408-J aa= apt ANB . = 40001 - 300) = - 250/ + ane ane =-4000/- 50) ann Yf-4000) ¢ (50)? ‘awe = 4000.3 km/h? ® Direction of acceleration of A with respect a 4000 nos 0 4000 8= 0.716" ome 50 AL the instant shown, cars A and B are traveling at the speeds of 20 kph and 65 koh respectively. f B is accelerating at 1200 kph? while A maintains a constant speed ° ene the velocity of A with respect to @ — the direction of the velocity of A with respect to B with reference to the direction of B. ® Determine the acceleration of A with respect 10 B Solution: ® Velocity of A with respect to B. V, V4 = 20 oe 45" [IS Vp = 65 (Uwe)? = (65)? + (20)? ~ 2(65)(20)Cos 13 Vue = 80.4 kph Direction of velocity of A with respect with reference to direction of B: Vie ~ on ttl 10.1 169.87" — > Vz = 65 kph 2 _ 804 Sin@ Sin 135° 6 = 10.13" or 169.87" Acceleration of A with respect to B Z\ = 1200 kph (ane)? = aa + (4000)? 8 ~ 2(1200)(4000% ane = 9264 kph?407 ic from the position marked with the oar "oot receiver B runs the slantin paitern shown, making a cut at P and fhereatter tunning with a constant speed Vg 2 7 ydisec. in the direction shown, The quarterback releases the ball with a horizontal ‘elocity of 100 fps at the instant the receiver passes point P, Neglecting any vertical motion of the ball. Sys Quarterback ® Determine the angle @ at which the quarterback must throw the ball in order for the receiver to catch the ball 2 Determine the distance the receiver had to run from P to catch te ball. ® Determine the velocity of the bal relative to the receiver when the ball was caught. Solution: © Angle @ at which the quarterback must throw the ball AB = 33.33t PB=7t c a +90-0+ 30 = 180 a=60+6 AC + BC =33.33t BC Tt Sin 30°” sin(90 - 6) it 2BC= Og 15 it —+—— 2 8 Cos@ 2Cos@ 30 + 7t= 2(33.33)Cos 0 30 + 7t = 66.66 Cos Ot e PC Tt Sin(60 + 8) Sin(90 - 0) 18-x Sin(60 +) Cos @| 410 15-15 tan 0 . n Sin 60° Cos 0+ Cos 60° Sin 0 Cos 0 1 50° “Cos 0 1 gin 60° Cos 0 + Cos 60" Sin) C080 45(Cos 0 - Sin 0) 0.866 Cos 0 + 0.5 Sin 0 Tw0=333" 30 + T1= 66.66 Cos 33.3't 4g Tit= 30 {=0616 sec. Check: 15(Cos 33.3°-Sin 33.3"). 749 616) 01866 Cos 33:3° + 0.5 Sin 33.3 4.302 _ jgee9 * 70816) 431=4.31 (OK) Angle 6 = 33.3" @ Distance the receiver had run from P to catch the ball PB=7t PB=7(0.616) PB=4.31 yds, ® Velocity of the ball relative e to the receive when the ball was caught ‘ =n e Using Cosine Law (Vyya)? = (1007 + (21) - 2(400)(21)Can %° Vpyp = 103.36 fp Pty ae, An automobile and a train travel al constant speed shown. Three seconds ate the train passes under the highway bridge fe automobile crosses the bridge ® Determine the velocity of the train relabe to the automobile. ® Determine the change in position of train relative to the automobile dutg #4 second interval Determine the distance between the and the automobile 5 seconds ate automobile crossed the bridge.Solution: Velocity of train relative to the automobile automobile Tran c 2B 10k OC = 100m. 1 Velocity of train along OC = @ mis Velocity of train along OC = 0.033 kph Using Cosine Law: (Vara)? = (96) + (120.033) + 2(96)(120.033) Cos 120° Vaya = 187.48 kph © Change in position of the train relative to the automobile during a 4 sec, 2 OM = Fg) (1000) = 133-39 m, Bay Set (000) = 10667 m 411 —_— d, t= 4 sec \ (daya)? = (106.67F + (133.33)? ~ 2(106.67)(133.33) Cos 120 dyyp = 208 m. ®@ Distance between train and automobile 5 sec. after the automobile crosses the bridge oe 220()1000 = 166.67 m. (AB)? = (133.33)? + (266 67 = 2(133.33)(266 67) Cos 120° AB = 352.8 m.The fundamentals of work and energy Is expressed as the resultant work on a translating body is equal to the corresponding change in Kinetic energy. Positive Work - Negative Work = Change in K.E. 1 BAS.25 mV_e- V2) where: EF.S. = resultant work 1 2m Vz? - V#2)= change in kinetic energy Relation of Distance, Velocity and Acceleration of block A and B supported by cables. A constant force P = 750 N acts on the body shown during only the first 6 m. of its moton ing from rest. if u = 0.20, find the velocty the body after it has moved a total distance of 9m. 1600 N 1600 N v=0 Solution: Ny = 1600-750 (2) = 1150 Fy =0.20(1150) = 230/N No = 1600 N F_ =0.20 (1600) = 320 N Wye 9 1 ZPOS. WORK - ENEG. WORK = ra0() 6 -2006)-22009=5 (5) ‘ V2 = 3.93 misec?After the block in the figure has moved 3m from rest, the constant force P= 600 N is removed Find the velocity of the block when it retuins to its initial position Solution: 4 w= 00 (5) =400N F =0.20 (400) = 80N From Ato C: YPOS. WORK - NEG, work =4 z 9 600(2) - 80 (3 +8) s00(2) (3 +8) = (02-0) 1800 - 240 - 80 $ - 900 - 300 $ = 0 €80= 380s S=174m, (v2 -vy) From ¢ to A: POS WORK. SNEG WORK = sMeye-va g 300 (4.74) - 80 (4 74) +} ” V3) 1042.8 = 25 48 v2 V4e 3* 64 m/sec. (velocity of block when it ‘lus to its initial position) w: What force P will give the system of bodies shown a velocity of 9 m/sec. after 6 m. from fost? 250 N V0 1000" Solution: Ny = 250N F 4 = 0.20 (250) = 50N 1000 (cos 45’) = 707 N F2=0.2 (707) = 14.14N Ng = 500 N Fy = 0.20 (500) = 100 N SPOS. WORK- ¥ NEG. WORK = + a0E-VA) W = 250 + 1000 + 500 = 1750 N P (6) - 50 (6) - 14.14 (6) - 1000 Sin 45° (6) = 100 (6) =4 FM 9)2- (03) P=2203N (+ Find the velocity of body A in the figure after it has moved 3 m. from rest. Assume the pulleys to be weightless and frictionless.Solution: tw SPOS. WORK += NEG. WORK= 35 5 (V2-Vi) 4 (1000) 1000(6)-18000(3) = 5 om (Ve? -0) 4(15000) Peeve 8 750 Zoo vy,2 aive" *gai¥a Fre be weocty of testy A in the figure after it “As “OW, Galwg ‘worn vest al the given wr 4G ‘FG dong the frictionless SG Sie tw | ie ma dred Ce Solution: 300 Ib zea? + (8? 22 = (15)2 + (8)? anys 22 Vg=2Vp 2Vg=XVq 10Vp=6Vq Va =0.6Vq, Pos. Work - Neg. Work = Change inkE 00 200(17- 10) -0 = 2% (y,2 0) Ga = 300, 200 2 200(7) = Fag Va? + 4.4 0.8Va) 1400 = 5.7642 Va= 15.57 fps(WORK AND ENERGY) Through what distance will body A move in locity fom 18 msec. to } Ab. [om] | Ison Solution: - POS. WORK - Y;NEG, WORK x} ave? wy) . Sy _ 1 (1000) 1 5 : 00 -1500(5) = > Oy 1 (1500) 2 981 250 5 = 681.2 S=272m, ia POS 1(3.6)2 - (1.8)4) (1.8/2 (0.9)2) va nine the velocity attained by block A : a moving a distance of 3.6 m. starting from 4s Solution: Ny 100 (2) “ODN Fy = 90007) «100 Ng 2000 ( 4) 1600" Fy = 1649 (0.20) = 420 When A moves 3.6 m., B move. 462) = 72m poe wee; pomp 1 Meo 2POS. WORK. NEG WORK re v4) 1200 (7.2) - 180 (7.2) - 1200 (3.6) - 329 (3.6) 1500 2 po, ILD 9 gar Ve O]47 gay Ma" - 0) 1872 = 76.45 Va! + 101.94 Vy? 645 (2 Vp)@* 101.34 Vaz Va = 2.14 misec. estou In what distance will block A attain a velocity of 3.6 mise. starting from rest? Solution: wy = 1500 (2) = 900 8 F 4 = 900 (0.20) = 180N 4 Np = 2000 ( 5 ) = 1600 N Fa = 1600 (0.2) = 320N416 when Vp 23.6 m/sec Vq = 2 (86) = 72sec hen A moves $ meters, Bnoves 2 S meters ey Mye-wy ypOS. WORK YNEG. WORK ® > 5 9 ne Vy vey. 1 1800 4200(2S) - 180(2S) - 1200(S) - 32015) * 9 9.81 12000 (7.22-OFl* 9 gg1 6) -(0)"] §20 $= 5284 $=10.2m, The 160 kg carriage has an initial velocity of 3 mis down the incline at A, when a constant force of 550 N is applied to the hoisting cable as shown. Calculate the velocity of the cariage when itreaches B. 550N 150081)=14715 ag San oy 8. 8 Solution: 110018) 1471.5 Sin 0) = 3 casoyv2 (39 ss00. TSN 1 Ve-9= 21.36 V=551 ms 50 2 9) ELL In the design of a conveyor-bel metal blocks are discharged wy ney oa 0.4 mis onto a ramp by the upper con belt shown. The kinetic coefficient of ye” between the blocks and the ramps is.) 1) Calculate the angle 0 which the ramp my make with the horizontal so that the br, will transfer without slipping to the lye conveyor belt moving at the speeq 4 0.14 mis. @ Compute the angular velocity of te conveyor pulley at A. @ Compute the angular velocity of te conveyor pulley at B. Solution: ® Angle 0 8 Using work energy eqution from ane Av? Positive work - Negative work = 9 ™ F=uN F =p WCos 0 = 0.3 W Cos? ?) Y 1W WSin 0S-FS* 9 q 2 152 Sino417 _(WORKAND ENERGY) 15 Ss: Sin 0 Win O(1.5) 0.3 Cos (1.5) Sin 8 Sin 0 1W = 298i) 4" (0471 15-08. =-0.00716 lan@ 1.50716 288 tan 0 6 = 16.62" @ Angular velocity of pulley at A Vero 04=0.150 = 267 radisec 3 Angular velocity of pulley at B “ J ~ Were Solution: @ Distance of the jumper above the river when the cord brings him to stop F=ky F=ma dv Fema at ‘i kg bungee j iumgr jumps fom a bridge pan a fiver. The bungee cord has an dt dy u seed length of 18 m. and has a stiffness dv d hye y ® fort stove the river is the jumper when 2 ord brings him to stop? a ora the ma; i “en * be aegnt “maximum velocity of the lermine the na i cord oy si force that the i “ Daten sore tM the man dy roghenn Maximum acceleration of : 7 ky? fe ]" =m 2 zdy418 WORK AND ENERGY} At point 2 V4? + 2g(18 + y) V2? = 0 + 2g(18 + y) Vp = V 2g(18 + y) oy (VM 42) = 90{(29)(18 + y) - 0} 317844 + 1765 8y y? = 8.829y - 158.92 = 0 y=t7Itm h=40-17.77-48 h=423m Maximum velocity of the jumper Ve? = 2g(18 + y) (9.81)(18 + 17.77) 26.49 mis, Maxirnum force that the cord exert on him F=ky F = 200(17.77) F = 3554N @® Maximum acceleration of the jumper Fema 3554 = 90a a= 39.49 mis? Se maa GPs ior. 13 weighing 100 N shown at A is A pected toa hoizontal force P= 100, i ofthe block at Ais 10 mis, the velocity of v= 10m/s Pylon 1om | p=Lo0nt f. ‘smooth r 3 surdace Which of the following gives the velo ry 9 the block at Which of the following gives the veloctyg the block at C Ifthe force P is released at C, which of th, following otal distance that the ti cd unit it will stop Solution: Using work energy equation from A to B Positive work - negative work in kinetic energy 1 (190) 9. 