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A.

SERIES

B C D
A

1 2 3

1. Total head loss = hf1 + hf2 + hf3

2. Q1 = Q2 = Q3

B. SERIES and PARALLEL


1. Total head loss = hf1 + hf3 + hf5
2. Q1 = Q5
3. Q1 = Q2 + Q3 + Q4
4. hf2 = hf3 = hf4

C. SERIES and PARALLEL

1. Total head loss = hf1 + hf2 + hf5


2. Q1 = Q5 5. hf2 = hf3 + hf4
3. Q1 = Q2 + Q3
4. Q 3 = Q4
D. SERIES and PARALLEL

1. Total head loss = hf1 + hf3 + hf5 + hf6


2. Q1 = Q6
3. Q1 = Q2 + Q3 + Q4
4. hf3 = hf4
5. hf2 = hf3 + hf5

6. Q5 + Q 2 = Q6
7. Q5 = Q 3 + Q4
Solution:
The formula to use depends on the coefficient or factor given:
Example: f  Darcy Weisback Formula
n  Manning’s Formula
,   Hazen – Poseville Equation
C, R, S  Hazen Williams Formula

Use
For pipe 1

For pipe 5
Relationships of hfs and Qs in series and parallel pipes are standard
which can be used no matter what factors and/or coefficients are given.

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