PROBLEMS

(1) 0.25g of CaCO3 was dissolved in dil.HCl and diluted to250ml. 100ml of this solution
required 20ml of EDTA solution for titration. 100ml of a hard water sample required 30ml of
the same EDTA solution for titration .100ml of the same water sample on
boiling,filtering,required10ml of EDTA. Calculate the total ,permanent and temporary
hardness.

Solution:

250ml of CaCO3 solution = 0.25g of CaCO3

= 0.25 ×1000mg of CaCO3

= 250mg of CaCO3

Standardisation of EDTA

1ml of CaCO3 solution = 1mg of CaCO3

100ml of CaCO3 solution = 100mg of CaCO3

20 ml of EDTA solution =100mg of CaCO3

1ml of EDTA solution = (100)/(20) × 1

= 5mg of CaCO3

Total hardness:

30ml of EDTA solution = 30 × 5 = 150mg of CaCO3

This amount of hardness is present in100ml of the water sample. So

Total hardness present in 1 litre = (150)/(100) × 1000

= 1500ppm of CaCO3 equivalent

Permanent hardness:

10ml of EDTA solution = 5 ×10 = 50mg of CaCO3

This is present in 100ml of hard water. So

Permanent hardness present in 1 litre = (50)/(100)x1000

=500ppm of CaCO3 equivalent

Temporary hardness = Total hardness - Permanent hardness

= 1500-500

= 1000ppm of CaCO3 equivalent

2) 100 ml of a sample of water required 20 ml of 0.01 M EDTA for the titration with EBT
indicator. 100 ml of the same sample after boiling and filtering required 10 ml 0.01 M EDTA.
Calculate the total, carbonates and non- carbonate hardness of the sample.

Solution:

Total hardness

1 ml of 0.01 M EDTA = 1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent.

20 ml of 0.01 M EDTA = 20 mg of CaCO3 equivalent.

This amount of hardness is present in 100 ml of the sample water. So

Total hardness present in 1 litre = (20)/(100) x 1000

= 200 ppm of CaCO3 equivalent.

Permanent or non-carbonate hardness

1 ml of 0.01 M EDTA = 1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent.

10 ml of 0.01 M EDTA = 10 mg of CaCO3 equivalent.

This amount of hardness is present in 100 ml of the sample water. So

Permanent hardness present in 1 litre = (10)/(100) x 1000

= 100 ppm of CaCO3 equivalent

Carbonate or temporary hardness

Carbonate hardness = total hardness - non-carbonate hardness

 = 200 - 100

= 100 ppm of CaCO3 equivalent.