1 (10 2(9.81) “B-2(48%) (19f Ve = 17.21 mis Using work energy equation from B oC 10.(45) (nx) c= Bos ie0 BC = 7.85 m. A "3 ~ surface h= 10-10 Cos 45° h=293 100 (7.85) - 100 (2.93) 100\\ 4721" 2 2(38i)' 100 @® Using work energy equation from 100NRK Al RGY| ay _ RD Positive work « Nogative work Chango In KE 1 (100) ny sin 45) Cr . ; (%) (19.82)? 1/100), 0-100 Sin 4s °2(s01)® 1/100 ' 9.82 2(sei)( ) x= 28.32 m. Total distance = 10 + 7.85 + 28.32 Total distance =46.17 m A'small rocket propelled test vehicle with a lola mass of 100 kg, starts from rest at A and TToves with negligible friction along the track in the vertical plane as shown, ‘Ocket exerts a constant thr elermine the distance $ that the incline before stoy ‘Mass, due to the ex is small and m, Solution: laybe neglected, \ i. 12m \ {tthe propelling ust T of 1.5 KN om A to position g where it is shut off, tthe vehicle rolls, pping. The loss of Pulsion of gases by the 120 (40) n AB 16 AB © 62.832 m jinn i \ Ac 120m . Vo=0 h= 120 - 120 Co, 30 h= 16077 m 1500 (62.832) - 100 (9.81) (16.077 + 0.58) (MV yc2.1 (#) ya2 (3)"2(7) Solving for S = 160 m A boy slides down a water chute, starting from rest at A. Neglecting friction, @ Which of the following gives the velocity at the end of the chute at B, ® Which of the following gives the velocity on entering the water at C. ® Which of the following gives the horizontal distance of C from B,& 420 Solution: Velocity at B 10m. Using Work - Energy Equation from A to B iW w(t0-2)25-- (Ve? -V (10-2) 29 (Ve? Vad (2)8 (9.81) = Vg? - (0) Vg = 12.53 mis 2 Velocity at C: Using Work Energy Equation from A to C f wiin=3y We vad 40(2)(9.81) = Vo2 Vo = 14.01 mis 9» Hor. distance of C from B: Vp=12.53 mis y=xten9- 2V2 Cos? @ -2=xten 30-981 2(12.53)2 Cos? 30° -220,577 x-0,042 2 x2. 13,738 x-47.62=0 x= 1661 m. [yi ‘A500 N biock is resting on an indned pane and is subjected to a constant force of 0 ding parallel to the incined plane, Afr te Block has moved 3m, fom rest along te inclined plane, the force 600 N is removal ‘The inclined plane has a slope of 3 verteala 4 horizontal. Coefficient of friction is 020, 500 N 4 600N g 500. N ae y Which ofthe following gives the $821 thatthe biock will move further a&"2 w inclined plane until it wll stop. ‘ Which of he folowing gives nev", the block when the force 0 N removed. 3) Which ofthe following gives the ve the block when it returns ! its" position. Solution: Distance the block will stop: ii! wall move 2 500 N N =500 Cos 0 500(4) biaey) N=400NWORK AND ENERGY] F=yN 20(400) F=80N, Using Work - Energy equation from A to C Pos. Work - Neg. Work = } ye? -Vy?) 600(3) - 80(3 + x) - 500 Sin 0 (3+ x) 100-240 -80 x- 5208) (3+x)=0 x= 1.74. ® Velocity of the block when the 600 N force was removed: Pos, Work - Neg. Work = Change in Kinetic Energy Ww 60013 -8(8)- 3008) =5 5 (V5?) = 000 Wy,2 860 53409) V3" -) V3 =5.09 mis Velocity of block when it returns to its original positon: V2=0 meas %y > 1.74 m~ Fz! 38030" Pos. Work - 1Ww Neg. Work =5 9 (V4?= V2) 300(4.74) - a9 4 (500) (4.74) = 1 (500) 2 Ye=640miag 298! (Va? - 0) ME A wooden block starting from rest down a 45° slope, then am Socio mal surface and then up a 30 inclined until it comes to rest again. The coefficient of friction is 0.15 for all surfaces of contract Le3m—- ®) Which of the following gives the distance the block moves up the 30° inclined section until it stops. “ Which of the following gives the total distance traveled until it stop. Which of the following gives the velocity of the block as it moves backward from D ‘and a horizontal distance of 2m. from Cc. Solution: Distance the block moves up the 30° inclined plane until it stop: Wi 45° ; - A ’ N, Fr Fp NeW Pos. Work - Neg Work = 5 W SindS* (6) -F4(6) -Fp(3) a(S) -W Sin 30°S 1W “2 (0-0)Pos, Work - Neg. Work = 1 29 Meg, W Sin 30°(5) -Fa(5)-Fyia) 21, age 2.5W- 0.15 WCos 30°(5)-0.1544 ) -—_ a2 * (9.01) VE“) 1.55 = 0.051 Ve? Ve = 5.51 mis Ny =WCos 45° Fy= UN Fy =0.15W Cos 45° F2=pN2 Fy 018 . Atrain on a level track weighs 1200 Ng=WCos 30 tolal frictional resistance at 3 F3=yN3 50 N/KN Fyx 015 W 008.0, Which of the following gives 2 wor W Sin 45'(6)-0.15W Cos 45° (6) - 0.18 (3) in bringing up the velooty ofthe 0.15 W Cos 30" (S) - W Sin 30° S= 0 rest to 60 kph if the chang § . accomplished ina di 424-0.64-045-0.13 S -0.50S=0 =) Which of the following give S=5m. work to be done if the upgrade of 1.0 in 100 2 Tolalcistance it traveled from A to D: D=6+3+5 Solution: Deism ® Work done 1800 kN & Velocity of block at E: ie 30] W w — 1500 m——= Fs E, 5 5 50 Ne » F = F999 (1800) F=30KN iW Pos. Wark - Neg. Work = 3 g * _ 60000 ~ 3600 V = 16.67 msWORK AND ENERGY) ey 1800 2(9.81 Work = 95989 KN.m Work - 30(1500) y (16.67)? 0) Additional work done if the track is sloping upward A 700, r 5 Vera APs oot Ww > > Pos. Work Neg. Work = 5 5 (Vz?- Vi") Work - 30 (1500) - 1800 Sin 6 (1500) 1800 an? = 399.81) (18.67)"-O1 Sin 0 = tan 8 (for small angles) Sind =0.01 Work - 30(1500) - 1800(0.01)(1500) 1800 " = (981) {(16.67)¢ - 0) Work = 97494 kN.m Additional work done = 97494 - 95989 Additional work done = 1505 kN.m Eg Prva The coefficient of kinetic friction between the package and the surface is 0.30. If the Package is released {rom rest at A. ‘Which of the following gives the speed of the package at B Which of the following gives the distance “L” that the package travels on the horizontal sutace before coming to rasta Which of the following gives the velocity of the package at point D, 3m. from B along the horizontal Solution: Velocity of package at 8 Using work energy equation: Pos. work - Neg, work = Change in KE 1W W Sin 30(5) - F(S) => 5 ee) F=pN F = 0.30WCos 30° F=0.26W = (yp? W(0.5)5) - 0.2615) = gy VB OD Vg = 4.85 mis Distance the package traveled on the horizontal surface V)=4.85 mvs Woo O-FL=3q (Wo? -V4) FeuN F = 0,30W 0-0.0WL =} Ledm w anos 85)"}424 S——————— 4 Velocity of package at point D W V>=0 V,=4.85 m/s > vl 1W 0-FQ)=7 9 22-4?) FepN F=030W 0-030019) = gg 22-8571 Vo? - (4.85)? = - 17.658, Vp =242mls Mi An 8 kg package, initially at rest at A is propelled between A and B bya constant force P. Neglecting friction, Which of the folowing gives the smallest value of P which the package will reach D. 2 Which ofthe folowing gives the velocity of the package at C 3 Which ofthe flowing gives the velocity of the package at E Solution: U Value of P to reach the Package at D. Pax) Using work-energy equation Pos. work - Neg. work = change ink g 1W 4 P(2)-Wl2)= 7 g (VO? Vat) 1 P - 8(9.81)(2) = 2 (8)(0-0) P=78.48N Velocity of package at B W iyp2. 78.48(2)-0= 9g(Vc*-0) 89.81) > 18698 = 998i) Ve Vc = 6.26 mis ® Velocity of package at E: W jyp2-d! 78.48(2) - 8(9.81)(1)= 9g ve geste 78.48(2) - (8)(9.81)(1) = 9 (981) Ve =4.43 misWORK AND ENERGY) wa The block shown started the right al rest and moves towards 1000 N fe 2 mf Which of the following gives the velocity of block B as it touches the ground Which of the following gives the distance that block A will travel along the horizontal surface if the coefficient of friction between block A and the surface is 0.20. Assume pulley to be frictionless. Which ofthe following gives the tension of the chord Solution: ) Velocity of block B: 4 =0.9924 misec? veo Wy? + 20S V7 = 0 + 2(0.9924)(1 2) \ Vp = 0.97 mise, Distance that block A will travel along the horizontal surtace Initial KE. + Pos. Work - Neg. Wore = Final KE 4 (1000) gp 2 - 2 981 (0.97) +0 - 200% =0 42004 Distance travelled by block A= 1.2 +024 Distance travelled by block A = 1.44 m. ® Tension of chord: T T=250- s } rey 2003808, [as] fa T=240N 2soalg (( me: ‘A block weighing 500 N is dropped from @ height of 1.2 m. upon a spring whose modulus ig 20 Nimm. What velocity will he block have atthe instant the spring is deformed 100 mm? W=500 N426 WORK AND. ENERGY, ks?_1W 2 Solution: k = 20 Nimm = 20,000 Nim aw P POS, WORK - YNEG.WORK = 29 (ve Vy") Ks?_ 1 Waa whey = 9g W220) 20000(0.1)° _ 1 $00 gon 13) OO = 5 gai 2) 580 = 25.48 V2? Vaz 4.65 misec? _ : >) Ea. Hyyislons: 0 / ‘A300 N block slides down: an inclin: a slope of 3 vertical to 4-horizontal. It starts from rest and after moving 1.2 m stkes 2 spring whose modulus is 1500 N/m. !f the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20, find the maximum velocity of the block? Solution: 4 N= (3000) = 2400 N F = 2400 (0.20) = 480 N WO) 45 2). S599 «| (gy? Ways Se tiim 2g lO? or (Vs Seay max.) 1 3000 1500 (103)2=) gay (max. Vmax, 73:23 misec. we a Aweight W is suspended from a vertical spring whose modulus is “k" Nim.This weight is pulled down “S" m from its equilibrium position and then released. Determine its velocity when it retums to its equilibrium position. Solution: ks2_1.W #5 2?