NORTHWEST SAMAR STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

S.Y. 2012 – 2013

DESIGN OF TRUSS
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT
IN
CE 443 – TIMBER DESIGN

BY:
SHEILA MARISSE S. BARRO

April 5, 2013
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

DETAIL OF TRUSS……………………………………………………………… i

TRUSS DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………. ii

DETAIL OF JOINTS………….…………………………………………………..ii

DESIGN COMPUTATIONS
DESIGN VALUES………….…………………………………...……..… 1
LOAD COMPUTATIONS.…..………………………………...………… 2
SCHEDULE OF LOADS.…..………………………………...………..... 4

DESIGN OF MEMBERS
TOP CHORD.…..…………………………..………………...………..… 5
BOTTOM CHORD.…..……………………..………………...……...….. 7
MEMBERS.…..……………………………...………………...……...….. 9

DESIGN OF PURLINS………………………………………………………….. 10

DESIGN OF JOINTS…………………………………………………………….. 12

APPENDIX
PLANS AND ELEVATIONS
ROOF FRAMING PLAN
TRUSS ANALYSIS
 DESIGN COMPUTATIONS

DESIGN VALUES

Live load = 12 psf

Wt. of roofing = 7 psf = 0.33 kPa

Truss spacing = 3.5 m

Spacing of purlins = 0.750 m

Top chord inclination = 14°

Wood specie: yakal (80%)

Wyakal = 76 pcf = 11.85 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚

Fb = 24.5 MPa

Fb = 24.5 MPa

Fc = 2.49 MPa

Wind velocity = 250 kph

Height of roof = 17 m

Zone 1

1
LOAD COMPUTATIONS

WIND LOAD

 From Ex. 1:
pn = 1.15 kPa

WL = 1.15(3.5)
WL = 4.025 kN/m

Wn = 4.025(1.142)
Wn = 4.60 kN

Wn/2 = 4.60/2
Wn/2 = 2.30 Kn

LIVE LOAD

LD = 0.60(3.5)
LD = 2.1 kN/m

WL = 2.1(1.108)
WL = 2.33 kN

WL/2 = 2.40/2
WL/2 = 1.16 kN

2
 DEAD LOAD

W TR = 𝑎𝐿(1 + 0.15𝐿)
W TR = (11.48)(21.82)[1 + 0.15(21.82)]
W TR = 535.18 lb = 2.38 kN

WT = #
.
WT =
W T = 0.40 kN

W T/2 = 0.40/2
W T/2 = 0.20 kN

WC = 0.80(3.5)
WC = 2.8 0 kN

WC/2 = 2.8/2
WC/2 = 1.40 kN

3
SCHEDULE OF LOADS

WIND LIVE DEAD

DL + MAX.
MEMBER LOAD LOAD LOAD DL + LL
WL LOAD
(kN) (kN) (kN)
1-8 -46.2 -24.86 -33.14 -79.34 -58 -79.34
TOP CHORD

8-9 -37.53 -19.89 -26.52 -64.05 -46.41 -64.05

9-10 -28.86 -14.91 -19.89 -48.75 -34.8 -48.75
10-11 -28.86 -14.91 -19.89 -48.75 -34.8 -48.75
11-12 -37.53 -19.89 -26.52 -64.05 -46.41 -64.05
12-7 -46.2 -24.86 -33.14 -79.34 -58 -79.34
1-2 3.17 1.61 2.14 5.31 3.75 5.31
2-3 3.17 1.61 2.14 5.31 3.75 5.31
BOTTOM
CHORD

3-4 -6.35 -3.22 -4.29 -10.64 -7.51 -10.64

4-5 -6.35 -3.22 -4.29 -10.64 -7.51 -10.64
5-6 3.17 1.61 2.14 5.31 3.75 5.31
6-7 3.17 1.61 2.14 5.31 3.75 5.31
2-8 0 0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
3-9 2.37 1.2 4.4 6.77 5.6 6.77
4-10 9.47 4.8 9.2 18.67 14 18.67
MEMBERS

5-11 2.37 1.2 4.4 6.77 5.6 6.77

6-12 0 0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
3-8 -9.81 -4.97 -6.63 -16.44 -11.6 -16.44
4-9 -10.63 -5.39 -7.18 -17.81 -12.57 -17.81
4-11 -10.63 -5.39 -7.18 -17.81 -12.57 -17.81
5-12 -9.81 -4.97 -6.63 -16.44 -11.6 -16.44

4
 DESIGN OF MEMBERS

TOP CHORD

DL + WL = -79.34 kN

𝐷𝐿 + 𝑊𝐿 −79.34
= = 105.79 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
0.75 0.75

DL + LL = 77.33 kN

𝐷𝐿 + 𝑊𝐿 77.33
= = 79.70 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
0.75 0.75

