane ginday is
trans emed mtoo heels to aant»y du
Henre maxium whed gads hut tae headion **

d CAass gindes.
b) wh is mipked by impactact»,
Maximun R.M. i n aantay inde) is camputed
SD)wost caminaiod dt dhed gas
lead B.M. adeled to this.
c) Maxinun sf. is slculated fos wost cmbvachon
he S.F de t dead ads is
adsded in s
.

Z MM Max" M.
bet pomissible bending sthmss
0 66 dy
A suitabl se cion is sdedes t Ste Handsrsk
)Lteud toare on hed lmd is CK
lcod + Wt-dk faolty)
Man..RM. B s f . duto lateal loods ane
calcdtid,
8) Bendin sthes caleted' duto
ane

Vnt wll as c u R .

is don Ahd tis checked wthp tis is

 less han pemisrible bensivg compnss sd>ss.
ane calcultad &
h)to pamissible stness
m caeaseA by 1o%,.
ails
) The Jorgi'hudinal fedces alng the
ane calated.
3) ndu is checkd momima shea)

stae sss.
te ckannl t
Weldconecomne chon toa
Tsechom is dsih
Seetion is chechd so» ddecon,
 he Engfheened Buld CPEBb)

These
These ahe nothing but phesabaicated syst
.
ofstauchua steel. omponents
pohtays
Tn this type of stuetua system e sed. Joints
connnyous beam syste
p achieve economy
a e ade niard/ties Fon
Petailed campuren qhalysis derngu i s done. Fon
combiwah'ons wim dead, Jive, wind &
i s alloa
cons den eod,
e a e n e lodsae
d e. desigmed cOmpocrs
hen
mantachmed . cNe' machins ThRy
theaded ith a coNnosive pdint, InDNksho p.
a n e tlans pP ONtes
t desied
Then hese cdmponeNts
hese stuctmal steel coP dnencts ane
sites. A
assebleo enectak as pe dnauing t a veny
Roonsshets &
ess t i e panjod usin chanes,
In osiio
in o s i h n usims ChanesS
cladAin sheds . e h i x e d
netuined fon site heeiom is
Compancdve e
less wi COhNewn ona techmigue
opeafions
dhilling weldig paunh
Majon cuti a l t y 8fF hese
ane done in woKshops.Henre
crDnk is better.
Because of deoilkd ampu analysi's desigy
efuun, matenta ¢nsLMPAn
alargwt
bhaua down
this type of system S sutpmle Cove
i ess COnstAon hwe.
lange spaces
Com cet of tnuss le ss o o n
stAuchual system, hoot tus ses
tnusses,
In+his
ab sent. Koohn, consisds
ae
hunnehs
Pu lins wInd qe tohming
ofconugaSecd
of M.S. sheets. They
cylincni shell noot
ctnes

H
SPaM
& bend in
M.S. s h e t s ahe conugated
Plain these sheets
machine. Bending of
C v e thaough
desined depth 8 esibed
is done t ast
shel. Heigd h deptD
cwvarune o the
tunchions o SP am.
boh ane
OpdYs
aonsideNI- ecomoy, Vaious

checke t o pimum solupm.

of
O &Dae
horizmta u s t at
Simce shed iseenAn
must be designel
cofumns
e n d s , suppo nhina
hts.
e s e lrena
H
Gum huigt

777T
Thisype of stuetua
system is usetu
monethag
.
i n d u s t a l spaces,
t Cove lange
ivne on h s systeM
o o o sqm. "Ehe
is vey ss
 Plate Ginde)
Plate ide)s ane bult ue beams& used whe>e
When span & raol
OVlau depth is mited,
bean
cmbinahon is such hothe nalled stecl
be cames Anss cient & built upbeams be orhe
Plate 1Aden s ae deep stuActwa
subjecte fo tAamsvSe lgad. his
ymembn S
iveted o) welded
consists o plates & an gles

foy t t Joads& small spans o n) plate

incheas in h
Aden s e uwecomomical due to
dolled T sechoms ade pheseanby
connech on cost and
he plte 21hdey
phoided. The bending nesi tmre
bTwee
Can be eased by mceasing thei distem ce
also Ineasesshea nesisance as
+he ang es, This
U)Ra MChases.