-VP) Ri Neglecting friction ofthe 200 N cola pe its vertical guide, compute the velet "ee collar after i has fallen 2.10 m slats a! Fest on the position shown The u's! length of the spring is 0.90 m.427 $4 = 1.27-0.90 = 0.37 m. $2= 1.5m -0.90 = 0.60 m. POS. WORK - NEG. WORK =} Bev) 2 2 anno) + 0Mos7)- 1000 os Ne car shown is moving toward the bumper ping and has a kinetic energy of 12500 N.m. fai ot "a - a" is connected to the 200.000. Ng which carries a modulus of shields *b im, The two auxiliary bumper ate attarhee 28 2.30 m. behind “a- a and 4h a to secondary springs, each of the carig - Modulus of 100,000 N/m. When © areata 0 rest, what will have been lest movement of "a - a"? What Detcentage te inset has been absorbed by 03s vs Solution: Ka = 200,000 Nim. Kb = 100,000 Nim 2 2 12,500 = 82184030 2s 12,500 = 2000 (S2+0.6 S + 0.09) + 100,000 S2 0.125= $2 +0.6S + 0.09 +S? 29% +06S-0.035=0 $ = 0.050 m. Greatest distance moved by a-a = 0.30 + 0.05 = 0.35 m. 200000 (0.35)? Energy absorbed by main spring = zon00g 08 = 12,250 N.m. 12250 % absorbed = +5699 X 100 = 98% Weis 2409, The block of mass m = 1.6 kg slides along the horizontal rough plane shown in the figure. The position coordinate x is measured from the underformed position of the ideal spring, which has stiffness of K =30.N/m. Atx=0 the block is initially moving to the right with speed V4 = 6 mis.428 x 145=0.30; py=0.20 ® Which of the following gives the value of x when the block first comes to rest. @ Which of the following gives the acceleration of the block upon reaching the distance x. ® Which of the following gives the speed of block when it reaches x = 0 for the second time. 1.6(9.81)=15.696 N Po=Kx N=15.696 Solution: © Value of x: F=uN F = 0.20(15.696) F=3.139N Ps =kx Using Work Energy Equation: Pos. work - Neg. work = Change in KE OK 2 x2) Fag 5 mivze-Va2) Dog? -0) 3139x924 6) (0- (641 = 15x22 = 3.199x9 = -288 x22 + 0.209x -192=0 es @ Acceleration of block: P,=K x2 P, = 30(1.285) = 38.55 N Fema 38.550 = 1.64 a= 34.09 mis? @ Speed of block when it begins the moe left Pos. work - Neg work = 4 m (V3? - Vy) 0- 3.139(1.285) = dat 6) (V32- (4) 8.06 = 0.8(V32 - 36) Vg? - 36 = 10.084 V3 = 5.09 mis ae ee a ‘The 2 kg collar is given a downward vest? 4 mis when it is at A. The spring his ® Lnstetched length of 4 sites! ONin a © Determine the velocity of the co 6 x=1m 7 ® Determine the acceleration of he =1m, 3 ® Determine the normal reaction oft®* tothe shaft at x = 1m429 Solution: © Velocity of collar when x = 1m. initia! KE + Initial PE = Final KE + Final PE smu + - = +00) 5 (ex- xp)? - Wx = my, = 2,1 3Ke? + ene -1? +0 = Jems + Lrone2es- 1) -2980K) ae qos +15(1.236)" - 2(9.81) 5.26m/s 2 Aeceleration of collar at x = 1 m.: 29.81)=19.62 N de {ma FeKs S= 2236-4 S= 1236 m F = 90(1,236) F = 37.08.N 19.62 ~ 37.08 Sin 0 = 2(a) sing = — 2236 0= 2657 1962. 3208) - 29 2236 a= 1.52 m/s? @ Normal reaction of collar to the shaft Ne=F Cos @ Ne = 37.08 Cos 26.57" Ne = 33.17 N — a Lilet ‘AQ kg slider is released from rest along 2 vertical shaft without friction. The spring attached to the slider has an undeformed length of 100 mm and a spring constant of 540 Nim. 250 mm.430 WORK AND ENERGY) —.—wa EE ® Gompute the potential energy of the system at point 4 @ If the slider is released from rest at position 1, compute the potential energy after it has moved 150 mm downwards to position 2. ‘ ® Compute the velocity of the slider after it has moved 150 mm to position 2. Solution: © Potential energy of the system at point 1. Total energy = Potential energy + Kinetic energy E=PE\+KEy PE\=Ve+\g Ve=3k x2 Vg=Wh 1 KEspmve Ve=}kx? X= 200-100 X= 100mm. x= 010m, Ve=tkx2 4 Ve => (640}(0.10)2 Ve = 2.7 Joules Potential energy = Ve + vq Potential energy Potential energy ® Potential energy at 2 PE, =Ve + Vg 4 2K x2 Ve =5Kx' 50 - 100 0 mm. 15m 1 Ve =; (540\(0.15)2 Ve = 6.08 Joules Vg =wh Vg = 9(9.81)(- 0.15) Vg =- 13.24 Joules PE,=Ve+Vg PED = 6.08 - 13.24 PE2=-7.16 Joules Velocity of slider at point 2. Total energy = PE + KE Conservation of Energy between 1 and 2 PE, +KB,=PE)+ KE, 27402-7168 +4mve 1 Lave 2)V?=9.86 V= 1.48 mis BA Fifer we The 3 kg slider is released from rest at point and slides with negligible friction in a vertical lane along the circular rod, The attache? Spring has a stiffness of 350 Nim and has # unstretched length of 0.75 m. © Which of the following gives oo gravitational potential energy if the sli Passes'position B. asic ® Which of the following gives the ee, Potential energy if the slider Pas Position B. ay ot ® Which of the following gives the velo”! Slider as it naccec nacitinn431 WORK AND. EN ERGY] 4 TR ‘The spring has an unstretched length of 0.4 m. and a stiffness of 200 N/m. The 3 kg slider and attached spring are released from rest at A and move in the vertical plane © Compute the change in elastic potential energy from A to B. @ Compute the change in gravitational aa potential energy from A to B. Solution: Soren @ Compute the velocity of the sider as it © Gravitational potential eneray reaches B in the absence of friction. Solution: Change in elastic potential energy from A oB Potential energy at A: 1 > AVG = 5K (xp? xa Ve, = ; be? Foe aera 208-04 Xp #0311 m. x=04 xA2075m 1 | ava 3 Vey = 5 (2000.4? = ns 37 (850) (0.311)2 - (0.75)2] Vey = 16 Joules e 51 Joules: Potential energy at B: 3 ee slider as it passes B: re AT= 5m (vg? - wpa) Vey = 9 kx aA x=1-04 AT) Bh Vs?-0) eaten AT. T-AV+ ayzy Vig =} c00jo07 2 Vel 2207-8151 =9 Vey = 36 Joules Ves 831 mis * Change in potential energy = = 20 Joules432 ® Change in gravitational potential energy from A to B At point A Vy, = wh Voy =0 At point B Vay 2h - 3(9.81}(0.8) = 23.544 Joules Change in gravitational potential energy = - 23.544 - 0 = - 23.544 Joules Using Conservation of energy from A to B. Velocity of the 3 kg slider at B Ve, + Vg, + KE1 = Vey't Vpp + KEp 1 1 vee diye Ve, * Vay #3 V4? = Veg + Vag # 5 MV (18 +0 +0)=36-29544 + 5 (3472) V2 = 1.537 mis Ea Peyote The 1.2 kg slider is released from rest in position A and slides without friction along the vertical plane guide shown. Determine the normal force exerted by the guide on the sider aS "Os cy Just before it passes posnt c a) Just after t passes pom Just before it passes porn 1) Normal force exerted by the guide on the slider before it passes C (981143) Vg = 9.19 mis mV,2 No=™& +W Cos 30 1.29.19)? Nos “OI ~~ + 1.2(9.81)Cos 30 Ne=T7.76N ‘® Normal force exerted by the guide on slider just after it passes C [ W Cos 30 x 1.2(9.81) Cos 30 q 1019N Ne433 » Normal force exerted by the guide on the slider just before it passes E Ve=V2gh Ve= V2003) Ve=7.67 mis 2 neewe 1 2 Nes a8 +1.2(9.81) = 35.3 N The 10 kg slider A moves with negligible ‘idion up the inclined guide. The attached Spring has a stiffness of 60 Nim and is stethed 0.6 m. in position A where the slider ' released from rest. The 250 N force F is Constant and the pulley offers negligible ‘Rsistance to the motion of the chord. ® Compute the change in gravitational potential energy of the slider as it passes point C. Compute the change in elastic potential energy of the slider as it passes point C Compute the velocity of the slider as it passes point C. 8 Solution: ) Change in gravitational potential energy of the slider as it passes point C h=15Sin 30 h=0.75m Gravitational potential energy = A Vg AVg= 10(9.81(0.75) AVq= 73.575 joules (N.m) Change in elastic potential energy of the slider as it passes point C: Ve =3K (22-11) AVe= £(60) (2.1)?- (0.671 AVe = 121.5 Joules (N.m) @ ® Velocity of slider as it passes point C: while the slider moves from A to C, the 250 N force moves a distance equal to 1.677 - 0.75 = 0.927 m. Non potential force doing work U=250(0.927) U=231,75 joules Change in KE of the slider: $m Vo2- Vat) AT = }(10XV potent energy aA inal potential enerOY ane spring constant K_ for which ofthe collar at Bis 1.5 m/s 2. 2(0.6)(0.5)C0s 120 athe 0 Value of ye velocity ec’= (05) #0 5) gc =0866m. Potential energy: PE. =} kh x= 0866-05 120366 ) 205 Cos 30° h=0433 pe = $k (0.388 5.810433) PE.=Q067K- 21.24 =imve+PE. 0 S615? +0067K- 21.24 15615 =0.067K K=233 Nin © Potential energy at B. PE.=0.067K-2124 The 2 kg collars released tor ee Be inclined bod ol nt vertical plane. The coefficient of kinetic hey kinetic fiction @ Compute the velocity of th , strikes the spring. @ caller as it @ Compute the maximum deflection of the spring. @ Compute the work done by the spring, Solution: ) Velocity of the collar as it strikes the sping N=2(9.81) Cos 60° 498N/=1962 N=981 , FEN F =0.40 (9.81) F=3.924N 1 Pos. work - Neg. work = 5m (ve-Vy) 1 419,62 Sin 60° (0.5) -3.928(05) = 9 2H Vp= 2.56 mis ® Maximum deflection of the spring. s ( 19.62 Sin 60° (x+0.5)-3924K #09 fk 4 gad" 16,99 c+ 0.5) -3.924(x+ 05172! 