Session 1: Psychological Foundations of Education

Assessment Task 1

Answer the following questions comprehensively. You may need some research outputs
to sustain and justify your answers. Upload your answers in pdf format using the file
name: AT1_Surname_Firstname.

1. From the given topics and concepts learned, how will you describe the 21st Century
Learners?

Students who are active learners who employ information technology to complete
certain tasks, such as e-learning and learning management systems. They are not overly reliant
on the teacher and are adept at using ICTs. Participants in remote and online learning
programs are lifelong learners.

With the advancement of information communication technology, the millennial or

digital native patron has grown up knowing how to access digital information (Institute of
museum and Library services 2009). Traditional library customers were compelled to attend the
actual library, but today's student has a variety of information access possibilities. Initially,
libraries were thought of as information warehouses, with librarians assisting in the purchase
and storage of print resources (Tulder 2018). Library and information workers were once
thought to be specialists in the acquisition, evaluation, and dissemination of information.

Since the library has evolved from being a source of information to being integrated into
research, teaching, learning, and community activities at research institutions and schools, new
skills are required of library and information workers (Huff-Riley and Rholes 2011). Libraries are
becoming meeting, sharing, and collaboration spaces, rather than just physical locations.
Libraries now support the creation of new information, evaluating the impact of institutions'
research output, data management, data analytics, bibliometrics, search engine optimization,
relationship management, research policy and planning, and marketing, among other activities,
according to Gillingham (2013). These were brought on by new technology and tools, the shift
from print to digital, and the economic crisis.

2. When do we say that learning has been transferred? Explain and substantiate your answers
by citing some examples.

Transfer of learning occurs when a student is enthusiastic about the subject, eager to
learn, has prior understanding of the subject, and understands how to relate new information to
past knowledge. The student must then be able to recall and apply this information to fresh
learning.

Examples:
 a. The learner can remember and recall facts
b. The learner comprehends and to discuss.
c. The learner can apply what they have learned to real situations
d. The learner can think more deeply and work things
e. The learner can compile ideas and generate new ones
f. The learner can make and substantiate their judgements

Transfer of learning happens when previously acquired knowledge and skills influence how
new knowledge and abilities are acquired and performed. Transfer is considered good when
acquisition and performance are made easier, and negative when they are made more difficult
(Cormier and Hagman, 1987; Marini and Genereux, 1995).

Bereiter (1995) takes a different approach to transfer, seeing it as an ability or a collection

of dispositions rather than a process, with the learner's capacity to transfer being more
important than what has been taught. He believes that rather than trying to replicate their
learning, teachers should focus on character education so that students can think about
problems. He agrees with Lave and Wenger (1991), who claim that people learn through
participating in ongoing "communities of practice" and gradually increasing their engagement.
This emphasizes the significance of the social-cultural setting.

3. How will you apply the concepts learned in your current work?

I need to be more equip with resources, be ready in more challenging set-up of new
normal of teaching. Aside from that, to avoid to much stress for but students and me as a
teacher, I must open all the possible ways to let the students meet their needs, be considerate
and not expect too much with the students who are facing difficulties in this time of pandemic.

According to Associate Professor Barbousas, the Head of La Trobe's Department of

Education, the most crucial talent a teacher requires in the twenty-first century is flexibility.
Associate Professor Barbousas notes, "What this permits a teacher to do is fully comprehend
the domain knowledge one has to adapt in diverse circumstances." For instance, information is
one thing, but knowledge is quite another. A teacher must be able to create, construct,
arrange, change, and make sense of data in order for it to be understood as knowledge.