PLM BSN BLOCK 2 GROUP 4 | YEAR 2 | SEM 1
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING |Prof. Stephanie Louise Tayona
TRANSES
Labor, Birth and Early
Postpartum
Cultural Competence in Nursing
● Cultural competence
○ implies the ability of healthcare workers
to give the best medical care to patients
while demonstrating cultural awareness
of beliefs, race, and values.
○ Aids the growth and development of
nurses while also incorporating relevant
societal status
○ Prepares nurses to empathize, relate
more to patients, and attend more deeply
to their needs.
● Understanding the relationship between nurses
and patients
● Acquiring knowledge of various cultural
practices and views of the world
Components of Cultural Competence in Nursing
1. Cultural awareness- dropping prejudices and
developing the right attitude
2. Cultural knowledge- searching for
information/understanding and interacting
3. Cultural skills- collect relevant data and
process it
4. Cultural encounter- venture out of the
environment and try new cultures and places.
5. Cultural desire- learn other cultures and ability
to be open to new people.
Importance of cultural diversity in nursing care
● Helps the nurse offer the best services to
every patient
● Prevents professional health caregivers from
possessing stereotypes
● Helps them offer the best service to all,
regardless of their social status or belief
● Help them to keep their minds open and free of
judgment- continued education
● Providing top quality
Barriers
1. Language
a. Nurses and their patients don't speak the
same language; providing quality
medical care and making the patient feel
comfortable and cared for can be
exponentially more challenging.
2. Cultural Traditions
a. Have very different ways of thinking
about healthcare and may have
traditions that go against the grain of
medicinal practice.
3. Health Literacy
a. Different understanding of healthcare
from culture to culture also affects
health literacy.
4. Cultural assumptions
a. Cultural assumptions and the lack of
knowledge of culture can create unique
challenges for both nurses and patients.
Awareness
● It is important to be fully aware, have a degree
of awareness about the need for culturally
competent care
● What to do:
○ Let others know what you’re doing
Avoid making assumptions
● Avoid making assumptions about cultures they
aren't familiar with
● What to do;
○ If you're unsure about something,
simply ask
○ When asking questions, make sure your
body language communicates openness
and intent to truly hear.
Learn about other cultures
● Healthcare only reaches its full potential when
the whole patient is considered, including their
family, their day-to-day life, and their culture.
● What to do;
○ Think about the different cultures you've
encountered in your healthcare career;
as well as within your community
○ Make an effort to learn
○ Visit the area and read about the culture
○ Question any assumption you have.
Build trust and rapport
● It is essential to build trust with their patients,
regardless of ethnic or racial backgrounds.
● What to do;
○ Ask for a translator
 PLM BSN BLOCK 2 GROUP 4 | YEAR 2 | SEM 1
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING |Prof. Stephanie Louise Tayona
TRANSES
○ Display open and kind body language
○ Look the patient in the eyes.
Overcome Language Barriers
● To effectively communicate with a patient the
language barrier must be broken in some ways;
● What to do;
○ Ask for a translator
○ Explore translation technology
○ Use pictures or hand gestures
Educate Patients about medical practices
● Its critical that every patient, give informed
consent for any medical procedures. They may
need to blend new practices with cultural
traditions to maintain their health and education
is the key component of that process
● What to do;
○ When communicating with a patient,
ask them to repeat back to you what you
said.
Practice active listening
● It's important that patients feel heard and
validated, particularly when they are in a
vulnerable position.
● What to do;
○ Take the time to really listen
○ Sit down with them, make eye contact
○ Reassure them that you’re there and
ready to hear
○ Repeat back to them what they said in
your own words.
COMMON MYTHS AND BELIEFS RELATED TO
PREGNANCY
1. Don't cut your hair
a. False, health risk, the raw egg can cause
salmonella Health teaching, keep fit
and active, take a childbirth class, snack
carefully, take a warm shower, get a
massage, Don’t lie down.
2. Kain lang ng kain you are eating for two
a. False, health risk, weight gain, Health
teaching, eating balanced meals, food
preference according to culture, talk
about allowed weight gain.
3. It’s not safe to take a bath at night
a. False, Health benefits, help freshen up
and relieve pain, Health teaching, use
warm water.
4. Coldwater for pregnant moms is a no no
a. False, Health benefits, helps the blood
to circulate well, good metabolism and
organ function, Health teaching, always
in moderation.
5. Don’t dye your hair
a. True or false, Health risks, toxins and
chemicals might harm the baby, recent
study shows that it is not ok to get hair
dye with precautions. Health teaching,
Discuss the precautions.
6. Flying while pregnant can cause miscarriage
a. False, health risk, higher risk of
developing blood clots when you’re
seated for long periods of time, Health
teaching, Stand up and walk the aisle
every could of hours, wear stackings for
good circulation.
7. USOG
a. False, Health risk, the disease can be
passed on to saliva, Health teaching,
avoid putting saliva on the forehead or
any part of the baby both for pregnant
and baby.
8. Refrain from having sex while pregnant
a. False, Health benefits, a great way for
a couple to bond and get close, Health
teaching, educate the couple on what to
watch out for.
9. You can't take a bath after giving birth
a. False, health risk, poor hygiene can
cause disease to mom and baby, Health
teaching, stress the importance of good
hygiene.
10. You can't breastfeed when you are tired or
stressed
a. False, health benefits, lots of benefits
for the baby, natural relaxant for mom/
prolactin, health teaching, Explain the
importance of breastfeeding and also its
benefits to mother.
When planning nursing care:
● Respect other cultures
● Respect sociocultural values
● Diversity and inclusion are about giving values
 PLM BSN BLOCK 2 GROUP 4 | YEAR 2 | SEM 1
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING |Prof. Stephanie Louise Tayona
TRANSES