Plate ndens abe pnimanly phovided In he

but sed in buuldings uhee heavy
bnidaes
bnidaes
etated ds act o a on. spn
Plate Gndes
a)Web plar
bFlange plates cot
on cohout anaes
c) Bea sh bnets
d) Vedx sh neas
e) Honizata) sh btnes
e)
S) Web splices
9 ange splhes
.-

flmge Phtes

Arge
Web plte
Honzm
shnans Yeafcd shtnans
JL
 known a s eb plaJ. The
Ve cal ate is
tap & botta of ueb plate
n les ccne.cted
Honizonha plates COmected
ae o g e angles
andes ane knocwn tanga plohes.
as

plates inchaged by phoviclr

.

stent of Jb
in: V e c diRedom
iss
he sh bsneas Sh5the

Kno as Vahay shetnu. Shtn

in hoizant
d e chn is tnoun a s HoAiznt sttshe..
TenensW, the depth o f h e pl giAde) is
kept Span

Fnd Sosnes

HoMzl

t e medate

os web
wWhen nadio of cleas dept f tiekness
is mohe han zS, then shtnens
ae used
pondad ta stten
stengthen corb plae h e s e a
ceb plate
aganst he buckling + e mediate sisthe
Panels. Anae se chms
iides nden imo no ds

URd bon
i v t e d plat hdus. tnd lte
whey
Se ch ms an usd fo» edded ple ainde.
int
is usdas
a sir anle sechm /plat
alter natel on he
V a shthu, thay a u e placed
opposite sides ds he web plate
 loMzmt shsbvmens aso inch a r e he backi
esis nce b plale
Splies In Plde hlas
dwhe a mt is tbe Phoídel.
Splices ae

Web spice is phoided whee s.f. is

splice is phomded Mene B

flang
When he kneth of plake indes Is *o l
tlanspondhn &ene ehm,
handlle amvintendy dwin
M eressaY,
splice o jant beanRS seehms
esplde amale,chawndtee
At splice hdp
om w segmnds
)s e dme segmnd
dothen,
tasonres Cweld al
2) Splke tAans denmro usi
weldad

p l i c e jaind an be
3 o iveted
come cthons

Web
Splice

Cutai merd in PTeindeds

BMP
As
As the BMis educi ouands ends, Bapc
This is alleA as
Szes oMe also educed.
cwd e of a s in plete girdas, Tis is
Aane cieva emdY,
 VIRENDEEL TRVSS
h
oos. Vibended in 896 develeped a higid fhaMe OS
OpR CJeb ndes havine aigid Jonnts Con
Sis tY
cted t by
each ohe
ta &botm chonds conhe

vaNca mem be)s .

memb-s ade ab s*nt &R
such tss
e himdy d he jonts
OVna name depends upon
used in he
fon its stabilidy. Thes«
nchAe
cicey
Tusres/gnd ds a usRd
Fwopaam ountis es<
In studunes heeunoestuoab le ispar is
whene
bottm chods. This
Dequled In bween d &
spacs is eguieo- inbeulae s d fon igehr
pipn, wdti cachon ducts et.
D u to i d jnwis athe jun chomshese
tussRS stadicaindketemind wns
Seveal methods ae wd fo ts amassis.
Momen distmbuchm methd
ComPude) amausis
Tn stac'aldduminae analysis, hges ane

assuMRo membeS

W2

hea b/
chond R .