13.066 (x + 0.5) = 800x2 13,086 (x + 0.5) = 800 x? x? -0.01633x - 0.008166 = 0 c= 0.01633 + 0.18147 @ X= 0.0989 m, x= 98.9 mm437 «Work done by the spring atkx? We kx We } (1600)(0.0989)? W=782Nm (Joules) wi: The 6 kg cyindrcal colar i released from rest in the position shown and drops onlo the spring. Calculate the velocity of the cylinder when the spring has been compressed 50 mm Al A 6 ke 00 ke 12kNm Solution: Velocity of the cylinder when the spring has been compressed by 50 mn, 500.0 $90 nn =" 50 nf 0580) Jia? = vev,y 1 9.81)0.58 2 (12000)(0.05)2 = Sve 0) V=241 ms The system is released {rom rest with the spring initially stretched 75 mm. Calculate the velocity of the cylinder after it has dropped 12 mm. The spring has a stiffness of 1050 Nim. Neglect the mass of the pulley. Lf ; Li Initial velocity of cylinder 5 my,2= 5 ke? ; (45)V2 = (1050)(0.075)? Vy = 0.3623 mis 1 1 pmiv? -Ve)= 9 K(0.012 5 (H5)Ve?- (0.3625) =} (1050}0.012 V2 =0.37 mis438 ay: A train weighs 16,000 KN. The train resistance is constant at 96,000 N. If 6000 hp are avaiable to pul tis train up a 2% grade, what willbe its speed in koh? 16,000 Solution: P = 96,000 + 16,000 (1000) (3) p=416,000N wv hp = 746 416000 6000 = 746 . km yerorsmiee. (onrn) (RE) 238.7 kph ao pa “ : 100 KN is being pulled up a yt fe. js increas 2 OF tm, Fi te aT power developed by the in 12 yn NH jm Solution: 2 (300) -5000(300) -1000(1000) 5) 200) 1 (1000) (1000) = 00) 12? P=43349N Pv hea tp = 434912) pe a6 hp= 687 hp WO. tis experimentally determined that the Wheels of a car must exert a tractive for? 530N on the road surface inorder to mart a steady vehicle speed of 90 koh o” horizontal road. If tis known that the ore drive train efficiency is 0.70, determine ‘equired motor output? Solution: Pry = 560(90) / Nim IB As = 14000 watts Pe texw SFekngy = Mp Out Supt 14 a Outpyy 07 P20iT Tyee) Led i he er winch A hoist the 360 kg log up t | Dalene ata constant speed of 1.2 mis. If | the power dulput of the winch is 4 KW. | ® Which of the following gives the tension in the cable. Which of the following gives the value of the coefficient of kinetic friction py between the log and the incline Mf the power is suddenly increased to 6 KW, what is the corresponding instanianeous acceleration of the log, Solution: | Tension in cable | N= 3532 Cos 25° N=3200N T= Uy N+ 3532 Sin 25° T=3200 pyyd + 1493 e e ° Power= Ty 4000= T (1.2) T= 3333 ° Cosi. of kinetic fiction: T= 3200 pq + 1493, 3333 = 3200 iy + 1493 k= 0.575 e ‘Instantaneous acceleration:3539 PeTy 8000 = 7 (1,2) T=5000N wet BE 315.320)) =1840 ] T-539 Sin 96° i Foe Sin 25" - 1840 = ma 00- 1493. 4849 = 2 92489mg 8 438-A CEE de A 10000 kg airplane must reach a velocity of 60 mis to take off. If the horizontal force exerted by the planes engine is 60 kN and neglecting other horizontal forces. What length of runway is needed? Suppose you want to design an auxiliary rocket unit that will allow the airplane to reach its take off speed using only 100 m. of runway, what horizontal component of thrust must the rocket unit provide? Assume that the combined mass of the rocket and the airplane is 10500 kg, Determine the © maximum —_ power transferred to the airplane when it takes off at 60 mis with a horizontal force exerted by the plane engine equal to 60 KN. Solution: Length of runway needed: © Work= + mye 2 60000 L = ; (10000)(60)2 L=300m. S Horizontal trust needed to reach a take off speed of 60 m/s with a 100 m. length of runway. : sim Work= 5 m F, (100) = ; (10500)(60)2 Fx= 189000N Fe= 189 KN (both rocket and plane) Therefore the rocket must provide @ horizontal thrust = 189-60 = 129 kN @ Max. power transferred to the airplane: P=FV P = 60000 (60) P= 3600000 watts P= 3.6 MW488 (WORK AND ENERGY) COG The fowee exerted on a car by a prototype crash tamer asthe barrier Coshes is F =~ (H400 + S00NS) Ny whore & I the stance in motors tn the inal contact Suppose that you want to design the bavtiar 80 that it can siop a 2400 Ag car tarling at 10 ph, © What is the necessary etfectiv lo ‘he barrier? That is: what is the required for the barrier to skp ath of distance bag the car to ® Determine the force exeited on tho 8 prototype crash banier ag the crushas, What average power is trastered fom the car during tho impact the duration of {he impact of the cat is 0.33, car by banier sec Solution: ‘ stance reauted forthe barrier jp ‘ving the car to stop Vv Fes y= 100(1000) 3600 V=27.78ms Fema WwW dS dt dt =m— WV Fds Li ® Force exorted {' die {mvav ‘ wpe ! (4v00 + s00009) 45 «[ 4 I, 80000 8) ( A008 9 400 > (OF ary {4008 + 250008" « 26074 8° 01065970400 4m, on-8 car by 8 prokaype Crash damier Fs 4400 + s00008, F 4400 + So000(6) F = 308400 N F WO4GKN Average power transmitted from the of ring impact it tho duration of he nga 180.33 sec. Powor = Work Time Work = fF ds $ Works f 0 2 Work = 44005 « 0000s! (4400 + 500008) dS Work = 4400(6) + 2500/6) Work = 926400 Nim = 926400 Powor Cy Power » 2807273 wats Powers 2.6 AWWORK AND ENERGY) 439 a wa Acar with a mass of 1500 kg starts from rests at the bottom of a 10% grade and acquires a speed of 50 kph in a distance of 100 m. with constant acceleration up the grade. What is the power P delivered to the drive wheels by the engine when the car reaches this speed? Solution: F(100) - 1500(9.81)sin 6 (100) =hmive M42) ve =13.89 mis Fo) 100¢981y0.19(100)= $ret. a57- 0 F=2918.5N PsFy P=2918.5(13.89) © 160 kg woman rides a 7 kg bicycle up a th slope at a constant speed of 2 mis How much Power must be developed by ® the woman? HOH man on a9 ig bicye's starts down 3% slope and maintains a constant ‘d Of 6 mis by braking. How much © Watt's dissipated by the brakes? 4 kg woman jogs up the fight of stairs 7,0, 38: Determine her average power Sabu it the total vertical distance of the Sateway is 2.75 m, Solution: D Power developed by the woman 2 mvs fan@= 3 00 6719.81) 7 8s 657.27 N 2472 7 =F F = 657.27 Sin F = 657.27 Sin 1.72" t F1971N440 conn ennty F=971.19Sin 0 F =971.19 Sin 1.72" F= 29.15 P=FV P= 29.15(6) = 174.9 watts @® Average power output of a 54 kg woman Work Pe Time I p= ose 5 P= 291.4 watts ‘train weighing 100 tons is being pulled uP 2 2% grade. The Wain resistance fs constant at 40 tb. per ton, The speed of the train Is increased from 20 fs to 40,f in a distance of 1000 ft. Find the maximum horsepower developed by the locomotive. W=100 tons Solution: 100(2000)=200000 Ib. (p - 1000 - 200000 Sin 0)1 20000 40-207 P- 1000 - 200000 2, = 3726.71 . p= 8726.71 p= Pu. P * 550 8726.71(40) hp = "550 hp = 635 hp Water flows through a nozzle 1 in. in dan under a head of 400 fl. to rive a turbine Turbine is 90% efficient and is connected ba generator which is 94% efficient. What is the horsepower output in kilowatts? Solution: v= Vagh v= Va322)400) V = 160.50 fps Q=AV n(1y a= (72) (160.50) Q= 0.875 ft/sec. P=QywE P = 21840 watts output p =01875(62.4)400) =*"0.90(0.94) P=25.8KWWORK AND ENERGY, 441 Ei. Water enters a hydraulic reaction turbine with a velocity of 12 fps and leaves it 3 ft. lower with a velocity of 4 fps. If 100000 Ib. of water flow the turbine each second, compute the horsepower output. Assume the turbine is 80% efficient. Vp=12 fps Solution: _ 100000 O64 Q= 1602.56 f'isec V2 Puy WP. = 2. atts 25 tat tat He Bubs, ww 22443-0248 = HE HE =4.99 f, = Que eS Hip = 1802.56(62.4)(4.99)(0.80) 550 Hp =725 hp WORK ENERGY APPLIED Pema OKA TAN ~TICARSLATION evileu 50 N weight is swung in a vertical circle at the end of the 1.8 m cord. The maximum strength of the cord is 200 N ® Determine the minimum velocity at which the cord will break. Can the weight be swung through a complete circie? 2 What must be the minimum strength of the cord for the weight to be swung in a complete vertical circle? ison! f [ 1g \ \T=200N (max.) / \ 7 50 sov%er f sovster « 50442 Solution: Minimum velocity at whic! break @ tn the cord will sove T=50+ ii SOV? _ 200 = 50 + 551 (1.8) V=7.27 misec. @ Minimum strength of the cord ALA, T=0 ME sp Vq2 = gr Vg2=V,2 +2gh Ve? = gr + 29(2 1) Ve? =5ogr ALB: 250 + 50a? gr api T=50+ (6g) =300.N + The weight could not be i e swung in a Complete vertical circle, ° ni Qi A weight: . athe eng 22s in a verical cele Boston of the yr cord. As the lowest 400 N, {he tension in the cord is ® How high "High above th ht lowes! i oi Me ae 4 postion will the rpc resul be if i Weigh) bY a stiff rod a eau roo Solution: ® Height above the lowest position the weight rise on the circular path ALA, T=400N 2 100 V2 400 = 100 + gi2 Va=3.6g é AtB, T=0 1000 Va? is Ve = 1.29 Cos 0 = 1000 Cos @443 es But Ve? = Va2- 2 gh 4.29 Cos 0 = 3.6g- 2g (1.2+1.2Cos 6) Cos = 3-2 (1+ Cos 0) Cos 0=3-2-2Cos 0 1 Cos 0= 3 h=1.2+12Cos 0 n=12+12(3) h= 1.6m. ® Result if the cord is replaced by a siif rod of negligible weight ALB, Vg=0 Ve = V,2-2 gh 0=369-2gh h=18m., waa S00 N weight is attached to a stif rod of "egligible weight that is hinged at one end. ‘od is released from rest in a horizontal festion and allowed to swing freely in a owe ate. Through what angle must it swing ‘use a tension init of 1000 N? Solution: 2 T = 500 Cos (90-0) + * we 100 Vp 2 5 1000 = 500 Sin 0 + of wmgstte 228ind +o, 0 Vp2=Vy2+2gh V22=0+2g(rSin0) n= 29° sin e Substitute @ in O: A car starting from rest at A is to attempt the frictionless loop-the-loop shown. The car weighs 750 N and carries a 750-N man. W=IS00N as @ Determine the height h in order for the car to just clear the gap. ® What will be the normal pressure of the track against the car at 8? ® What is the maximum force exerted by the ‘man against his seat during the entire trip?dd W=1S00N Wilgr aN, Nw \ : } NL 4 4 2, ; We gr of asap \. Solution: Height in order for the car to just clear the gap Wav. +2gH V2=0+29(h- 15) V?