○ Certificate as Newborn Screening

Facility to RA No, 9288 and AO No.
Maternal and Child 2008-0026
Entrepreneurial Opportunities ○ Birthing facilities shall strengthen in
Service Delivery Network (SDN)
○ Assurance and notarized certification
from a Notary Public that birthing
● Entrepreneurship boom continues in maternal facility
and childcare health ○ Assurance and notarized certification
● Extremely important to country’s economy that it does not perform Bilateral tubal
● Creates job opportunities ligation and vasectomy unless it has a
● One o the programs and services our license to operate as an Ambulatory
government made is to extend and reach out the surgical; clinic
health care services to people who ned the most ○ Documentaty requirements:
● Maternal and child nursing entrepreneurship ■ Valid mayor’s/business permit
opportunities and reach out the health care ■ Valid certificate of business
services to people who need it the most name registration
● Maternal and child nursing entrepreneurship ■ Documentation of collection,
opportunities address 2 of MDG treatment, and disposal of
○ To reduce child mortality solid and liquid wastes in
○ To improve maternal health compliance\
○ CLINICAL SERVICE
■ Antennal and postpartum
care
BIRTHING CLINIC ■ Spontaneous vaginal delivery
■ Care of newborn baby
● DOH made a memorandum that there will be no ■ Detection of high risk
more pregnant mother to deliver children at pregnancies and early
home due to unsafe and risk delivery referral
■ Family planning
Why start Birthing Clinic? ■ Health edication
■ Birth planning and
preparedness
● Midwives/nurses/Physicians are ■ Infant and young child
encouraged to open a birthing center since feeding and lactation
1. Not all pregnant women have management
access to the hospital at the same ■ Hygiene
time ■ Birthing facilities are required
2. Hospital addresses different cases to operate 24/7 (if not
of health problems possible, must on call basis)
3. Birthing centers only focus on ■ Life-saving medications such
particular cases and are cheaper as magnesium sulphate,
compared to the hospital oxytocin, steroids, and oral
antibiotics shall be verified
against doctors written
Opening a Birthing Clinic? orders to its administration
○ Personell
■ Physician
● License Requirements ■ Nurse
○ SOP/manual of Operation ■ Midwife
■ Administration
 PLM BSN BLOCK 2 GROUP 4 | YEAR 2 | SEM 1
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING |Prof. Stephanie Louise Tayona
TRANSES