sheos im V cal membnSE

Mamant in vescas
h/2
Usinas d tdsi
c
 astdlated inde
these ane open cjep sectns, A solid T-beam Web 1
to
Cu. In a zig-2ag ashim and neassembled
in webs. ncidenty
ghRadtey depth and nedure he aRa

holes ane omd In the web,

Then he two cut porhims e plarael ome m top s

anothes as shown in tig. and Dewdded. This gives
incheaseA deeth deading anrady caay in apociy
e beam b he pe boAndhms in the web hav o b
taken Cane i n design. These pen tonainson th
photile dt zig cu choseh, Nonmady he înc
in dept is &onda A Ae onal deth,
2.2
This incaesRs modu lus se ch on by alcna
cartlated beam ca
ies e oigina. Thus
The se oa stho
cay 2 2 mt
on deechons
The miteddns ane shas candyl opaciy
hoe Als
w amd stness concentaaNon in he sechims
**
uxr a bendin sthe suesin the pesoAded
have to be eheck
 Stuctumes
Eathguate Resistant besim do
Planniny nsi doons)Symmehy
2 shape
3) Sipliaty
4)Cdounod slop
s t h a t i oi ond
Layod
Bil dings ase tixed to e od diy
eathquske. As he bas ofhe buildinmovas,
the supnstictwne tends t shake vb.Aate paom
mannay
posí non os nest in a vey iANeguwlas
masses.
oue d h e inenna of h e
..

hdtu4
base of he buuldi suddeuly
movs
The
achoM is
a s . The hoí zant adoumd motion
tonce
similay he e caa he hoizn
Henre this is suism
achs on fhe bulding.
oad. eateke Aeistant stuctu
The desigu ot dynam'c
showld aimat pAodiy the apphopnit is
the staucte
stAuccma sately so h a d
Resists eanthguate ofmino intenriBy
able ob a)
othot damoft. wih mina
b)Resists moceate eanthguake
non sthuctwa demos,
studa) z some
eaneuake
c) Resirts majo^ catasthopic
coitho colapse.
q n eaa thguake,
Fo saistacony petomance i wel as
a stnuctme muct kave stnentk as

duch lity. To ense s w dent duchltY paope

stauctunad
done in plawni
dcailin shal be
desim.
Plcniry Cgsidnains,
1 Sy wtay whole od (ts vaious
The buldiy as a

should be kept sywmetaicad abo boHh

blocks
e CA s
StuduK Dsin Cnsideafms
Amot dr stect neintoncemewt i
o5tensle
The amountr comgesSve sTee
mode
b e a s be desthi ctrd & shoulst
should be podad. The compdessive s t e l
5AM
pneveNT (t
be enclod by stinups
buckin
2) Colw Beam ja
beam hames int colmh boty
a
when a ke
heamshod
j abetfam bgns d{he develpe theu
imohe columw so a s t
anckobeo secdm o f 4 e
in bord beyona he
f u stansth coluwm,
bec a he face o fhe

Ld

3) Con inement ste

The spacin o SNNAs should not excee
2. eacm end a
leigth f
na
2 d in a
he beam o d in the demainiy h f
he beM
TVT 2d

o2

A) Coluwn Rirg details

he specia caninemendt stee whene nequuned
wst be phoided above beloy he beam as
shoun in ti.
 *

SPa af nes ín calumy4

S anates

guas ies colum

Lappiry iü)4s
Tidh

sSinupRing detai
Shimups in abeam &nngs in
be anchone I conchete TO heRs
by
celumn should
hocps as shom in *9.
I3S
E o K diq. of ng

4-Rir
) Shape of columns
eayuase fhe {odre Com act m any
n columns
O OD O&I teidh o
dinechon henie
ane btta har ne ctangadas shap
7 Lnptudin Std
Lgitudinad sted in coluns showd be dth bude
on a fhe taces o5he cotuY.
 d Calums
8) Ghned S stdesed
Conney columns o bldines ade

othey colum diue to biaxi

mode tha any

bendiry mut thegctohe hav stre

distaibueo on a tares 2 closely spaced
latea ies-
9 Ba anchoain must b vel
beam &olumn bans
The
so as to
ancheneol in the compbession z m e
achieve thei tul stength. whene he Jjont ont

dll
4 sides
is not conined beams Dom
ttwill be hece.ssany o plare t e closely spaced
os
AS in fhe calumyhdouot
he keizt