=2q(n-1.5) giv Sin20 ays: ¥e nas 981 V2 = 298.3 298.3 = 2 (9.81) (h- 1.6) h= 16.70 m, Normal pressure of the tr the Norma 'e track against Vere vee *2g(h-12) Vp?=9.4g F,=0 =W Vee ae, T 1500 9, Ne 180 Maximum force exerted by the m against his seat during the entire tip Vo2=V_2 + 2 gh Ve? =0 +29 (16.70) Vo? =33.4g 0 (334 nears + Ge ed : ciyd A particle of weight W, moving at " vod " gr/4 misec, at the top slides oer surface of a smooth cylinder of i al the vertical height of the particle f leaves the cylinder. Solution: Vo2=V42 + 2gh v2 = G42 g(r-100s 0) vp2= +2 gt +29" C089 o vp2=Sqr-297 Cos 0WORK AND ENERGY, aoa ort WCosO= 9 a v2? =gr Cos 0 Equate © & (2): gt Cos 0= for-2 or Cos cos $gr-2Cos 0 Q aces 3 coso= j h=r-rCos@ ree(§) A aticle of weight W moving with a velocity of Vs f98 at A. slides vertically along the surface of 2 smooth cylinder of 8 f. radius. It leaves this surface at B, dius + Determine the velocity of the block as it ., leaves the surface. ; Determine the initial velocity V,. ® Measured from the center of the cylinder, 120i the particle wavel horizontally tore it strikes the ground? 445 Solution: Velocity of the block as it leaves the surface Vo 5 =f h=8-8Cos 30° h=107 V2=V,2 + 2gh V2=V,2 + 2(32.2)(1.07) Ve =V,2 + 68.91 Wve W.Cos30"= 9 .. Cos 30°= 39 318) V= 1494 fps . Initial velocity V, of the block vi=V,? + 68.91 (14.94)? = V,? + 68.91 = 12.42 tps446 ——————— TT ® Distance the particle travel horizontally before it stikes the ground y=8+8Cos 30 y = 14.93 y=xtan 9 -— 2V? Cost = 14.93 =x tan gor -——32.2%7 2(14.94)? Cos? 30° -1493=0577x-0.096,2 x?-601x- 155.5 =9 + x=982 D=4+9¢9 O= 13824 zl ee Vo = 15 misec at A, determine the ange ‘AoB at which the particle leaves the surtacey the cylinder WVirlgr Solution: h=24-24Cos0 Vp? = Va? #2gh Vp? = (1.5)2 +29 (24-24 Cosé) Vp? = 49.338 - 47.088 Cos © W Ve? gr =Cos 0 Vp? = 9.81 (2.4) (Cos 0) Vp? = 23.544 Cos 8 e Equate © and @ 49,338 - 47 088 Cos (= 23 544 008° 70.632 Cos 0 = 49.338 02457"aa LINEAR IMPULSE- CML Mla Vp fal Vy biti ve We wot w " y ’ we . | e Aw | > EP | o J Pate (Wy M) for variable force | - a in G f ] W N y | @ MAF (Vs Vy) for constant force @ YF © nol force dF eP-F vf" y os "Ww. a os Put Dory Pe YN (Mcthona vee) Pry. 0 ey)| us Case O Given: W= 3220 Initial velocity is zero Find: @ Velocity after 10 sec @® Displacement after 10 sec. Solution: ® Velocity after 10 sec. V=area of the force time curve 28). uy= Ulva-V9 322 a2 vy, V2= 128 fps ® Displacement ater 10 sec. s=f neat 32.2] 20(6) 7 EL Po-sa] S=296f. Case @ Given: W= 322 bo, Initial velocity = 8 fps Find: ® Velocity ater 10 sec, @ Displacement ater 10 sec @ Velocity after 10 sec 30(6) 322 ME). 34) = 399 (¥o-¥o 78 = 10(V2-8) Vp= 15.8 fps Displacement after 10 sec S= Vt Dark s =e +322 [280-290] S= 1316 ft * a ‘A 1500 N block is in contact wih ale whose coefficient of kinetic friction 04 @ Ifthe block is acted upon a hori of 250 N, what time will elapse te block reaches a velocity of 145 starting from rest? @ ithe 250 N force is then reno much longer will the block cot move? 1500 V;=0 — Vz=14.5 ms wd Solutio, Time elgg ost fore the block Velocity of Teast starting f" 4 Frun e449 Dt OM (250 - 1s0t= (145-0) t= 22.2 sec. @ Time the block continue to move Bhat 9-¥o (0-150) t= paro-t4 5) t= 14.8 seconds We: A horizontal force of 1500 N pushes a 100 N block up an incline whose slope is 3 vertical to 4 horizontal. If u k = 0.20, determine the time fequired to increase the velocity of the block from 3 to 15 m/sec. Solution: = tooo (4 N= 1000 (5) = 800N F =0.20 (800) = 160 N Beets Mv) loss) 2105-3) mote! (Ot ogi yay (12) 11.65 sec Determine the value of P that will give the system of blocks in the figure shown a leftward velocity of 20 fps, 10 seconds after starting from rest 400. 400. 400 Ib Solution: 200 wo \30; ey Ee ne : wv “ re 400i Xe 1 |N,=100 ¥r YF =P -Fp-Fy~400 + 100 F=0.20Np Np = 200 Cos 30° = 173.21 Ib F = 0.20(17321) F = 34.64 Ib = 100(0.20) Fy=20Ib ~ 34.64 - 20 - 400 + 100 + 364.64 pete g (a: vi) Pe -sxamon zz 0) + 309 20- 0) s32200-0) (P 354.6410 = 2; 400 +100 +200) P= 398.121b.om A644 Ib block is in Contact wy, ’ in the figure has & The system sow ips. What valve of P level plane. It is acted upon ty 4 p.m sgntward volo” ‘of 20 fps in a timo force P which varios according ta pg ie we gre ta load P= tat- 3 where P is in pox ‘lite, ioral of 20 800 seconds ne ng: Vy00 fps — ® Determine the max. positive 400. 400 block alts, Vp=20 fps 400, —_—— ® Determine the time when ay the tery a 400 again be at rest ” 020 A, Wo6A 4h _ 400 Ib P — Solution: 1) Max. positive velocity of 2 block 100 Ib Ft = m(V2 w Pat=— (V-0) frasfw-o 400 Ib DF =P-F,-F,-400¢ 100 DF =P-3464- 20-400 + 100 SF =P- 36464 e(4)? - (4 16 fps Time when the Siock wil again ea Bete aM) (P25 6420) » 2°21 ays 190» 200) Jur set S00 0 P= 3872 122 a! 20a" 6P 20 t= 6 sec450-4 aE 636-A Problem: The total extemal force on a 10 kg object is constant and equal 10 901 ~ 60) + 20k (N). At t= 2-sec,, the objects velocity is - 81 + 6) (ms). » What impulse is applied to the object from t= 2 sec. tot=4 sec. Whats the objects velocity at t= 4 sec.? What is the z-component of the objects velocity at t= 4 sec.? Solution: Impulse applied to the object from t = 2 sec. tot = 4 see, DFt= impulse TFt= Fatt Fyt+ Ft Fes 90(2)i~60(2\j + 20(2)k Ft= 180i- 120) + 40k e ° Objects velocity at t= 4 sec. ALt= 2500, Ve=-8 W=6 Vy Deis mVe~Va) 90(2) = 10 (Va 8) Vac= 10 mis ZF yt= m(Vy-V,) ~60(2) = 10 (Va)~6) Vy=-6 mis BFit=m(Ve-Vy) 20(2)= 10 (Va~0) Vaz 4 mis V5 101-6) 4k 2 co Of the objects velocity at Bate mveny, 200)= 0(¥5 5) Vaz 4ms 636-B Problem A crate is placed on an inclined plane which makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal and is supported by a cable attached to the winch placed at the top of the inclined plane. The crate has a mass of 120 kg. and the coefficient of friction between it and the inclined plane are us=06and x= 0.50. 1) What tension must the winch exert on the cable to start the stationary crate sliding up the inclined plane? D What is the velocity of the crate when it has moved 2m. up the inclined plane? 3 Determine the time for the crate to move up 2m. up the inclined plane. Solution: ® Tension which the winch exert on the cable to start the crate sliding up. ‘1a631) wl 7 v0 ‘N N= 120(9.81) Cos 30° }20(9.81) Sin 30° + 7 = 568 +612 T= 1200N40-8 Voy ofthe erate as moves, 20 UP ® te dock uae FEN Fe 120(9.81) Cos 30° (0.5) F= 508.74 N Using work energy equation: Pos work — Neg work = Fve-vey 1200(2) ~ 120(9.81) Sin 30° (2) = 509.742) = 2 (2-0) V2= 1.84 m/s e Time the crale to move up 2 m. up the inclined plane, TALE m (V2-Vi) (120 ~ 120(9.81) sin 30° - $09.74) = 120(1 84 ~0) '™ 2.47 soe, \-1200 kg. helicopter starts from rst ay The components of the total foreg iy holicoptor starts from rest at : "4 components of the total force on the has fom t= 0 to t= 10 sac ae g YFe® 7201, SF) = 2160 ~ 3600, SF, «9 1) Determine the helicopters volocty atts 80 2D ALL= 20 sec, the helicopters velo 361 + 6) (1s), What is the average ot {otal force acting on the craft from ts 806 101 20 sec. Express in vector Compute the magnitude of the ave total force acting on the craft from t sec, tot = 20 sec Solution: Helicopters velocity att = 10 J SF dt=mqy, -M) REF iF [+R k LF = 720ti + (2160 - 3600) +0 » J rraoci+ 260 - s6aypet= 1281 0 360(10)? i + 2160(10)) = 18010) | 36000 i + 3600 j = 1200 V, V, ©3014 3) mvs V, = y(a0y" +" V, 230.15 m/s(IMPULSE - MOWENTUN) sie Se Sn: @® Average total force aching on the craft from 1 10 sec, tot» 20 sac veloeity att velocity att m(Ve=i) 1200(38i + 8) DOK + 6000) 20 see 10 see SF at TFit SF (20-10 » 720) + 600) 1200(90i + 3) } Magnitude of the force SF = y(720)" + (600)' 937.23 N The motorcycle starts from rest at a travels along a circular track with a 400 m. radius. The tangential component of the total foroe on the motorcycle from t= 0 to t= 30 sec. is SF: = 200 ~ 6t (N). The combined mass of the motorcycle and rider is 150 kg What is the magnitude of the velocity at 30 sec? What is the average of the tangential component of the total force from t= 0 to t= 3€ sec.? @ What is the average of the normal component of the total force from t = 0 to t= 30 sec.? Solution: Magnitude of the velocity at t = 30 sec. J EF, (ay=my, -my, : ; J (200-61) at= 150, -0 : ey [aa &/ = 150V, v, = 20-34 150 200430) -3(30)’ = 150 v, V= 22 m/s » Average of the ty ‘component ngential tho Wola Foren fan t=O ots 30 noe DF ine (b=) =m (Ve vp LF (30 ~ 0) = 150(22 ~ 0) YFinve® 110 Averago of the normal companent of the {otal force from t = 0 to t = 30 see. Xf, sma, (150) (400) — (ty -) DF = J OF (1800000) 5 Few = (1800000) SF (1800000) F,.., * = WOK)" 2 Yoav # 89.3 Nfire truck design for rapid from resi to 80 kph in 35 sec. 9 assumed as a first approximation ° tine langential force exerted on the vetice is Constant, what is the magnitude of the force applied to the vehicle during the 35 sec. ® What average horsepower is transferred to the vehice? the vehicle stants from rest at. {= 0, and ‘the total horizontal for ree exerted on it as a function of time is F = 10000 + 140t (Ny, using the principle of impulse and momentum, determine how fast. the ‘Vehicle is moving at t= 35 sec Solution: © Impulse applied to the vehicle in 35 sec, Fee miV2—Vy) Ve= 30000 3600 Ve= 22.22 mis Fs 21900 (22.22 ~ 9 Ft= 486 618N5 p= 426618 % F=13903N ® Power transferred to the vehicle Perry P= 14903 (22.22) P= 308092 watts p. name 6 Pe ata 12 hp hp ® Velocity of vehicle att = 35 sac. JRF diem(y, -\y) 0 J (10000 + 1401) dt= 21900 v, - 9 . 