PHY 115

Sound

Discussion on Problems
Topic: Simple Harmonic Motion

Teacher’s name: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin

Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,

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 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑) is the equation of displacement
Checkpoint1:
Since, counting is started at the amplitude, that is at t=0, x=-xm
So, −𝑥𝑚 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 0 + 𝜑) ⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑=-1 ⇒ 𝜑=cos-1(-1)= 𝜋
The equation of displacement is, 𝒙 = 𝒙𝒎𝒄𝒐𝒔( 𝝎𝒕 − 𝝅)
The position of the particle at the following times are to be determined.
2𝜋 4𝜋 4𝜋
(a) t=2.0T=2 𝜔 = 𝜔 ; 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜔
𝜔
− 𝜋) = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 4𝜋 − 𝜋) =
𝑥𝑚c𝑜𝑠3π= 𝑥𝑚(-1)= −𝑥𝑚
2𝜋 7𝜋 7𝜋
(b) t=3.50T=3.50 = 𝜔; 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜔 − 𝜋) = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 7𝜋 − 𝜋) = 𝑥𝑚c𝑜𝑠6π=
𝜔 𝜔
𝑥𝑚(+1)= +𝑥𝑚
2𝜋 10.50𝜋 10.50𝜋
(c) t=5.25T=5.25 𝜔 = 𝜔 ; 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜔 𝜔
− 𝜋) = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 10.50𝜋 − 𝜋) =
Ref: Fundamentals of Physics – David Halliday, Robert
𝑥𝑚c𝑜𝑠9.5π= 𝑥𝑚×(0)= 0
Resnick, and Jearls Walker (10th Ed.), Chapter:15
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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 The equation must satisfy Hooke’s law, F=-kx
(a) 𝐹 = −5𝑥; ⇒ SHM
Because this equation shows that displacement is opposite to the restoring force.
(b) 𝐹 = −400𝑥2; ⇒ not a SHM
Although there is a negative sign, it contains square of x.
(c) 𝐹 = 10𝑥; ⇒ not a SHM
Because this equation shows that displacement is not opposite to the restoring
force.
(d) 𝐹 = 3𝑥2; ⇒ not a SHM
Because this equation shows that displacement is not opposite to the restoring
force and it contains square of x .

Ref: Fundamentals of Physics – David Halliday, Robert Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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Resnick, and Jearls Walker (6th Ed.), Chapter:16 BUET, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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BUET, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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BUET, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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𝑥 = 𝑥𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑)
1 𝑑𝑥 2 1 1 1
K= 2 𝑚 = 𝑘𝑥𝑚2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑 = 𝑘𝑥𝑚2[1-𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑 ] = 𝑘 [𝑥𝑚2-𝑥2]
𝑑𝑡 2 2 2
1 1
U= 2 𝑘𝑥𝑚2𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑 =2 𝑘𝑥2

When the block is at x=2.0 cm

1 1 1
So, K = 3J = 𝑘𝑥𝑚2 - 𝑘 × 0.02𝑚 2 And U= 2J=2 𝑘 × 0.02𝑚 2
2 2
1 1
⇒ 𝑘𝑥𝑚2 = 3J + 𝑘 × 0.02𝑚 2
2 2

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Finally, 𝑘𝑥𝑚2 = 3J +2J=5J
2

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(a) When the block is at x=0, U=0, K= 𝑘𝑥𝑚2 =5J
2
1 1
(b) When the block is at x=-2.0 cm, U= 𝑘 −0.02𝑚 2= 𝑘 0.02𝑚 2=2J
2 2
1
(c) When the block is at x=-𝑥𝑚, U= 𝑘𝑥𝑚2=5J
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Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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Ref: Fundamentals of Physics – David Halliday, Robert Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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Resnick, and Jearls Walker (6th Ed.), Chapter:16 BUET, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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BUET, Dhaka-1000
Prepared by: Dr. Mehnaz Sharmin, Department of Physics,
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BUET, Dhaka-1000