WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?

Globalization

[glo-ba-lǝ-'za-shǝn]

The spread of the flow of financial products, goods, technology, information, and jobs across
national borders and cultures.

GOLD STEIN (2009)

Globalization encompasses trends including expanded international trade, monetary condition,

multinational corporations telecommunications, technical and specific corporation, cultural
exchanges of new types and scales, migration and refugee flows and relations between worlds
rich and poor countries and between human beings and the natural environment.

FRIEDMAN(199)

The inexorable integration of markets, nation states and technologies to a degree never witness
before in a what that is enabling individuals, corporations and nations-states to reach around
the world farther, faster, deeper, and cheaper than ever before.
Definitions of Globalization

Kiss, Endre (2013)

"Globalization is defined as the unprecedented new world state, a special phase of the world
history that is already perceptible but that started ultimately in its mature form in 1989 with the
retreat of communism."

Heywood (2014)

"Globalization is the emergence of a complex web of interconnectedness that means that our
lives are increasingly shaped by events that occur, and decisions hat are made, at a great
distance from us. Distinction are commonly drawn between economic globalization, cultural
globalization and political globalization.

Ritzer and Dean (2015)

"Globalization is a transplanetary process set of processes involving increasing liquidity and

growing multidirectional flows of people, objects, places, and information as well as the
structures they encounter an create that are barriers to, or expedite those flows."
MANFRED B. STEGER

(Born 1961) is professor at the university of Hawaii at Manoa. He was also professor of Global
studies and Director of the globalism Research Centre at RMIT University in Australia until
2013, Steger's research and teaching spans globalization, ideology, and non-violence.

COMMON THEMES:

THEME 1- globalization involves the creation of new and the multiplication of existing social
networks and activities that increasingly overcome traditional political, economic, cultural and
geographical boundaries.

THEME 2- Globalization is reflected in the expansion and stretching of social relations,

activities and interdependence.

THEME 3- Globalization involves in the intensification and acceleration of social exchanges

and activities.

THEME 4- globalization processes also involve the subjective plane of human consciousness
since the creation ,expansion, and intensification of social interconnectedness and
interdependence do not occur merely on an objective, material level.

WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?

EXPANSION refers to both the creation of new social networks and the multiplication of the
connection that cut across tradition, economic, culture and geographic .

INTENSIFICATION refers to the expansion, stretching and acceleration of these networks.

GLOBALIZATION IN ECONOMICS

-Multinational corporations operate on a global scale, with satellite offices and branches in
numerous locations.

- Outsourcing can add to the economic development of struggling country, bringing much
needed jobs.

GLOBALIZATION IN THE BLENDING OF CULTURES

-Silk road was trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea area and it allowed the
exchange of not only goods, but culture and knowledge.

-Christian missionaries from Europe added to the globalization of Christianity.

-Food is one factor of globalization

GLOBALIZATION IN TECHNOLOGY

- INTERNET-is the major contributor to globalization, not only technology but in other areas
as well like in cultural exchanges of the arts.

- Global news networks,like CNN, contribute to the spread of knowledge

- Cellphones' connect people all over the world like never before. Around 60 percent of all
people in the world use celphones.

- Greater international travel and tourism.

ANTI-GLOBALIZATION

Many anti globalism activities see globalism as the promotion of a Corporatist agenda, which
is intent on constructing the freedom of individuals in the name of profit. They also claim that
increasing autonomy and strength of corporate entities increasingly shape the political of
nation states.

PRO-GLOBALIZATION(GLOBALISM)
Globalism, at its core, seeks to describe and explain nothing more than a world which is
characterized by networks of connections that span multi-continental distances . It attempts to
understand all the inter connections of the modern world - and to highlight patterns that
underlie (and explain) them

ADVANTAGES

PEACEFUL RELATIONS

EMPLOYMENT

EDUCATION

PRODUCT QUALITY

CHEAPER PRICES

COMMUNICATION

TRANSPORTATION

GDP INCREASE

FREE TRADE

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

EXTERNAL BORROWING

DISSADVANTAGES

OHEALTH ISSUES

LOSS OF CULTURE

UNEVEN WEALTH DISTRIBUTION

ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION
DISPARITY

CONFLICTS

CUT-THROAT COMPETITION

ARJUN APADURAI

-He is a cultural theorist and anthropologist. He came up with the scapes theory.

-Born in Mumbai,india in 1949.

-Professor at the University of chicago;

MAJOR PUBLICATIONS:

-Modernity at large: Cultural Dimensions of globalization (1996)

-Disjuncture and difference in the global Cultural economy (1990)