6 ; [won “ | = 21900, 10000(35) + 70/35)’ = 21909 Y, V2= 19.9 mis 101? i + 69 (N) 9, the objects velocity is gi Att= 4) (m's). © What impulse is appiied to the object from t= Otot=4 ‘Sec. ® Whats the objects velocty at t=4 sec © What is the h average total force on the Object ftom ¢ = Otot= 4 sec. Solution; Impulse plied to th '€ object from t= 0 to =4 20 OF for a period of 2 seq Impulse = yep @ 1+ €0t)) dt I 3 Impuise = Jive a Prowse [1001 co 3 2 Impulse = 10(4)? 3) #3004) | mouse = 219.954 480)IMPULSE - MOMENTUM} 450-E a © Objects velocity at t= 4 sec, Ft=m(V2-Vi) FL= 213.31 + 480) 213.31 + 480} = 20{V2- (Bi ~ 4) 213.31 + 480j = 20V2~ 20(8% - 4)) 213.31+ 160i + 480) - 80) = 20V2 373.321 + 400) = 20V2 Va 18.Ti+ 20) e Average total force on the object from t= 0 tot=4 sec. BFeve (te th) = m(V2- V1) TFave (4-0) = 20{(18.7i + 20)) - (81 - 4) 43 Fave = 3741 + 400j - 160i + 80) Toes 214+ 480) 4 Yaw = 53.51 + 120) a oe Crom lem: ha crate is placed along an inclined plane The 2 angle of 30° from the horizontal. cre ents Of friction between the 20 kg ee oy ‘he inclined plane are bs = 0.24 and ‘eran ‘e the crate starts from rest and a roe F = is appli ebane upd 200 N is applied to move 6 » What ig the friction fo for ag Cibrumy. "ton force necessary oats magnitude of the velocity of © hat Men ithas moved 2 m the craig 2anitude of the velocity of Yerizoni Me” it has moved 2 m. if the ce F = 40 N? Solution: © Friction force necessary for equilibrium: F = 200 Cos 30° - 196.20 Sin 30° Fe75.1N ® Velocity of crate when it has moved 2 m. Ni = 196.20 Cos 30° + 200 Sin 30° N= 26991 fe usNi f= 0,24(269.81) f=6478N<75.1 the block will slide up Using work-energy equation. 196.20.N f= paNi f= 0.22(269.91)450-F Work = i m(vz = Ve) 200 Cos 30°(2) - (59.38 + 196.20 Sin30)(2) = $e) veo) Vo= 1.77 mis @ Magnitude of velocity when it has moved 2m. when F =40.N 20(9.81) = 196.20.N Ni =40 Sin 30° + 196 20 Cos 30° Nr = 189.91 h=41.78N The block will move downward: 1 Work= — m(vat-Vit 196.20 Sind0'(2)— 41.78(2) - 40 Cos30" (2) A test of an energy absorbing bumper . 1270 kg car is driven into a bamer at jap The duration of the impact is 0.4 sec. ang car bounces back from the barrier at 1.6 koh @ What is the magnitude of the a horizontal force exerted on the car deg the impact? @ What is the average deceleration of ty car during the impact? @ Whatis the average value of the impuiste force? Solution: @ Magnitude of average horizontal fone exerted on the car during impact LS V¥)=8 kph Face t= m (V2 Vi) ieee 3600 Viz -2.222mis Ve= 10 3600 Vas + 0.444 mis Fave (0.4) = 1270 0.444 - (-2.2221] Foe = 6465 N @ Average acceleration of the caro impact Wo=Vitat 0.444 = -2.222 + a(04) a= 6.67 mis?@ Average value of impulse force Impulse = 8465(0.4) Impulse = 3386 N.S Problem: Tre total extemal force on an object is = 10t i + 60) (N). Att = 0, the objects wean LVS 20j (ms). ALL= 12 sec, the ‘component ofits velocity is 48 mis. © Determine the mass of the object. @ Deemine the impulse applied to the object fom t= 0to t= 6 sec. ® Determine the objects velocity at t= 6 sec. Solution: D Mass ofthe object Fe Frit Fyj = 108 450-G ® Impulse applied to the object from t = 0 to t= 6 sec in L 0. & poe, 0 6 12 Att=6 sec. =60 Fy=60 Impulse: SF.t (Area of diag.) Impulse = oe i+ 60(6)j DF et= 180/+ 360) Objects velocity at t= 6 sec. Att=0, Ve=0, W=20mis Att=6 ZFat= mVs~Vy) 2) 2 *M(48~0) m= 154g, Impulse = area of shaded diag, of Fy a8 = =m (Ve~0) « = 15 Ve ikImpulse = area of shaded diagram of Fy Fy 60(6) = m (Vey - 0) 60(6) = 15 Vox Vez 121+ 44j _ 6. eds The total extemal force on constant and equal to 901 - t = 2 sec, the objects velocity is - (m/s). What impulse is applied to the object from t=2sec. tot=4 sec. What is the objects velocity at t= 4 sec. What is the z-component of the velocity of the object at t= 4 sec. ‘a 10 kg object is 60) + 20k (N). At si + G 8 68 Solution: @ Impulse applied to the object from t = 2 sec. tot = 4 sec. Ft = impulse tit yt] + Fotk SFt = 90(2) i - 60(2) j + 20(2) k SFt = 1801- 120/+ 40k 2 e Objects velooly att=4 sec atts 2986) vz-8, W286, Veg peat m(Vua- Ve) 90(2) = 40 (Vax + 8) Van = 10 dS Sry t= m (Vay - Vi) - 60(2) = 10 (Vay - 6) Vay 2-6 mis sFet= m(Ve-Ve) 20(2) = 10 (Vaz - 0) Vez = 4 mis ve 101-6] + 4k Z-component 9 at t= 4 sec. SFet= m(Ve-V) 20(2) = 10 (Vaz - 0) Vaz = 4 m/s451 En EEE The force-time curve for a body weighing 461 Ib. is given as shown, Assuming that the inital velocity Va = 6 fps. ® Compute the bodies velocity after 6 sec. ® Compute the displacement after 6 sec. F Solution: ® Velocity after 6 sec. 1044) ‘1, 0a =Swv-wy 20-12=5(V-6) V=76 fps ® Displacement ater 6 sec. Se Vet Beat z 32.271 s oe «322 [1041 (5+2)-2010] S=469 4. We A body initially at rest is acted upon by a constant force of 18 Ib. for 5 sec. after which an opposite force of 12 Ib. is applied. In what additional time will the body come to rest? Solution: ‘Additional time the body will come to rest. DFt= m(V2- V4) 18(5) - 12t = m(0) t=7.5 sec. UE A body 322 body moves under the action of a force a given by the relation P = 18 - 3t, where P is in pounds and t in sec. If the body starts from rest, in how many seconds will it stop? Solution: DFt= m(Vp-V3) Ww Jra=Mi-v) [08-2982 0.0| 540 | Probl A 322 Ib, body moves undef Variable force P according tothe law P = 12.- 412 where P is in pounds and tin sec. the body starts from rest, determine its velocity and displacement after 8 sec. + the action of 8 Solution: ® Velocity ater 8 sec Jra=Yve-vo Jirar-aiya = Be v0) sae a =10V bere 6(8)?- ; (8) = 10V V=-29.9 fps @ Displacement after 8 sec. 4 sofif'es-0388 s-% ap (8-1(t2t- At2)at sof feos ea = Jf. 44t? + 4)dt eye sot [ee ty ‘ set [eae Sor ow] S=-344 A figure shown, P = 10t- © where p " ie and if tin sec. How far has the wwe ody traveled from rest before i stans direction of motion? reverse its 322 Ib P smouth Solution: SFt= m(V2- Vs) fost = m(V2- Vs) Jioe- 2)dt= W verse its direction when v,=0 Itwill start to re: to 18 _ 322 “273-322 e sP=5 t= 15 sec. (0-0) ty sf) (ty = )Pat Bf" (15-(10t- Pat 15 1 sei (150t - 102 - 1512 + P)dt 0 15 10-9 s:/ [mete is wl 23 *4), 1 “ S= 49 [isos -Basy+ ost] S= 1406. (150t - 25t? + tatIMPULSE MOMENTUM) 453 EA: ‘A variable horizontal forco P= 50 ¥ tis applied to the block shown. If the weight of the block is 200 Ib. and the coofficient of friction for the block is 0.20, determine the velocity of the block 3 sec: after it starts from rest W200 Ib. N=200 Solution: fea = m(V2V4) 3 3) _ 200 Jeon Hat =40t = 559 (V0) sass 62ty " $06) -40(3) = 6.21 = 609 ps ME tan 20s 450 wad force is applied on the 200 N block "Sal rest as shown in the figure. 200N 50N 1) Compute the coefficient of friction between the block and the horizontal plane if after it moves a distance of 40 m., its velocity is 10 mis ® Find the acceleration of the block. (#) Compute the distance traveled by the block at the end of 20 sec. Solution: Coefficient of friction: {” N V0 Po.s work - Neg. work = 50 Cos 30° (40) - F (40) =4(2) (07-0) F=17.82N N = 200 - 50 Sin 30° N=175 SF=ma 50 Cos 30° - F = va 43.30 - 17.82 = * a a= 1.25 mis?yveled at the end of 20 sec. re N son ® Distance tra pr, t=m V2" vi) (50 Cos 30" - 47.82)(20) = 9.g1 = (V2- 0) vp 225 m/s Pos, work - Neg work = “4 qv2-V¥) Cos 30° x~ 47.82 X= sary’ 25)" = 250m. Two blocks are ined an in extensible cable as mn. cece or friction between OI ind she 25 and neglect the mass an ynd friction oe the elev fter it locity of block A a! » Determine ve vel ® has moved 2 * eames the velocly of block B after B ® Deter mine the tie it 10 distance of 2 m. kA to move @ Solutio Velocity of block A after it has moved pevesesnneee 2m N= 200(9.81) 25(N) 25 (2009.81) F=490.5N pos. work - Neg. work = change Kee energy (0- 490. ae + 600(9 81)(1) 5 ony? 0) +3 (0 (4) aes 10V? +75V? 25.29 Mis? jock Ba hhas moved 2 then A will move 2 ris twice be < 3 = a ® 4m. and vel of B. Pes cs. wo = Neg. x = change’ E 0 5K8)* nena 25 5 ao0yevr'* 2 +4 00" = 1962 + 7 m= 400V? ?, sv? ve 3,74 mis Timeit manners Ft? 3m a ant yen Wr2 pt sao sows 1 =0.25 se(delta ze ‘The total force