∴ USE L = 105.79 𝑘𝑁 𝑚

 TRY 75mm X 100 mm

L = 1.142

𝐿
− 11
𝐽= 𝑑
𝐾−1

𝐸 9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.671 ′
= 0.671 = 16.19
𝐹 15.8

1(1142)
− 11
𝐽= 75 = 0.27
16.79 − 11
𝐿 1142
= = 15.23 > 11
𝑑 75

∴𝐹 = 15.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎

9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.871 = 21.67
15.8

5
 1 15.23
𝐹 = 15.8 1 − = 14.52 𝑀𝑃𝑎
3 21.67

300
𝐹 = 15.8 = 17.85 𝑀𝑃𝑎
100

∴ USE 𝐹 = 14.52 𝑀𝑃𝑎

6𝑀
𝑓 =
𝑏𝑑

𝑊𝐿 105.79(1142)
𝑀= = = 15101.52 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
8 8

6(15101.52)
𝑓 = = 0.12
75(100)

79.34(1000)
𝑓 𝑓 75(100) 0.12
+ = + = 0.73 < 1.0
𝐹′ 𝐹 ′ − 𝐽𝐹 14.52 24.5 − 0.27(15.8)

∴ DESIGN IS SAFE!!!

6
BOTTOM CHORD (COMPRESSION)

DL +WL = -10.64 kN

10.64
𝑊= cos 14° = 9.31 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
1.108

DL + LL = -7.51 kN

7.51
𝐿= = 6.78 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
1.108

∴ USE L = 9.31 kN/m

 TRY 75mm X 100mm

𝐿
− 11
𝐽= 𝑑
𝐾−1

𝐸 9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.671 ′
= 0.671 = 16.19
𝐹 15.8

1(1108)
− 11
𝐽= 75 = 0.65
16.79 − 11
𝐿 1108
= = 14.77 > 11
𝑑 75

∴𝐹 = 15.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎

9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.871 = 21.67
15.8

1 14.77
𝐹 = 15.8 1 − = 14.66 𝑀𝑃𝑎
3 21.67

300
𝐹 = 15.8 = 17.85 𝑀𝑃𝑎
100

∴ USE 𝑭 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟔𝟔 𝑴𝑷𝒂

6𝑀
𝑓 =
𝑏𝑑

𝑊𝐿 9.31(1108)
𝑀= = = 1.43 × 10 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
8 8

6(1.43 × 10 )
𝑓 = = 11.44
75(100)

7
 10.64(1000)
𝑓 𝑓 75(100) 11.44
+ = + = 0.90 < 1.0
𝐹′ 𝐹 ′ − 𝐽𝐹 14.66 24.5 − 0.65(15.8)

∴ DESIGN IS SAFE!!!

BOTTOM CHORD (TENSION)

 TRY 75mm x 100mm

𝑇 5.31(1000)
𝑓 = = = 0.71 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴 75(100)

Ft = 24.5 MPa

6𝑀
𝑓 =
𝑏𝑑

𝑊𝐿 4.65(1108)
𝑀= = = 713.58 × 10 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
8 8

6(713.58 × 10 )
𝑓 = = 5.71 𝑀𝑃𝑎
75(100)

𝑓 𝑓 0.71 5.71
+ = + = 0.26 ≤ 1.0
𝐹 𝐹 24.5 24.5

𝑓 −𝑓 5.71 − 0.71
= = 0.20 ≤ 1.0
𝐹′ 24.5

∴ DESIGN IS SAFE!!!

8
MEMBERS (KING POST)

DL + WL = 18.67 kN

DL + LL = 14 kN

∴ USE P = 18.67 kN

𝐿 1(827)
= = 8.27 > 11
𝑑 100

∴ FC = F’C = 15.8 MPa

cap = 75(100)(15.8) = 118500 N = 118.5 kN > 18.67 kN

∴ DESIGN IS SAFE!!!

MEMBERS (DIAGONALS)

DL +WL = -17.81 kN

17.81 cos 14°

𝑊= = 4.13 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
1.237 cos 26.4°

DL +LL = -12.57 kN

12.57 1
𝑊= = 3.35 𝑘𝑁 𝑚
1.237 cos 26.4°

∴ W = 11.35 kN/m

𝐿
− 11
𝐽= 𝑑
𝐾−1

𝐸 9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.671 ′
= 0.671 = 16.19
𝐹 15.8

1(1237)
− 11
𝐽= 75 = 0.95
16.79 − 11

𝐿 1237
= = 16.49 > 11
𝑑 75

∴ 𝐹 = 15.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎

9.78 × 10
𝐾 = 0.871 = 21.67
15.8

1 16.49
𝐹 ′ = 15.8 1 − = 14.03 𝑀𝑃𝑎
3 21.67

9
 300
𝐹 ′ = 15.8 = 17.85 𝑀𝑃𝑎
100

∴ USE 𝑭′ 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟎𝟑 𝑴𝑷𝒂

6𝑀
𝑓 =
𝑏𝑑

𝑊𝐿 4.13(1237)
𝑀= = = 0.79 × 10 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚
8 8

6(0.79 × 10 )
𝑓 = = 6.32
75(100)

17.81(1000)
𝑓 𝑓 75(100) 6.32
+ = + = 0.84 < 1.0
𝐹 𝐹 − 𝐽𝐹 14.52 24.5 − 0.95(15.8)

∴ DESIGN IS SAFE!!!

