ELEMENTS,

COMPOUNDS,
LEMENTS,
COMPOUNDS,
& MIXTURES
How can you determine whether
something is an element or not?
They are all listed on the periodic table.

ELEMENT
SONG
 ELEMENTS
ELEMENTS
1. Pure substance
– Made of only 1 type
of particle
– Ex: copper wire only
has copper atoms
2. Can’t be separated
into simpler
substances by
chemical or physical
means
 ELEMENTS
ELEMENTS
3. Each has a unique
set of properties melting pt.
– Called characteristic
properties
reactivity
– Can be physical or density
chemical
4. Classified by their flammability
properties
1. Metals Elements

2. Nonmetals Metalloids
Metals
3. Metalloids Nonmetal
s
Develop the concept map by adding
info. about metals, nonmetals, &
metalloids
METALLOIDS
METALS
•Shiny NONMETALS •Characteristics of
metals and nonmetals
•Good conductors •Dull (no shine)
•Malleable •Poor conductors •Semiconductors

•Ductile •At room temp, only a •Ex: silicon, germanium

few are solids that
•Ex: gold, silver,
are brittle
copper
•Most are gases
•Ex: hydrogen,
oxygen, helium
Use placement on the Periodic
Table to classify elements
 COMPOUNDS
COMPOUNDS
• Do you know any compounds?
• How are they different from elements?
• Characteristics
1. Found in nature more often than pure elements
2. Have more than one element
3. Elements are chemically bonded to each other
– Mg + O2
m
ak
e
sM
g
O
4. Pure substances that occur in fixed ratios by mass
– 1g H to 8g of O in every water molecule
5. Can’t be separated by physical means
6. Have their own unique set of properties
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
 Mixtures
• 2 or more substances that are not chemically
bonded
– So diff parts keep their own properties
• Ex:
– pizza
– granite
– Kool-aid
– Brass
– Jello
• Parts do not occur in a definite ratio
– Compare the 2 pepperoni pizzas
 Mixtures
• Can be physically separated by
1. Distillation
2. Magnet
3. Centrifuge
4. Filtration
5. Evaporation
 Mixtures
•Can be heterogeneous (see diff pieces) or
homogeneous (uniform appearance)
•Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions

•Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions

•Colloids are classified as heterogeneous in some
books and homogeneous in others
 Solubility Graph
– Which compound
shows the greatest
increase in solubility as
temp inc?

– Which compound(s)
actually decrease in
solubility as temp inc.?

– Which compound has

the highest solubility at
58oC?
 •Ex:
Kool-aid,
SOLUTION
•Don’t scatter light/
light passes right thru
salt
•Smallest solute
water,
particles
brass

•Do not settle out

Can pour
some •Pass thru filter

COLLOID
paper

•mixture
•Settle out on standing
s
•Separate w/filter paper
•Largest particle size (seen) •Medium particle
•Scatte size
•Ex: blood, muddy water, r light •Don’t easily pour
Italian salad dressing
•Ex: Jell-o, fog,
milk, mayo,

SUSPENSION whipped cream