Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Idioms/Phrases
1. Adding insult to injury
2. Salt in the eyes
3. To the point
4. See eye to eye be in full agreement
5. Through dust in eyes
6. Bed of Roses
7. Beat around the bush
Sentences
1. Please write your name and address ____________.
a) In full b) At full c) By full
2. Ayesha is ____________ in choosing and matching clothes.
a) Selective b) considerable
3. The chief minister gave Rashid ___Reward____ for his bravery in rescue operation after flood.
4. There are many glaciers in gilgit.
5. My brother drove my car few days ago.
6. Due to uncertain disaster meeting at the last minute
a) Registered b) communicated c) was delayed
7. My grandparents live in Gujrat so I ___Have been visiting__ India for the past 10 years.
8. I have sent him only one resume until now.
9. They quarreled for year and ____in the end__.
10. The index is at the end.
11. He is lying in full length.
12. All the citizens abide by the laws of the country.
13. Be careful otherwise milk spislt out.
14. When he opened the book shelf a pile of books fell to the ground.
15. When he came his birthday party was in full flow.
16. The lecture was brief & to the point.
17. He delivered the documents by hand.
18. He will be eating by the time you arrive.
19. In his (salad days) he was quite?
a) childhood b) old age
20. When you arrive he will eat food.
21. Their upbringing was (apparent) from the way they behave.
a) Clear b) Obvious c) Negligent
22. The prices of the varieties of rice __were____ stably in the recent years.
23. The sun will rise at 5:30am tomorrow.
24. He might be the last friend he would have.
25. My grandfather___________ smoke for 62 years.
a) has been smoking b) is smoking c) was smoking d) had been
Narration
1. Omer said, “I can speak French.”
2. The manager asked if I liked my job.
3. He said, “I wish I were a pilot.”
4. “Are you ashamed of yourself?” she said.
5. She said to him, “Will you stop interfering in my work?”
6. Arsalan said that he could speak French.
7. My friend said, “Where was the library?”
8. The manager said that he/she would be leaving the following week.
9. Principal asked if Ali was present that day.
10. Ali asked me where the nearest police station was.
11. The poor asked if none would ever help him/her
12. He said to me, “You have studied well.”
13. He said that he had cleared the exams.
14. He asked where she lived.
15. The doctor said that he would be on duty the following week.
16. He said to him, “you are a true statesman”.
17. He said that he sold his house.
Words Antonyms/Opposites
1. Impediment Advantage/Aid/Benefit/Perfection
2. Commissioned Avoid/Dismiss/Revoke
3. Fiasco Accomplishment/Triumph/Wonder
4. Substantive Non-Nominal
5. Foremost Inferior/Least/Secondary
6. Suggest Dissuade/Declare/Refuse
7. Affluence Poor
8. Lax Attentive
9. Purchase Sale/Sell
10. Fidelity Enmity/Disloyalty/Wavering
Antonyms
1. Native 2. Autonomy 3. Fidelity
4. Artificial 5. Substantive 6. Suggest
7. Commissioned 8. Foremost 9. Narrow
10. Confined 11. Accord 12. Native
13. Damp 14. Stationary 15. Affluence
16. Rude 17. Mitigate 18. Lucid
19. Fiasco 20. Mean 21. Breach
22. Better 23. Frown 24. Crucial
25. Impediment
Passage 2:
The Earth is surrounded by an ocean of gases we call the atmosphere. The atmosphere is important
because it contains the air most living things breathe. It also absorbs heat energy from the sun. It even recycles
water by returning it back to the Earth as rain. Without the atmosphere, life as we know it could not exist on
Earth. The atmosphere extends about 600 kilometers (about 373 miles) above the surface of the Earth.
Scientists discovered that the atmosphere is divided into layers, just like a layer cake. The names and number of
layers are pictured in the diagram. As you can see, each layer varies in thickness and in temperature. These
layers also differ in composition – the types of gases that make up each layer.
The layer of the atmosphere we live in is called the Troposphere. Tropo is a Greek word meaning
turning or change. This first layer begins at sea level and ends about 15 (about 9 miles) kilometers up. The
Troposphere contains about 50% of all the air in the entire atmosphere. Because it is at the bottom, air pressure,
or the weight of the air, is greatest in this layer. All the clouds we see and the changes in weather we experience
occur in the Troposphere. Air temperature and air pressure are not the same all the way up through the
Troposphere. As altitude increases, air temperature and air pressure decreases. Mountain climbers must dress in
warmer clothes as they climb higher. To keep air pressure constant as they gain altitude, airplanes are sealed to
prevent air from escaping.