on a 20 kg object is 1012 i + 60) (N). Att = 0, the objects velocity is 8i~ 4j (mls). © What impulse is applied to the object from t=Otot=4 sec. ® Whatis the objects velocity at t= 4 sec. @® What is the average total force on the object from t= 0 to t= 4 sec Solution: |® Impulse applied to the object from t = 0 to t= 4 sec or for a period of 2 sec. impulse = SFt Impuise =f 1? i+60t) dt ° _[ tori, 6ot?j 7 rouse =| Impuse = 104 toa? aoa) Impulse = 213.3i + 480) D Objects velocity at t= 4 sec. Ft= m (V2~Vs) Ft= 213.31 + 480) 213.31 + 480j = 20[V2 — (Bi ~ 4))] 213.31 + 480j = 20V2 - 20(8i - 4)) 213.31 + 160i + 480) ~ 80j = 20V2 373.321 + 400j = 20V2 Ve= 18.714 20) 454-A ® Average total force on the object from t = 0 lot=4 sec. DFave (te — th) = m(V2~ Vi) DF ave (4 ~ 0) = 20((18.7i + 20)) - (8i - 4)) 42 Fave = 374i + 400j - 160i + 80) SF en ate DFave = 53.5/ + 120) CEES dae X iu) The crate has a mass of 120 kg and the coefficients of friction between it and the sloping dock are Js = 0.6 and x = 0.5. The crate starts from rest and the winch exeries a tension of T = 1220 + 200t (N). @ What impulse is applied to the.crate during the first second of motion? @ Whatis the crate's velocity after 1 sec? @® Whats the power transmitted to the winch after 1 sec? Solution: ® Impulse applied to the crate during the first second of motion. a Ws 120(9.81) \yreyAan Ne 1UFF.20 Gow 0° Ne wo1aon F 9 0. 8(1019.49) fe soo 74 [YF ate inpuise Inpuise ® f (1220020001177 20 8 inpulse = [ (121.65 + 2001) dt 200 121,661 impulse ® 7 Impulse = 121.66(1) + 100(1)" impulse = 221,66 N.S @ Crate's velocity after 1 sec, YFtemV 221.66 = 120V V= 1.05 mvs & Power transmitted to the winch after 1 soc. Pet P= 221,66(1 85) P= 410.07 watts, ALL = 0, a 20 kg projectile is given an initial velocity of 20 mis at an angle 60° above the horizontal (Determine the velocity of the projectile at t= 3 sec. (® What impulse is applied to the projectilo by its weight fom t= 0 to t= 3 sec I the projectile obtained its initial velocity as the result of an impulsive forc 0 that accelerated it fom rest to 20 mls in 0.006 Sec, what was the magnitude of th average total force exerted oni? ° vy, Vo 1s Solution: Volocity of projectile at t= 3 sec Vas = 20 Cos 60° Var = 10 m/s Vy1 = 20 Sin 60° Vy = 17.32 mis Wee Vyi-gt Vy = 1732-9811 Vir = 10 mis Ve Vait Vai V= 1014 (17.32 -9811)j when (= 3 sec, V= 101 +(17.32~9.84 (3) }) V= 101-1211) Impulse applied to the projectile tom s weight from t= 0 to t= 3 sec. Impulse = Force x time Impulse = - 20 (9.81)t Impulse = - 20 (9.81) (3) Impulse = - 588.6 joules Average magnitude of impulsive fore Ft=m(V2—Vi) Vis0 20 F (0.0006) = 20 (20 - 0) F< 667677 N F = 667 KN455 Hea ; The loaded 150 kg slip is rolling down the incline at 4 m/s when a force P is applied to the cable as shown at time (= 0. The force P is increased uniformly with the time until it teaches 600 N al (= 4 sec., after which time it temains constant at this value. Treat the skip as a particle. © Compute the time *t" at which the skip reverses its direction. ® Compute the velocity of the skip at t= 8 sec ® Compute the velocity of the skip at t=7 sec. Solution: © Time "t" at which the skip reverses its direction. Note: The skip will reverse its direction When the velocity is zero. Using impulse - momentum equation 190(9.81)=1471.5.N wo] 8) P=600 2P 61200 F,t=m (W2-V4) V2=0 Vy=4 mis 12008) « s200(4n - 1501081 Sin 30 (4 +t = 150 (0-(-4)) 464.25. At = 150(4) + 150(9.81) Sin 30°(4) -600(4) At= 2.46 sec. 1244246 1646 sec. (Lime the skip wil reverse its direction) ® Velocity of the skip at t = 8 sec. TN) 4 (sec) 20018) + 1200(4) - 150(9.81) Sin 30° (8) = 150 [V-(-4)} V=476 mis ® Velocity of the skip at t = 7 sec. Tw) 1204 «2003-15881 sin 30 = 150 [V-(-4)] 849.75 = 150V mis V=167 mis456 pa. From the figure shown © Aoree of 10 N is requited to bring down the 100 N body 6 m. from rest. Compute the velocity of the block when ittravels 6 1m. from rest. Neglecting friction. ® Determine the time that the block had traveled a distance of 6 m. ® Determine the distance it could travel in order to attained a velocity of 12 mis. Solution: © Velocity when travels a distance of 6 m. Pos. work- Neg, work = roe -via) 70 (60 +8.66)6)-0= 5 (M)Iy.2. ray V2=8.31 mis 249.81: ® Time it traveled 6 m. DF t=m(V2-V4) 400 (68.66)t= 9 g; (831-0) t= 1.44 sec. ® Distance it could travel in order to attaineg a velocity of 12 mis. 1W 2 Pos. work - Neg. work = > o (22 - vy q 00, (6866 x-0=4 Salie?-0%] x= 12.51 m. A constant force P = 750 N acts on the block as shown during only the first 6 m. of its motion starting from rest. Coefficient of friction between the block and the horizontal plane is 0.20 1600 N 1609 N leon. mad \ Le | $n ——_} 4m} " © Which of the following gives the velocity of the block afler it has moved a total distance of 9m. ‘Which of the following gives the time that the block moves a total distance of 9 m. Which of the following gives the total Gistance that the block has moved untl it will stop. 8 Solution: Velocity of block afler it moves 9 m. 1600 N 1600 750 Qi 7 Nr IN2 eUsing Work - Energy oan from AtoB Pos. Work - Neg Work = 3 aa Pv?) = 1600 - a8) eh a) Fy =0.20(1150) F)=230N No = 1600N Fo=HNe F2=0.20(1600) F2=320N | als 6 = 230(6) - 320(3) = V2= 3.93 mis 2 ra i y Vz") + Time to travel from A to B’ Vy= 3.93 is 1460 101600 Using Impulse Theorem: a) Wao v2 Pos. Work Neg. Work = 2, a Ea) + 230(6) - 320 x = sox 2220 x= 5.94 m. 7 i m0" 9) Total distance = 6 + 5.94 Total distance = 11.94 m. bs: A 400 N block slides on a horizontal plane by applying a horizontal force of 200 N. and reaches a velocity of 10 mis in a distance of 30 m. from rest. 400 N w V0 V;=10 mvs ® Which of the following gives the coefficient of friction between the floor and the block. ® Which of the following gives the total distance that the block will move until it stops ifthe 200 N force is removed when it reaches 30 m. from rest. Which of the following gives the time the block moves a distance of 30 m. from rest. Solution: Coefficient of friction between the block and floor. ie458 IW y,2 v2 os. Wok Neg, Wotk=9-g (Vz vy) zn) -Fe0)=3 55 (007-1 6000 - 30F = 2038.74 F= 132.06 F=pN 132.06 = p (400) y=033 ® Total distance the block will move until it will stop: 400 400 400 Pos. Work - Neg. Wom = 9 2 V2) 200(30) - 132.06(30) -132.06x = 400 29.81) 0) x= 1543m ‘Total distance traveled = 30 + 15.43 Total distance traveled = 45.43 m. ® Time to move 30 m. from rest DFt= m(Vo-vy (200 - 32.06) t= a (10-0) 1=6 sec. A box slides from rest at Point A down inclined plane inclined 30° to the horizons After reaching the bottom of the plane, the by moves on a horizontal floor at a distance 2 4 before coming to rest. Coefficient of tricia between the box and the floor is 0.40. ® Which of the following gives the distene from point A to the intersection of th inclined plane and the horizontal floor Which of the following gives the velocity the block as it reaches the intersection ¢ the inclined plane and the horizontal foc, Which of the following gives the total tim of travel unit it stop. e Solution: ) Distance from A to the intersection ¢ inclined plane and horizontal floor: Ny = W Cos 30° Ny =0.866 W Fy=yN Fy = 0.40(0.866) W Fy = 0.3464 W Fo= uN F2=0.40WPos Work Neg Work = °° (Vy? . v4?) 1W Win IOC FFD)" (0-0) 0 SW x- 0 MB4 Wa - 0 40W (2) #0 xeS2im Velocity of block at B Pos. Work - Neg. Work 2 W Sin 30°(5 21) = 0.3464W(5.21) We) g (ve -Vad Ww 2 * 319.81) V8 -9) 2605 - 1.80 = 0.06 Vp? Vg = 3.66 mis Total time of travel unti it will stop: From A to B: SF, ty =m (Vg-Va) (Sin 30'-03466 Wy ty = 9.66-0) 3.66 "* 581(0 1536) 152243 sec FromB toc F117 =m (Vp: Vp) (9-040 = 0-366) 36 8 G08) 2° 094 so Told tre » 2434 0 94 Total 6 + 3:37 soe 459 WE), The 6 kg block at rest at at time t = 0 is acted On by a Rorlzontal for. thal varies sth time + as shown acceleration of the block 2 Which of the following yives the veiccity after 5 sec. @ Which of the following gives the distance traveled after 5 sec Solution: ® Initial acceleration of block when t=0 Ps 20N 20"ma W=5a a= 4 msec?460 @ Velocity after 5 sec 20 yRt=mV 200) +7420 = 53v4-0) va22 = 12mis V4 = V5 = 12s (vel. att=5 sec.) ® Distance traveled after 5 sec. * Velocity Diagram DFxt=mV 20(2) -0= (Vp -0) V2 =8 mis 2B ) + 2) +425) 12 $41.33 m. (distance equals area of velocity diagram) Another Solution using the Acceleratin Diagram: 4 ths Acceleration Diagram $=4 (2) (4)+ 42 (2) A5 kg block is at rest at a time t oe acted upon by a horizontal force P thal ¥ with time t as shown Pit) Time @) a ® Determine the initial acceler" block. ioc aft! ® Determine the velocity of the 5 sec. ied * ® Determine the distance travel 5 sec,IMPULSE MOMENTUM) Solution: Initial acceleration of the block " P Cos 30° + W Sin PCos 30 + mg P= 20N (trom diagram) 20.Cos 30° + 5(9.81) Sin 30° = 5a a= 84 mis? ma ma Velocity ater § sec YF, t= m(V-Vo) [P Cos30" + W Sin 30°}2 + FFcesan'+ wsina0'] 2 + Win 30°(1) = m(V5 Ve) [ao Cos 30° + §(9.81) Sin wo] 2 0 1 + Feces 0° + 5981) sin 05] 2 + 5(981) Sin 30'(1) = 6(V5 - 0) Vs = 34.92 mis Distance traveled after § sec.: Acceleration after § hours, WSin 30°=ma ™ (981) Sin 30" =ma 8 = 4.905 mis? Ss= 64,244) , 9495(2) (? 