10
 DESIGN OF PURLINS

q = 0.0000473 (250)2
q = 2.96 kPa

( . ) °
pn = °
pn = 1.15 kPa

Wn = 1.15(0.75) + 11.85(0.1)(0.075)cos14° + 0.57(0.75)(cos14°)(cos14°) +

0.33(0.75)(cos14°)
Wn = 1.59 𝒌𝑵⁄𝒎

. ( . )
Mn = =
Mn = 2.43 Kn-m
. ( . )
Vn =
Vn = 2.78 kN

Wt = 11.85(0.1)(0.075)(sin14°) + 0.57(0.75)(cos14°)(sin14°) + 0.33(0.75)(sin14°)

Wt = 0.18 kN/m

. ( . )
Mt = =
Mt = 0.28 kN-m
. ( . )
Vn =
Vn = 0.32 kN

 For bending:

( . )( ) ( . )( )
fb = ( )
+ ( )
fb = 22.43 MPa (ok!)

 For shear:

( . )( ) ( . )( )
fv = ( )( )
+ ( )( )
fv = 0.79 kN (ok!)

11
 DESIGN OF JOINTS

Assume:
Gusset plate width = 10 mm; Width of timber = 75 mm
Length of bolt = 10 (2) +75
Length of bolt = 95 mm (use 100mm)
For 16 𝜑 bolts
P= 14.20 kN
Q= 9.84 kN

@ Joint 1

 For 1-8
. ( . )
N= . .
N = 13. 84 kN
.
No. = . = 5.73
No. = 6 pcs.

 For 1-2 (Q)

.
No. = . = 0.54
No. = 2 pcs.

 For 1-2 (P)

.
No. = . = 0.37
No. = 2 pcs

@ Joint 2

 For 2-1 & 2-3

.
No. = . = 0.37
No. = 2pcs.

 For 2-8 (P)

.
No. = . = 0.20
No. = 2pcs.

 For 2-8 (Q)

.
No. = . = 0.28
No. = 2pcs.

@ Joint 3

 For 3-2 & 3-4

(Q)
.
No. = . = 1.08
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . = 0.75
No. = 2pcs.

12
  For 3-9
(Q)
.
No. = . = 0.69
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . = 0.48
No. = 2pcs.

 For 3-8
. ( . )
N= . .
= 13.84
.
No. = . = 1.19
No. = 2pcs

@ Joint 4

 For 4-3 & 4-5

(Q)
.
No. = . = 1.08
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . = 0.75
No. = 2pcs.

 For 4-10
(Q)
.
No. = . = 1.90
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . =1.31
No. = 2pcs.

 For 4-9 & 4-11

. ( . )
N= . . . .
N= 13.05 kN
.
No. = . = 1.36 pcs.
No. = 2pcs

@ Joint 5 = Joint 3

@ Joint 6 = Joint 2

@ Joint 7 = Joint 1

@ Joint 8:

 For 8-9
. ( . )
N= . .
= 13.84
.
No. = .
= 4.63

13
 No. = 6 pcs.

 For 8-3
. ( . )
N= . .
= 12.94
.
No. = . = 1.27
No. = 2 pcs.

 For 8-2
(Q)
.
No. = . = 0.28
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . = 0.2
No. = 2pcs.

@ Joint 9

 For 9-8
N = 13.84 (see Joint 1)
.
No. = . = 4.63
No. = 6 pcs.

 For 9-10
N= 13.84 kN (see Joint 2)
.
No. = . = 3.52
No. = 4 pcs.

 For 9-4
. ( . )
N= . . . .
N= 13.18 kN
.
No. = . = 1.35
No. = 2pcs.

 For 9-3
(Q)
.
No. = . = 0.69
No. = 2pcs.

(P)
.
No. = . = 0.40
No. = 2pcs.

@ Joint 10

 For 10-9 & 10-11

N= 13.84 kN (see Joint 1)
.
No. = . = 3.52
No. = 4pcs.

 For 10- 4
(Q)

14
 .
No. = . = 1.90
No. = 2pcs.
.
(P)No. = . = 1.31
No. = 2pcs.

@ Joint 11 = Joint 9

@ Joint 12 = Joint 8

@ Joint 7 = Joint 1

15