Eapthquake Resistenet Ddal tos Lone

Beanny StAuctpe
hoizot
CAack at
e all

diqpnal clacs
duueto s heay
CNacks
dueto
bendity y oalls
eueskgnie mehm
Mode alwe o Lomd brani Walls
 S t . qndu) tabthquake
ntes
.
ide wa levedom
Requs <ments of arizil bands & veh cl
nei onrement in lodd beanin walls to impnoOVe

nRSistance 05 oad beanime stAucun

eanhquake
l o a d beaune wall constuchon fhe
wad cknesetshould not bkept less
h 90wm. Nat heiat not
mode han
20imnes theietness of wal. jas mot
Wall lensth beween ch oss thicknes of wd
thoan 40mes he
mod egined ethes
logesonses ndoms ane
wc ctnecr i s inchease Dbutesses
should be pnondra a t
20
.

of
o f fu heigc
wal.
meshe wi knear of
HoizmtN
KenspAr<mert m Lad beav Wals
{onizmtJ neinfoncimy o wau is hegued

o) impan to hedX hodizmtu bendin stenyth

againt plat acthion fod iein the Fopvicsko
walls ogethe)
l i h Band
hene
should be phovicdeol iim hose cases

he sal is s t o uneven in hein paoperties.

h e band wil aso s e v e a s dampphoot
cose

Th b awd is n e U cAiti ca.

2) Lintl band incopou
bqnd & i l
This is h imp mut
antels. I t
adodAs,
wndows
n a loao
(oenol
in t s e stoníes in a
PAmded
in a l
be
beau stauctwe

) R s b and aedves
will be nequineol
Ts bmd blow
blsw
of tusrd »oof. This is
eve. which cansistss
whích consists
suchlrods
aita
Teae lev
os dsts
A)Gable b and
must have he
Masony gable ends &closnd
masonmay
thi cmsUan poatm of h e
ban. The
honiznta pant i b e
in a
and m
con nu ous wh he
eaves ev
longituddna walls.
Ras baro

Linulrod

Vex
neinfoAcemew
acoNmAs

R e o bam

Litl bd
Plh banol
 **

p e n n 4 s
in Walls
b
2

hg
7

+b4bz0:Sit sizie 0 42L-i o 32

shky on 2 to 3
stDneY stDAEy
O42 2 o.332
sad 2 o 3
Stonty stoey

b4oha but not less tha GOom

60 c
b 2rh budr not less han
ha 60om oh 02. b. b
Inicheve) is gheat.
should be smal
walls
Openi I od beanivg
e n t l ay
locaa. The ol l((ow
om
0
ae
c

size
in aopermNSs.
audelines on size 2 position
catedaaythom he inside
)Opmi e ( o a east
ome by a clea distance equsFo
not kss than 60cm
Y4 of he ht.o openinSs bt exceed soX
lengt a openin not
)The tet b" cMseaciye cnoss
oS the lenpth &F ue w .
42% in 2
wa i Sing stoneyy cnstluchon,
''. .:
Stoneybuslin O 3 7 i 3 stohey buldinj.
two
3)The hodizontay dist.Cpieh widd) b-ef
cmigs b e not
lessan of he ht. of
shadteh openiy bd not kss than
 a
4The yfcal distame fnonM am opmn
t n o t be lesathu
die ctly abov
openn
openin
60 c moa leke han 2 of h e u i c f of h

Smale oPEn wta

do notcomp ly
When h e opeiis shall be strengthene
opein
above heginemertall a&und the opening
heindo)Emendt
by
b7 a Conneds Openins
Dowels
2 m

6 / 8 R eir. s
Soo 7
yefa)
5paan B-B. MaSOnay Inplan

Conne Bands dcail

B B Mason
E(evaton

l2m
6 / 8 R Den.
B B Masony in plon pa
T Junchon of Wall
As suppliment p band steel, dowels may be
wsd at comes ' T' jncion o intenati
the b acim of was
VenticaKeind 3 The ch tcal Se chos ade comaps

Tjunch ons, jambs openings h e am ount of- demt

ta ctdAs ike o . t sdoeys, {odn ht.,
seismi e
depends m
co.mpoatançe of budia, sól & ound, tYPe.
RC Vedi. bnd
CoAnen wa
RCC Ve. Jn plaY
b and Venn. einf.

TJunchim Wal
Veah. heinf.