There are three other layers above the Troposphere. They are the Stratosphere, Mesosphere and
Thermosphere. Together they make up the remaining half of all the air that surrounds the Earth. This means the
air in these layers is thinner and has less pressure than the air in the Troposphere. The Stratosphere contains a
special gas called ozone, which is found in a layer called the ozone layer. This layer blocks out most of the
dangerous rays from our sun. These dangerous rays cause sunburn, which can lead to skin cancer. There has
been a lot of discussion about this layer over the past twenty years. Scientists have discovered that the ozone
layer has gotten thinner due to pollution. Now, more harmful rays reach the Earth. To protect our skin from
these rays, we must wear sun block while outside, especially in the summer when we wear less clothing. It is
also wise to wear sunglasses on bright days to guard against damage to our eyes.
1. In which layer is air pressure the greatest?
A. Stratosphere.
B. Troposphere.
C. Mesosphere.
D. Thermosphere.
2. What does the word composition mean in this passage?
A. Process material so that it is used again.
B. The way the parts of something are arranged.
C. To keep the air pressure constant.
D. Music notes written on a page
3. An alternate title for this reading passage might be:
A. The Thinning Ozone Layer.
B. Air Pressure and the Atmosphere.
C. Weather Events and the Atmosphere.
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D. The Many Layers of the Atmosphere.
4. Why did the word Troposphere come from the Greek word tropo?
A. Greeks first discovered the atmosphere.
B. Tropo is the Greek god of weather.
C. The weather is always changing within the Troposphere.
D. The Earth is shaped like a sphere
5. How are health problems in humans caused by the thinning ozone layer?
A. More harmful rays from the sun reach Earth.
B. It allows pollution to reach the Earth.
C. There is less ozone for humans to breathe.
D. The thinning ozone layer is increasing the air pressure on humans.
Passage 3:
A very important world problem, if not the most serious of all the great world problems which affect us
at the moment, is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit this planet. The limited amount of land
and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate.
En an early survey conducted in 1888, a billion and a half people inhabited the earth. Now, the
population exceeds five billion and is growing fast - by the staggering figure of 90 million in 1988 alone. This
means that the world must accommodate a new population roughly equal to that of the United States and
Canada every three years! Even though the rate of growth has begun to slow down, most experts believe the
population size will still pass eight billion during the next 50 years.
So why is this huge increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and
practice of what is becoming known as "Death Control". You have no doubt heard of the term "Birth Control" -
"Death Control" is something rather different. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scientists who now
keep alive people who, not very long ago. Would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a
wide variety of technological innovations that include farming methods and sanitation, as well as the control of
these deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die - creating a population explosion.
We used to think that reaching seventy years old was a remarkable achievement, but now eighty or even ninety
is becoming recognized as the normal life-span for humans. In a sense, this represents a tremendous
achievement for our species. Biologically this is the very definition of success and we have undoubtedly
become the dominant animal on the planet. However, this success is the very cause of the greatest threat to
mankind.
1. What does “it” refer to in line 4?
a. Important world problem b. Increasing number
c. Limited amount of land d. Huge population
2. This is the very definition of success’ paragraph 3 refers to:
a. Increasing life span to 80 or 90 b. Reaching 70 years old
c. Having a normal life span d. Technological innovations
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to eighty or even ninety…… normal life span for
humans? paragraph 3
a. On average, people now live to be over eighty.
b. We should recognize that people now live to between eighty and ninety on average
c. Now a days it isn’t normal for people to die younger than eighty
d. Average life expectancy is increasingly being considered to be eighty or more.
4. The main purpose of paragraph 2 is:
a. To put forward the argument that world population has to be reduced.
b. To give a brief history of the growth in world population.
c. To emphasize how quickly the world population is rising.
d. To stress how large the world population is now.
5. In paragraph 3, which of the following is not given as a reason for a reduction in death rates?
Passage 4:
A survey of 8,000 people by the UK Institute of Personnel and Development found that one in three
people work more than 48 hours per week and claim to be addicted to their Jobs. One in six people work more
than 60 hours a week and three-quarters of employees currently work overtime but only one-third gets paid for
5 it.
Workaholism can be described as the inability to stop working. Whether you are In the office, at home, in
bed, or socializing, if you a find that you cannot stop thinking about work or talking about work then it is very
likely that you are or you are about to become a workaholic.
Until recently many people described workaholism as a respectable addiction, and half thought that it was
an excellent trait. However, the condition is now recognized as a serious c problem and many theories have
been offered to try and better understand what motivates the workaholic. Some theories see it as a strategy to
hide underlying emotional problems such as anxiety, low self-esteem, depression and obsessive-compulsive
traits. Some scientists define a workaholic as a person whose need to work has become so excessive that it
disturbs (upset) physical health, personal happiness, interpersonal relations or the ability to function socially.