2 M3, * 4.05 85 = 6745 1H) #4505 (40 5) FR ihn: ‘A.50 kg block intially a rest is acted upon by a force P which varies as shown, Knowing that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the horizontal surface is 0.20 50kg © Which of the following gives the velocity of the block after 3 sec. ® Which of the following gives the velocity of the block after 5 sec ® Which of the following gives the velocity of the block after 8 sec. Solution: ® Velocity after 3 sec:y DF, t= m (V3-0) 250(3) - 10(9.81)(3) = 50 (V3- 0) V3=9.11 mis x a ® Velocity of the block after 5 sec. F, when t= 0. Solution: © Horizontal component of velocity at the end of 3 sec EN 2501 o 1 2 , s 4, (sec) Note: Negative if the direction of velocity is to the left and downward , pi Positive if the direction of the 4 3 velocity is to the Tight and upward. DFxt=mV ZF, t= m (Vy-V. 27 Vix) 250(5)- 10(8.81)5) = 50(V 0) ath -oe Vs = 15.19 mis tees 95 Wax-10) ® Velocity of the block after 8 seo, ® Vertical component of Velocity at the end 250.) + 5.9.01) = 50 (vp-0) ose Vg= 16.804 mis A particle with a mass of 0.5 kg has a vi u = 10 mis in the x-direction of time Forces F, and F, act on the particle, and their magnitudes change with time according t the graphical schedule shown, elociy t=0. @ Determine the horizontal component of velocity al the end of 3 sec, @ Determine the vertical component of velocity atthe end of 3 sec @ Delermine the resultant velocitylita, 2YY7 Pies [ue Aparile with a mass of 0.75 kg with initia velocity of V = 6-mis as shown at time t= 0 ec, Forces F, and Fp act on the particle ‘and their magnitude changes with time aecording tothe graphical schedule shown, Fo Ve6uvs see) © Compute the vertical component of the is final velocity at time of 3 sec. sane the resultant velocity at time of ® Determine the direction of the velocity of the particle measu m red fr : (roe : from the x-axis Solution: tic in oaanrnent of the final velocity at Fay e HN) Filo, ZFyt=m (Vz, Vy) U 4 Sin 30° (2) + 2 Sin 30° (1) + (1)(3) + ae = 0.75 (Voy -6 Sin 25°) 9=075Vzy- 1.90 Vgy = 14.54 mis Resultant velocity at time of 3 sec FON) see.) ZF, tem Vp-Vq) = 4 Cos 30° (2) - 2 Cos 30° (1) = 0.75 (Vp, - 6 Cos 25°) = 8.66 = 0.75 Va, - 4.08 6.11 ms Vo= Vet + (14.54 Vp 157 mis464 + Direction of the volocity of the particle Solution: measured from the x-axis (counter () Velocity of the object at t= 0.6 sec clockwise) F tem (Yy- V4) \ volt 24oio} = 4 [yy-(-10) 122V,+10 1454 cx Vp =2mis wan” Gy . ' veo Nelocity of the object at t= 0.9 8 = 67.2° (on the 2nd quadrant) F,t=m(vy-V)) 240(0.4) 120003) 4 ty, 40] Direction is 112.8" on the 2nd quadrant 2 2 20M 752V,+10 Vp =-25 mis Velocity at t = 0.6 sec Al z 104) 9 aay.ety0.5)=10l% ‘A 4 kg object, which is moving on a smooth aata=V22 © horizontal surface with a velocity of 10 ms in Vz2- S67 ms the - x direction, is subjected to a force Fy which varies with time as shown, ee BRN | 240 as | The 4 kg car, at rest atime t= ose bya horizontal force which vanes: as shown. Neglect friction 09 ah tee #W) £ 120} | v Abproirte tho experimental data by the ny bog hed line and determine the velocity of as ‘ be objet ts 06 sec. 0 3 ‘ Peter te vly ofthe object a re oH arse fie Stace cugh wih a contin of «)) Determine the velon eal ie of 020, dotormine the velocity at {Determine the YOO cat all te 06 906 «Determine the vel465 —ASoasoOvmXVX Solution: © Velocity of cart at t= 1 sec, SU g(vp-0) 3 Vp= 0.417 ms ® Velocity of cart att = 3 sec | 202) (20425), | 3 tp (Ea, Vp =8.96 mis © Velocity of cart at t= 4 sec 20(2) | (20+ a Oy = 40, QO) V2 = 15.83 mis lil peal” a ah) Kg block is moving at a certain speed ont tine the force P is applied as shown igo Soh. The kinetic coeficient of fiction After 0.2 sec. the force continues at he 10N level o (ail the vey ofthe block when Tahtal tz? C20 fw moving to the G : comeail® the time“ at which the block bela £0 the Beck is moving fo Calculate th the veloci 1502 cag 4 Otity Of the block when ten, ~ S°-if the block is moving to the @ H4=0.30 Solution: © Velocity of the black when t= 0.4 sec. if ‘the block is moving to the right at 1.2 m/s. 1Okg V; 20(0.2) + 10(0.2) -F(0.4) = m (Vp Vy) 4 +2-0.2(10)(9.81)(04) = 10 (Vp=1.2) + 1.848 = 10V2-12 Vp = 1.015 mis466 20(0.2) + (0.2) = m (V2 V4) he block comes toa tt at which t! 2 eee moving to the left al stop if the block is 12m, RN 4 (sec.) 20(0.2) + 10(at) + F(0.2 + At) =m (V2-V; 4+ 10At + 0.20(10)(9.81)(0. > a + 0.20(10}(9.81)(At) = 10[0 -(- 1.2)} 4+ 10at+ 3.924 = , eH + 19.62At = 10(1.2) At= 0.138 sec, Veloaity of the bk 00 = - Okg 1 Viz1.2 mvs —_ "sec. 4+ 0.2(10)(9.81)(0.2) = 10 [V2-(- 1) 7.924 = 10V2 + 12 Vp =~ 0.408 mvs —E— CONSERVATION OF Before impact Wy 7 During impact Ee After imy © myVy + my = myVy'+ MVE © Coefficient of restitution . p= tie woot ae OR = Felative velocity before gneve V,-Ve(CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM ®=0 forinelastic impact or fully plastic impact @=1 forelastic impact Conservation 9 Xedirection: f momentum along inl Sin = mV,'Cog.g YSN 8 V,'Cos cafciont of Festitution: os Yi Sing YsCos ® Percentage of kinetic ‘energy lost after impact Kinetic energy loss = Final KE - Initial KE Final KE= 3 (mvj? + dmg? Hig A acy Intl KE = > (ry)? + 5 (ma) Percentage of KE lost after impact og = (Final KE- initial KE)100 Initial KE V=0 v TaRTER V4 + mV (my + mV ‘% of mechanical energy lost: Final KE = (my +m)? Intl Ke = (my + may % lost = (Final KE - Initial KE)100 Initial KE468 CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM © Displacement in spring after iinpact Y Kecsprin ae an, m my MV # MAV2 = MyVy'+ MV; om cs Ni v; = vy —_ 2 AAA aaa a2» phP=o(my\v,'? © Average impact force for a Certain time "t" of contact: Ft= m(Vy-V,) Ft= m4V/'-V,) F = average impact force Ft= impulse a BOONE {A 2000 Ib. shell is fired from a gun we 300000 Ib. If the muzzle velocity of the shel 1500 fps. and the recoil of the gun ts checkag by a nest of springs having a modus g 2000 Ib. per inch, what is the maximum reo distance? Solution: mV = MV 2000 90000 g 500)= 2) Va 10 fps (recoil velocity of the qun) The kinetic energy of the gun is absorbed by the spring 41 iW >k§2=— — V2 gkSP= 9g i , 3 (2000(12)82 =f RO sop S=6.23 ft. Raz + e {A 1000 I. shell is fred from 2 20008 te cannon with a velocity of 2000 fs. Fe modulus of a nest of springs that wil recoil of the cannon to 3 f. Solution: m Vy =m V2 1000290) = 200000 vy 9 9 ) Vp = 10 fps (recoil veocity of ean” The kinetic energy of the cannon § by the nest of springs. 1yg2.tWy,2 2kS? =p g V2 1 cay2 1 (200000) (4oy2 pkP=2 aga k = 69013 tbift.469 Direct central impact occurs between 20 Ib body moving with a velocity of 3 {ps and a 30 1» body moving in the opposite diction wilh a velocity of 6 fps. The 20 Ib: body rebounds in the opposite diection with a velocly of 5 fps. Compute the amount and direction of the velocity of the 30 Ib. body. 10 Wo. V;=-6 fps (mon nr O= vj=5 tN "2 tis After Impact Solution: my Vy +#m2V2=™M4 V4! #mg V2" aco + Beg eFes wa 200- 180=- 100+ 30 V2" Vp! =4 fps. (to the right) 1 Shes shown has normal length of 12 in. bk ainsi to half its length and the Deu s are suddenly released from rest. ton rmine the velocity of each block when the pring is again 12 in. long. V,=0 —-k=60Ibfin. Vp Solutio ke60 Ibfin ANNAN Bi 3 imyVy mV = maa + 2V2" 500) + 30(0) = - 50 vy'+30V2" Kinetic energy of the block is absorbed by the k = 60 bin k = 60(12) = 720 Ibi 6\2 (720) nD 1/50 eas) i(z)( 1/30), +3(sa2) 9 = 0.280V;'? + 0.46642"? V9" = 10.98 fps we } (10.98) vy 26.6 fPs‘Avwooden pile that woighs 500 Ib. fs driven into the ground by succnssive blows of a harnney weighing 1000 tb, that falls freely through a distance of 6 ft. upon the head of the pile. The average resistance to penetration is, 4000 Ib, How far foos a singlo blow of the hammer drive the pile into the ground? Assume that the hammer and pile cling together after the impact. (Hint: Resultant work done equals kinetic energy lost in impact.) Solution: V4 = velocity of hammer before impact vy=V2qh v= V282246) Vy = 19.66 fps V2 = velocity of pite before impact Vp=0 ve Velocity of pile plus hammer after: impact myV4 # MyVo = MV + meV M4 9 JON), S040 (100+ 5 ov V= 13.11 fps 8 Way W: vie gee ty May Using Work-Energy Equation Pos Work - Neg. Work = Final KE «Ital WE 1 (1900) 9 119) 5 os 29 (eM (1000 + 500)S 40005 1500S - 40008 1500-45 147 2032.2) 2500S, 4003.23 S=16 tL on mena ‘A 1200 Ib, hammer falling freely Hous? it drives a 600 Ib. pile 6 in, vertically of ground. Assuming the hammer and cling together after impact, aterm . average resistance to penetration of ple Solution: Vj = velocity of hammer before most Vie V2gh_ Vy = V2(82.218) Vy = 13.90 fps Vo = velocity of ple before imoact Vg=0 ‘ V7 = eloty of pe and ame a myVy + myVe = (amy + M2" 4200(13.90) , 60040) . (4 9 qe V 29.27 fps wy Using Work Energy Equation” ¢ Pos Work - Nog Work = Change 1200 (i) (s)0" R= 6000 ib, oe