Synonyms and Opposites in Unit 2

Barbed wire: wire with clusters of short, sharp spikes set at

intervals along it, used to make fences or in warfare as an
obstruction.‫االسالك الشائكة‬

Cotton gin: a machine for separation cotton from seeds

Reaper: (n)a person or a machine that harvest a crop.
Reap: (v) collect, harvest
Drill: a tool or machine that is used for making holes in
things
Device: tool, equipment
Seed drill
Seed: the small hard part of a plant
Invention: creation. Innovation
Implement: tool, device
Spinning: the action or process of converting fibers into
thread or yarn
Weaving; knitting
frontier: on border
Shortage: lack, insufficiency
Opp of shortage: plenty, sufficiency
Rails: railroad
Wooden rails
Fencing; fence, enclosure
allowed: permitted
 aloe opp. prevent
Scatter: dispense, distribute, sow
Germinate: grow
Reduce: decrease opp. Increase
Piles: heaps, loads, stack
Replace: subsitute, exchange
Bundle: pack
Silos: a tower on a farm used to store grain ‫صومعه‬
Manure: fertilizing, compost
Cab: cabin, compartment
Precision: accuracy
Optical detector: ‫الكاشف الضوئي‬
Destructive: damaging. Devastating
Sort: arrange, order
Imaging: picturing or scanning
Spectroscopy: the branch of science concerned with
investigation and measurement of spectra produced.‫التحليل‬:
ٍ
‫الطيفي‬
Spectra: vision, shadow ‫طيف‬
Firmness: solidity
Beams: rays
Waveband ‫موجة‬
Batch: group, class
Assume; suppose
Applications: implementation
Bounced: leap, spring
Indicate: refer, show
Absorbed: imbibed
Devise: (v) innovate, design
Sliced: cut into slices,divided
Exploration: investigation, examination
Picked: chosen or selected
Preservation: keeping, conservation
Slow down: decrease
Potentially: possibly
Potentially opp. impossible
Decay: rot ‫تعفن‬
Destroyed: damaged
Modify: adjust, amend
Conditions: circumstances
Preservation method
Pasteurization: the partial sterilization of a product
Fermentation: chemical breakdown of a substance by
bacteria or yeasts
Dehydration: the loss or removal of water from something
Ploughing: harvesting, plowing‫الحرث‬
Harvesting: gathering, collecting
Pesticide: a substance uses for destroying insects or other
harmful plants.
Fertilizer: a chemical or natural substance added to soil or
land to increase its fertility
Precise: (adj) accurate, specific
Distinguish: differentiate
Sensor: a device which detects or measure a physical
property.
Herbicide: a substance used to destroy unwanted vegetation
Efficient: effective
Fed into: supplied
Reliable: trustworthy
Responsive: reactive
Mounted on: fixed on
Drawback: disadvantages
Adjustment: amendment. Modification
Weeds: unwanted plants
Gather: collect
Field: ground, area
Exact: accurate
Fantastic: great
Career: job, profession
Broad-based: wide-range
Broad opp. narrow
Qualification: a quality or accomplishment that makes someone
suitable for a particular job or activity, degree

Marketing: the action or business of promoting and selling

products or services, and advertising.

Theoretically opp. Practically

Vocational: relating to an occupation or employment and include
practical skills
5 ‫وال تنسوا الكلمات الموجدة في نهاية الوحدة االولى صفحه‬
11 ‫ونهاية الوحدة الثانية صفحة‬
‫ومعانيهم موجودة في اخر الكتاب عند ال‬
glossary
Collocations ‫الكلمات المركبة‬
Electronic engineering
Broad-based
Technical college
Vocational qualification
Foundation degrees
Digital communication
Preservation methods
Wooden rails
Precision agriculture