1 Experiment No 7

Investigate the effect of varying voltage and current on TIG

welded specimen
1.1 Introduction
In this write up, we are going to investigate and analyze the working of the TIG
welding and its advantages or disadvantages. The main aim of this lab session is to interact
the TIG welding plant and determine its applications in the industry of Pakistan. The safety
measures are given in the report as well and all steps of performing the report are governed
this lap report.

1.1.1 TIG Welding

TIG stands for Tungsten Inert Gas it is also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
(GTAW). It is the type of welding in which the electrode used is made up of non-consumable
Tungsten material. Sometimes we need a filler material but most of the time a filler material
not required.
1.2 Working Principal
The working principle of OTAW is just same like that of the DC Are welding. We
have an electrode which is made up of non-consumable tungsten material. When we put the
electrode at some distance from the specimen touching it we have an arc. The arc has heating
effect and that effect melts the base surfaces. Most of the times the welded portion has same
properties as that of the base metal but sometimes we do use filler material. A shielding gas
which is usually Helium or Argon is used that prevent the surface of the specimen from
contaminants.

1.3 Procedure
First, we turn the machine on with the AC supply.
Then we put the margin cylinder valve on The current source produces an electric are and
argon cylinder give a shield to protect the metal from contaminants. The welding is done with
the help of tungsten electrode which is non-consumable After joining the metals which is
done by melting the base surface we have a very finish joint.
1.4 Effect of varying voltage and current on TIG welded specimen.
As discussed earlier that the potential difference between the two poles of machine
determines the arc. When we make in contact between the two electrodes the circuit is
complete and current flows through the circuit. Then we pull the electrode apart so that
circuit is broken and due to potential difference (voltage) the air is ionized and we have are. If
the potential difference is very low then we will unable to ionize the air and there will be no
are produced.

1.5 Advantages and disadvantages

1.5.1 Advantages

1) We can have high quality welds with TIG welding

2) There is no spattering as filler metal is not used
3) Because of shielding gas no post-cleaning is required
4) It is even use to join non-ferrous metals

1.5.2 Disadvantages

1) Apparatus is much costly as AW

2) Slower process
3) Highly skilled person is required

1.6 Applications

1) It is used in aerospace industry

2) In making thin metal sheets
3) Thin wall tubing manufacturing is done with this welding
4) Bicycle industry
5) Maintenance for sophisticated parts

1.7 Safety measures:

In the welding lab, there is the usage of the arc and fire so there should be fully
equipped systems should be there so that there cannot be any damage.
The following Tools should be in the welding man and must be wore by the welder.
Gloves
Lab blazer
Welding Goggles
Joggers
Welding helmet
Fire Extinguisher
1.8 Conclusion
The important process parameters namely welding current, voltage, welding speed,
and gas flow rate are considered. The results indicate that the current and voltage have a
maximum influence on improving Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) in TIG-welded joint.