■ Clerk
■ Utility worker DAY CARE CENTER
■ Driver (on call 24/7) or MOA
with a transport provider ● Every minute there 3 Filipino babies are
■ Valid PRC license born
■ Certificate of Training ● Parents are away from work
■ Valid certificate of Good ● Need for a place to aid and guide the kids
standing from APO, ● Careering children 3 years to 4.11 years old
BEmONC ● Does not need too much manpower and
state of the art facilities

General guidelines
● Shall be managed and supervised by any
healthcare professionals who have complied
with the minimum and valid licensing
requirements
● Every birth must be attended by skilled birth
attendants
● Every staff at birthing home, including its
affiliate specialists shall advocate and adhere to
DOHpolicies and standards on maternal and
child health care
Equipment, Instruments, basic Medicines
● Shall have available medicine and
operational equipment and instruments and
consistent with services
○ Autoclave
Physical Facility
Opening a daycare center
Foundation Principles
● Early childhood is the most formative and
crucial stage in person’s growth and
development
● Dynamic interplay of heredity and environment
plays a significant and unique role in a person’s
development
● Exploration and discovery are venues for
development characterized by activity and
perseverance
● Homes are communities are important
continuing contexts within which a person's
development occurs and progresses
● Inclusion and cultural diversity are cornerstones
for optimal dvelopement

● Shall have a physical facility with adequate DEPED

areas in order to safely, effectively and
efficiently provide health services to ● RA 10157 “kindergarten education law”
patients. compulsory and mandatory entry stage to basic
education.
● Section 2 of this act provides that all five (5)-
Healthcare Waste Management year old children shall be given equal
opportunities for kindergarten education.
● Ensure that waste management, collection, ● Presidential decree No. 1567 claws establishing
treatment, and disposal are being a daycare center in every barangay and
implemented appropriating funds
● Funds for the establishment and maintenance of
depressed barangay day care centers may be
appropriated from the unexpected balance or
local and national government or from public
donations
 PLM BSN BLOCK 2 GROUP 4 | YEAR 2 | SEM 1
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING |Prof. Stephanie Louise Tayona
TRANSES

● In every barangay with at least (100) family continuing education of

heads: 1 daycare center service provider;
● But the accreditation and guidelines from supervision and
DSWD is the same conditions of
employment that are
DSWD part of the management
and administration of
● Government agency committed to the human the ECCD program
development concerns of children as a response 4. Program management
to the country's ratification of the convention on ● Refers to planning
the rights of the child (RTC) on July 26, 1990, budgeting
● AO NO 15 S 2011 guidelines for the implementation
accreditation of daycare centers and daycare supervision monitoring
workers. and evaluation of
○ Focus on 5 areas deemed necessary in management
any program information systems
○ Will cover daycare centers catering to and financial
children 3 years old to 4.11 years old management of the
○ Daycare workers are also covered to program
ensure that the physical, intellectual, ● All projects must be
social, and emotional needs of the responsive to the needs
children are being addressed. of the children, and
● FIVE AREAS OF STANDARD appropriate resources
1. Advancement of children’s growth must be allocated and
and development utilized efficiently to
■ Primary objective of DCC achieve the goal of
■ Tasked to facilitate children’s effectively managing
progress in all aspects of the Day Care Service.
development Can be achieved 5. Physical environment and safety
through ● Refer to giving
● Assessment of children importance to the
● Integration of health, child-friendliness of the
nutrition, and other location, the indoor and
complementary services outdoor environments,
● Utilization of and the ensuing quality
developmentally and safety measures.
appropriate curriculum ● Shall conform to the
for young children basic safety standards
2. Partnership with families, and program
communities, and local government requirements for the
● Indicates that daycare activities of the
high-quality early children.
childhood care and
development ECCD Manual for the Implementation of the Essential health
program results from care program (EHCP) in Filipino Day care center
shared responsibility
3. Human resource development ● Handwashing
● Recruitment and hiring; ● Toothbrushing
training and ● Footwear
development; ● Deworming
competencies and