Thorne and Johnson identify two types of workaholics: the active and the passive. Active workaholics
work simply for pleasure of working. They have energy for working longer hours and they believe that such
hard working brings special rewards. On the other hand, passive workaholics are driven (motivated) to work by
insecurities, fear or paranoia until overwork becomes a habit, damaging the balance of their lives almost
without them realizing it.
Workaholics are often stressed. Studies show that Japan has the largest amount of workaholics worldwide
and overwork is responsible for 10,000 deaths there each year. The Japanese even have a word for death by
overwork -“karoshi”
Physical or mental exercise such as positive thinking, relaxing meditation, or spiritual comfort from family
and friends can all help to overcome workaholism.
1. The main idea of this passage is:
A) People in the UK are addicted to work but don't get paid for it.
B) Workaholism is a respectable addiction.
C) Workaholism is a serious problem all over the world and should be identified and treated.
D) Physical and mental exercises are important to treat workhaholism.
2. Working overtime in the UK is
A) a cause of accidents
B) not paid for the majority of employees
C) overpaid for all employees
D) unpaid for all employees
3. A workaholic is a person who
A) is absent from work every week
B) thinks about holidays while at work
C) has family problems
D) cannot stop working
4. Workaholism may be a way of hiding
A) social drinking B) addictive habits
C) personal happiness D) emotional problems
5. Workaholics who work out of fear and insecurities are
A) active workaholics
B) passive workaholics
C) damaging the balance of their lives
D) both B and C
6. How many people die from workaholism in Japan every year?
A) 8.000 B) One in six people C) 10.000 D) 1.000
Tenses
1. Once upon a time all the people gathered to choose their king.
2. Ladies and gentleman, the meeting is now adjourned.
3. When I opened the cupboard, all the books fell on my foot.
4. The children were afraid because it was getting very dark.
5. By the end of this year, we will have been living in this house for 10 years.
6. Sorry, she can’t come to the phone. She is sleeping.
7. My brother has been driving for the past two weeks.
8. The manager told the gate keeper that the gate must be closed after office hours.
9. I haven’t slept well since I bought this new bed.
10. I will purchase the tickets for my family for the visit of Lahore soon.
11. I can post your letter for you. I will be passing a post-box.
12. I haven’t sent him a single message as yet.
13. The cost of all varieties of apple has increased rapidly in the last two weeks.
14. I think we have met in the past.
15. I thought we had met in the past.
16. When I first met her, she was studying in university.
17. I will purchase the tickets for the match next month.
18. The sun will rise at 5:30 am tomorrow.
IDIOMS MEANING
1. A bed of roses a luxurious state
2. At hand close by,
3. Add insult to injury making a bad situation worse
4. Beat about the bush not getting to the point, avoiding an issue
5. Black sheep a disreputable member of a group
6. Come to light become apparent
7. Cry over spilt milk to regret something after it has happened
8. Eat like a horse to always eat a lot of food/ to be able to eat a lot food
9. Give cold Shoulder ignores or show indifference to
10. In full swing at the height of activity
11. In cahoots in conspiracy with someone
12. On the verge of close to happen
13. Pull your socks up to make an effort to improve your work
14. Salad days days of youthful inexperience
15. See eye to eye to agree
16. Strom in a teacup unnecessary anger/worry about a matter that is not
important
17. Throw dust in your eyes to mislead or deceive someone
18. With flying colours do something successfully
Words ANTONYMS
1. Ancient Modern
2. Barren Fertile
3. Bitter Sweet
4. Clever Stupid
5. Deep Shallow
6. Frown Smile
7. Gather Scatter
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8. Guilty Innocent
9. Generous Mean
10. Gradual Sudden
11. Happy Miserable
12. High Low
13. Humble Proud
14. Light Heavy
15. Narrow Wide
16. Purchase Sell
17. Rude Polite
18. Sober Drunk
19. Stationary Moving
20. Vague Clear
Modern Vocabulary/ ICAP Wordlist
1. Adjourn Suspend
2. Amplify Raise, Enlarge
3. Abject Miserable
4. Abeyance Break
5. Akin Similar
6. Accord Agreement
7. Affluent Rich, Prosperous
8. Abet Aid
9. Amicable Friendly
10. Apportion Allocate
11. Autonomy Independence
12. Brisk Quick
13. Bash Hit, beat
14. Bestow Give, Present
15. Benevolent Kind
16. Bonafide Authentic, genuine
17. Candid Clear, honest
18. Compel Force
19. Climax Peak, Height
20. Catastrophe Disaster
21. Chronic Persistent
22. Contempt Dislike, scorn
23. Collateral Security
24. Cognate Similar
25. Censure Criticism
26. Dilemma Predicament
27. Dearth Lack
28. Dormant Inactive
29. Deploy Position
30. Elevate Promote
31. Empirical Factual
32. Exasperate Irritate
33. Fiasco Flow
34. Foremost Leading